in which the relative motion of the components is decelerated to zero, deceleration time - time required by the moving component to decelerate from friction speed to zero speed, total length loss (upset) - loss of length that occurs as a result of friction welding, i.e. the sum of the burn-off length and the forge burn-off length, total weld time - time elapsed between component contact and end of forging phase, welding cycle - succession of operations carried out by the machine to make a weldment and return to the initial position, excluding component - handling operations, weldment - two or more components joined by welding." References Plastic welding Welding