that there is no missing tooth. Some factors need to be considered when making a decision whether to undergo space closure. These include facial profile, size and dimension of canine, the shade of colour of the teeth and the gingival contour and height. Group function occlusion is usually present as a result of the mesial movement of the canine. In order to maintain the stability of the closed space, direct-bonded lingual retainers are usually required. Orthodontic space opening prior to prosthodontic treatment The need for orthodontic space opening prior to prosthodontic management depends on the amount of edentulous space available in relation to adjacent teeth, occlusion and aesthetic concerns. To determine the amount of space needed, three methods in the literature can be used which are the golden proportion, the Bolton Analysis and comparing the edentulous space with the contralateral tooth size if present. Space opening and prosthodontic treatment is indicated where there is a Class I molar relationships in the absence of malocclusion Class III molar relationships presenting with a concave facial profile. However, the alteration in appearance during orthodontic treatment (e.g. creating diastema for placement of prostheses) before the filling up the space, although temporary, can negatively impact the oral health-related quality of life in adolescents. Removable partial dentures Removable partial dentures are known to be an effective interim method for maintaining functional and aesthetic demands in a growing patient, where definitive fixed restorations are not suitable yet. Removable dentures act as a space maintainer and also prevent the migration of adjacent or opposing teeth, thereby preserving the face height. They are also easy to adjust or add on to in the event of further tooth eruption. However, it may be difficult for young individuals to adhere with wearing removable dentures, due to their bulk. Some patients also find the idea of dentures functionally and socially unacceptable, making them unwilling to comply. Removable prosthetic devices are also known to cause damage to the remaining teeth if worn over a long period of time. Conventional crown and bridgework Fixed restorative options are generally preferred over removable ones. Resin-bonded bridges: Due to its minimal preparation required, this method of replacing teeth is more suited to young adults. It is a definitive restoration with the ability to fill up one or two tooth spaces. Research has reflected a survival rate of 80% over a period of 6 years or longer, and