Pinetown is a large area that is part of the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality, inland from Durban in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Pinetown is situated 16 km west of Durban at an elevation of 1,000 to 1,300 feet (305 to 395 m). History Pinetown was named after the governor of Natal, Sir Benjamin Pine. The town was established in 1850 around the Wayside Hotel, itself built in 1849 along the main wagon route between Durban and Pietermaritzburg. In the Victorian era Pinetown was known as health resort. During the Second Boer War, the British built a concentration camp in Pinetown to house Boer women and children. A number of German settlers made Pinetown their base and this accounts for the neighbourhood known as New Germany and the German Lutheran Church. Indeed, to this day imported German cakes and goodies pack the shelves at Christmas time in the Knowles Spar, the largest grocery store of Pinetown. One of the largest monasteries was located south of Pinetown in Mariannhill, home to the Mariannhill monastery founded by Abbott Francis Pfanner. The establishment of this monastery had huge influence in the expansion of the Catholic Church in KwaZulu Natal. The area of Clermont was a solely black residential zone during the apartheid era, with land tenure being on a freehold basis unlike the state-owned townships elsewhere in the Durban vicinity. This meant residents enjoyed an atmosphere of freedom and this led to Clermont being a base for some well-known political activists during the apartheid era such as the lawyer Archie Gumede. Other personalities associated with Clermont are relatives of the leader of the world-renowned Ladysmith Black Mambazo musical group. Geography Pinetown is located about 305 to 395 m above sea level on the banks of the uMbilo River and at the foot of the escarpment above Fields Hill to the west of the town. The town is situated about 16 km north-west of the city of Durban by road and 64 km south-east of the city of Pietermaritzburg by road. Pinetown is bordered by the suburb of Wyebank in the north, the townships of KwaDabeka and Clermont in the north-east, the town of Westville to the east, the town of Queensburgh and the township of Chatsworth to the south-east, the township of Klaarwater to the south, the townships of Luganda, Sgubudwini, Mpola, Tshelimnyama and KwaNdengezi to the south-west and the town of Kloof to the north-west.