Vinhais (; ) is a municipality in the district of Bragança, northern Portugal. The population in 2011 was 9,066, in an area of 694.76 km2. The present mayor is Américo Afonso Pereira, elected by the Socialist Party. The municipal holiday is May 20. Parishes The municipality is composed of 26 parishes: Agrochão Candedo Celas Curopos e Vale de Janeiro Edral Edrosa Ervedoa Moimenta e Montouto Nunes e Ousilhão Paçó Penhas Juntas Quirás e Pinheiro Novo Rebordelo Santalha Sobreiró de Baixo e Alvaredos Soeira, Fresulfe e Mofreita Travanca e Santa Cruz Tuizelo Vale das Fontes Vila Boa de Ousilhão Vila Verde Vilar de Lomba e São Jomil Vilar de Ossos Vilar de Peregrinos Vilar Seco de Lomba Vinhais Geography The northern boundary of the municipality extends to the border with Spain, 23 km away. It is perched on the slopes of the Coroa mountains at an altitude of approximately 600 meters, protected from the cold winds of the north by the Ciradelha mountain, where in remote times there was a Luso-Roman castro. On the south side is the Tuela River valley. There are three other rivers in the concelho: the Rabaçal, the Mente, and the Baceiro. They are relatively unpolluted and provide fish for locals and tourists. The Baceiro has a trout hatchery which is deactivated but will be reopened soon. The Castle of Vinhais is a protected public interest. History This ancient town, older than the founding of Portugal, owes its name to the abundance of vineyards that covered the slopes and produced excellent wine. Today the production of wine has almost disappeared. In the time of the Romans there was a settlement called Veniatia, through which passed the road that linked Braga to Astorga. Suebi, Visigoths, Vandals, and Moors all were present in the region. One of the first kings of Portugal, Sancho II had a castle and walls built, around which grew a small town soon to be called Vinhaes. This town was nicknamed Rich Town, because of the abundance of its wine, linen, silk, and wool. Several times occupied by the Castilians it became part of Portugal again in 1403. In 1659 a Spanish general invaded the region and besieged Vinhais with 1,700 men. The castle resisted and the enemy retreated across the border, burning all the houses outside the walls as well as all the villages they passed through. After the fall of the monarchy in