rival was the de facto king of southern France, Charles VII, who claimed the succession of his father in 1422, although he was not crowned until the recapture of Reims in 1429. After 1453, the only remaining English holding in France was Calais. Henry, though deposed in England by Edward IV on 4 March 1461, continued to be recognised as king by supporters of the House of Lancaster, and was briefly restored to the English throne in 1470. Rulers of Calais and the Channel Islands Following a year-long episode of catatonia on the part of Henry VI of England in 1453 and the subsequent outbreak of the Wars of the Roses (1455–87), the English were no longer in any position to pursue their claim to the French throne and lost all their land on the continent, except for Calais (and, off the mainland but within ancient France, the Channel Islands). Calais was ruled by eight more English monarchs, who claimed to also rule France, until 1558: Edward IV (4 March 1461 – 30 October 1470; 11 April 1471 – 9 April 1483). Edward V (9 April – 25 June 1483). Richard III (26 June 1483 – 22 August 1485). Henry VII (22 August 1485 – 21 April 1509). Henry VIII (21 April 1509 – 28 January 1547). Edward VI (28 January 1547 – 6 July 1553). Jane (6/10 – 19 July 1553), de facto monarch. Mary I (19 July 1553 – 7 January 1558). Philip (jure uxoris; 25 July 1554 – 7 January 1558). No treaty has ever explicitly taken the Channel Islands out of the Kingdom of France. The Treaty of Paris of 1259 separated the islands from the Duchy of Normandy but reaffirmed the fact that the king of England was holding them "as peer of France". The kings of France maintained a claim over the islands. But they remained under the control of the English kings who ruled them in their quality of "kings of France" until the 1802 Treaty of Amiens. There were a few unsuccessful attempts by the French to take the islands, culminating with the Battle of Jersey in 1781. Tudor claimants Ill feeling between the two nations continued well into the 16th century. Calais was captured by French troops under Francis, Duke of Guise on 7 January 1558. Mary and Philip continued, however, to be styled Queen and King of France for the