The Laestadian church arrived in North America with Nordic (especially Finnish and Sami) immigrants in the latter half of the 19th century, many of whom came to work in the copper mines of the Keweenaw Peninsula. Some of these new immigrants found themselves in conflict with older, established immigrants from the same countries, being generally poorer and less established, and hewing to the new, fundamentalist teachings of Lars Levi Laestadius, a Swedish-Sami preacher and botanist born in Arjeplog, Sweden. Laestadian congregations separate from the extant Scandinavian Lutheran churches were formed in Cokato, Minnesota, in 1872 and in Calumet, Michigan, in 1873. Groups in the Americas in 2013 There are a total of 171,000 Laestadians in the world, with 26,000 of these being based in the Americas. Firstborn laestadianism ("Esikoinens") – 10,000 members in the United States (Old Apostolic Lutheran Church) Little firstborn group – (Rauhan Sana group) (Federation) ("Mickelsons") 6,000 members in the United States and Canada (Apostolic Lutheran Church of America), and in Guatemala Conservative laestadianism – ("Heidemans") 5,000 members in the United States and Canada (Laestadian Lutheran Church), and in Ecuador Torola group – 4,000 members in the United States (First Apostolic Lutheran Church) Reedites (pollarites) – 3,500 members in the United States (Independent Apostolic Lutheran Church) Aunesites – 550 members in the United States (The Apostolic Lutheran Church) Grace Apostolic Lutheran Church – about 200 members in South Carolina Davidites – 40 members in the United States Melvinites – 20 members in the United States Terminology Each congregation generally has a name they call themselves, which frequently differs from the name used in this article. In particular, First Apostolic adherents would recoil at being labelled "Laestadian" because for them, "Laestadians" are the opposing side of the 1973 schism. In the interest of editorial clarity, this article uses an internally consistent naming scheme which differs from the names congregations apply to themselves. The term "Laestadian" is used as an umbrella to refer to all churches with a clear succession of belief from the teachings of Lars Levi Laestadius. The respective branches of Laestadian churches recognize their roots with the teachings of Lars Levi Laestadius to varying degrees. The Old Apostolic Lutheran Church, for example, will read a postilla (sermon) of Laestadius along with a text from the Bible with every church service. In contrast, the Pollari congregations do not recognize Laestadius in any of their liturgy and he