convenience to the contractors. This included changes in rubber sole composition (reducing the janitorial load by reducing the tell-tale 'marking' of linoleum floors), and use of waterproof Poron linings instead of the left-overs from 1942 Saran ventilating in-soles. The 'improved' version of the footwear retain their two-way water 'drain' eyelets, so water is sucked into the boot, soaking the open-cell Poron in-soles in constant contact with the bottom of the foot. British forces use Saran insoles in their footwear because they like its insulating properties. Increasing use of the jungle boot as a general-purpose combat boot wrought further 'improvements'. To use up left-over stock, the issue boot's Dobie sole reverted to a Vibram sole in the 1980s. However, the Vibram sole, while suitable for rocks, sand, or other hard terrain, lacked the mud-clearing qualities of Dobie's sole, and was inferior in jungles or swamps. Other 'improvements' were made to lower the costs to tax-payers. By the late 1980s, thousands of incidents of field destruction were reported by troopers, including heel blowouts and loss of water drains (screened eyelets) from poor materials/poor quality control. Today, Altama Footwear and Wellco Footwear are two American manufacturers of American military jungle footwear. Altama began manufacturing boots for the military near the end of American involvement in Vietnam, in 1969, supplying the military with footwear. Wellco gained the first tax-payers contract for boots in 1965. These companies manufacture footwear with waterproof insoles and Vibram or Dobie outsoles with green cotton/nylon uppers and conventional eyelets, and manufacture an 'improved' version with a black Cordura upper and a Speedlace-and-eyelet lacing 'system'. Atalaia manufactures jungle footwear for the Brazilian Army. McRae boots of North Carolina produces the original green cotton boot and the black nylon boot in the US. In 2005, the United States Marine Corps retired the black jungle boots from front-line military service, and replaced them with two versions of a new tan rough-out leather combat boot. One version, called the Temperate or Infantry Combat Boot, has an inner waterproof Gore-Tex lining. The Temperate boot is an effort to keep moisture out of the boot because, after the interior is wet, moisture tends to remain there. The lining limits air exchange, limiting its use to environments with temperatures of 98 °F or less. Another version, the Hot Weather Boot, eliminates the lining while retaining the vents. The US Army and US Air Force removed the black