Wells Brown: fugitive slave, author, playwright, activist Charlotte L. Brown: civil rights activist in 1860s San Francisco Thomas Day: pre-eminent antebellum cabinetmaker and abolitionist from North Carolina Martin Delany: abolitionist, writer, physician, and proponent of black nationalism Moses Dickson abolitionist, soldier, minister, organizer Frederick Douglass: fugitive slave, reformer, writer, and statesman William Ellison: property owner and businessman Henry Highland Garnet: Abolitionist and educator Cynthia Hesdra: former slave and New York businesswoman Harriet Jacobs: writer and abolitionist Biddy Mason: nurse, midwife, entrepreneur, philanthropist Mary Meachum: Underground railroad conductor and President of Colored Ladies Soldiers Aid Society William Cooper Nell: journalist William Nesbit: civil rights activist in Pennsylvania Solomon Northup: writer of slave narrative Twelve Years a Slave Sarah Parker Remond: lecturer and abolitionist, physician Charles Lenox Remond Daniel Payne: educator, college administrator, and author Robert Purvis: abolitionist David Ruggles: anti-slavery activist Heyward Shepherd: killed in John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry Michael Shiner: diarist Maria Stewart: journalist, abolitionist, and activist William Still: abolitionist, writer, and activist Pierre and Juliette Toussaint: philanthropists Harriet Tubman: fugitive slave, abolitionist, Underground Railway organizer ("conductor") Harriet Wilson: novelist See also Antebellum Black community Abyssinian Meeting House Free people of color Slavery in the United States Slavery in Canada Notes References Specific Further reading Berlin, Ira. Slaves Without Masters: The Free Negro in the Antebellum South (1974). Burton, Orville Vernon. "Anatomy of an Antebellum Rural Free Black Community: Social Structure and Social Interaction in Edgefield District, South Carolina, 1850–1860," Southern Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal of the South (1982) 21#3 pp. 294–325. Curry, Leonard P. The Free Black in Urban America, 1800–1850: The Shadow of the Dream (University of Chicago Press, 1981). Diemer, Andrew K. The Politics of Black Citizenship: Free African Americans in the Mid-Atlantic Borderland, 1817–1863 (University of Georgia Press, 2016). xvi, 253 pp. Franklin, John Hope. Free Negroes in North Carolina. Hancock, Scott. "From "No Country" to "Our Country!" Living Out Manumission and the Boundaries of Rights and Citizenship, 1773–1855." Paths to Freedom: Manumission in the Atlantic World (University of South Carolina Press, 2009), 265–289. Horton, James O. Free People of Color: Inside the African American Community (Smithsonian Institution Press, 1993). Horton, James O., and Lois E. Horton. Black Bostonian's: Family Life and Community Struggle in the Antebellum North (New York: Holmes and Meier, 1979). King, Wilma. The Essence of Liberty: Free Black Women during the Slave Era (2006). Lebsock, Susan. "Free black women and