and in 1955, and , and in 1960. In the last Turkish census in 1965, Kurdish remained the largest language spoken by of the population, while Arabic remained the second largest language at and Turkish stood at . A 2018 estimate put the Kurdish language at 70%, Arabic at 30% and Syriac at 1%. Religion In the Ottoman yearbook of 1894–1895, Mardin Sanjak had a population of 34,361 and adhered to Islam. The largest religious minority was Syriac Orthodox Assyrians who comprised of the population, followed by Catholic Armenians at , Catholic Assyrians at , Protestants at and Chaldeans at . Muslims comprised of the population in 1927, while Christians of various denominations stood at and Jews at . In 1935, Muslims comprised of the population, while Christians remained the second largest minority at . The Jewish population declined to 72 individuals from 490 in 1927. In 1945, of the population was Muslim, while Christians were of the population. The same numbers were and in 1955. In 1960, Muslims constituted and Christians remained at . Same numbers were and in 1965. It was estimated that 25,000 Assyrian members of the Syriac Orthodox Church still lived in the province in 1979. Only 4,000 Assyrians remained in the province in 2020, most having migrated to Europe or Istanbul since the 1980s. Economy In Mardin agriculture is an important branch accounting for 70% of the provinces income. Bulgur, lentils or wheat and other grains are produced. In the capital, there are many civil servants, mostly Turks. Close markets for foreign trade are Syria and Iraq. History The first known civilization were the Subarian-Hurrians who were then succeeded in 3000 BCE by the Hurrians. The Elamites gained control around 2230 BCE and were followed by the Babylonians, Hittites, Assyrians, Romans and Byzantines. The local Assyrians/Syriacs, while reduced due to the Assyrian genocide and Kurdish-Turkish conflict, hold on to two of the oldest monasteries in the world, Dayro d-Mor Hananyo (Turkish Deyrülzafaran, English Saffron Monastery) and Deyrulumur Monastery. The Christian community is concentrated on the Tur Abdin plateau and in the town of Midyat, with a smaller community (approximately 200) in the provincial capital. After the foundation of Turkey, the province has been a target of a Turkification policy, removing most traces of a non-turkish heritage. Inspectorate General In 1927 the office of the Inspector general was created, which governed with martial law. The province