Senate, anyone appointed by the President, anyone whose position was determined to be of a confidential, policy-determining, policy-making, or policy-advocating character by the President or the Office of Personnel Management, members of the Foreign Service, employees of the Central Intelligence Agency or Government Accountability Office, and many employees of the Postal Service, Postal Regulatory Commission, Panama Canal Commission, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and intelligence components of the Department of Defense. These employees have no right to external appeals. Legal basis From 5 U.S.C. § 2103: (a) For the purpose of this title, the excepted service consists of those civil service positions which are not in the competitive service or the Senior Executive Service. (b) As used in other Acts of the United States Congress, “unclassified civil service” or “unclassified service” means the “excepted service”. Hiring authorities A hiring authority is the law, executive order, or regulation that allows an agency to hire a person into the federal civil service. Office of Personnel Management schedules Some service positions are classified by the Office of Personnel Management into lettered categories, although not all excepted service authorities fall into this classification: Schedule A appointments are "impracticable to examine". They are used to appoint specific position types such as attorneys, chaplains, physicians; when there is a critical hiring need or the position is in a remote location; and to hire disabled applicants. In addition to this, as of 2016, there were 122 agency-unique Schedule A hiring authorities. Schedule B appointments are "not practicable to hold a competitive examination". Schedule B appointees must meet the qualification standards for the job. As of 2016, there were 36 agency-unique Schedule B hiring authorities. Schedule C appointments are political appointments to confidential or policy-setting positions. Schedule D appointments are those where competitive service requirements "make impracticable the adequate recruitment of sufficient numbers". These are known as the Pathways Programs, which consist of the Internship Program, Recent Graduates Program, and Presidential Management Fellows Program. Schedule E appointments are administrative law judges. Schedule F appointments were a short-lived and never-implemented category designed to apply to "confidential, policy-determining, policy-making, or policy-advocating positions." Schedules A and B were created by the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883, Schedule C was created in 1956, and Schedule D was created in 2012. Schedule E was created in 2018. Schedule F was created in October 2020 and repealed in