Mardin Province (; ; ) is a province in Turkey with a population of 862,757 in 2021. The largest city in the province is Kızıltepe, while the capital Mardin is the second largest city with a population of 129,864. Districts Mardin province is divided into 10 districts (capital district in bold): Artuklu District Dargeçit District Derik District Kızıltepe District Mazıdağı District Midyat District Nusaybin District Ömerli District Savur District Yeşilli District Demographics Mardin Province is a linguistically, ethnically and religiously diverse province. The dominant ethnic groups are Arabs, Assyrians and Kurds of which Kurds constitute a majority. Other minor groups include Armenians, Chechens and Turks, while Jews lived in the area before migrating to Israel around 1948. The Chechens settled in the region during the Russo-Turkish War in 1877/1878. The distinctive Mhallami community also reside in the district. The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan. In 1990, it was estimated that Kurds constituted 75% of the population. Social relations Social relations between Arabs and Kurds have historically been difficult with hostility, prejudice and stereotypes but have in recent years improved. Arabs with Assyrians did not take part in the Kurdish–Turkish conflict and the position of the two groups have been described as being 'submissive' to the Turkish state, creating distrust between them and the Kurds. Kurds perceived Arabs as spies for the state and local Arabs in Mardin city tended to exclude and dominate local politics in the city. Arabs started losing their grip on Mardin city in the 2010s and the Kurdish BDP won the city in the local elections in 2014. Mardin city had previously been governed by pro-state parties supported by local Arabs. Despite the difficult relations, Arab families have since the 1980s joined the Kurdish cause, and Arab and Assyrian politicians from Mardin are found in Peoples' Democratic Party including Mithat Sancar and Februniye Akyol. Language In the first Turkish census in 1927, Kurdish and Arabic were the first language for and of the population, respectively. Turkish stood as the third largest language at . In the 1935 census, Kurdish and Arabic remained the two most spoken languages for and of the population, respectively. Turkish remained as the third largest language at . In the 1945 census, Kurdish stood at , Arabic at and Turkish at . In 1950, the numbers were , and for Kurdish, Arabic and Turkish, respectively. The same numbers were ,