Landser () was a German neo-Nazi rock band. Landser is an old-fashioned German colloquialism for a low-ranking soldier. The band, who are outlawed in Germany, were previously called (Final Solution), and were founded by members of the neo-Nazi group (The Vandals – Aryan Germanic Combat Association), which was founded in 1982 in the former German Democratic Republic. They performed only one concert that was open to the public, and did so wearing masks. However, they held several private concerts in restaurants in Berlin, Germany. Landser had their CDs manufactured abroad, mainly in the United States, Canada and Eastern Europe. The music is distributed online, by underground dealers through peer-to-peer networks or purchased from music labels in the United States and in some European countries where their music is legal (mostly in Eastern Europe and the United Kingdom). History Michael Reneger, Landser's singer and guitarist, started a gang of neo-Nazi rockers called Vandalen in East Berlin in 1982. The Vandalen advocated a return to Odinism. In 1991, the band that would become Landser were formed by Soren B (vocals and guitar), Andreas L (bass) and Horst S (drums). This proto-Landser were non-political and played covers of German and English songs. Regener replaced Soren in early 1992 and named the group Endlosung, then Landser. Landser's first major release was (The Reich Will Rise Again) in September 1992. Shortly after its release, Landser played their only public concert, wearing masks. Their other albums include (Republic of Rascals, 1995), (Rock against the Top 1997) and (Engage the Enemy, 2000), which includes a remake of the 1940 German military march , retitled . The song "Rudolf Hess" from glorifies Nazi Rudolf Hess as a martyr and, in Michael Regener, the band's leader, pays tribute to his grandfather, who was a Waffen-SS officer. The track ("Sold and Betrayed") from compares life in East Germany, where Regener was born, to life in modern Germany. In it, he says that he "can still see the snipers lurking in the watchtowers" and at the end, he exclaims that he has been "sold out and betrayed by the fucking democrats". Most of their songs espouse an aggressively nationalist perspective of the world and are highly critical of the Federal Republic of Germany, its surveillance and censorship agencies (i.e. the ), liberalism and the Left. A number of songs speak against communists, pedophiles and homosexuals, as well as ethnic minorities in