DSM-IV codes are the classification found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision, also known as DSM-IV-TR, a manual published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) that includes almost all currently recognized mental health disorders. The DSM-IV codes are thus used by mental health professionals to describe the features of a given mental disorder and indicate how the disorder can be distinguished from other, similar problems. The coding system utilized by the DSM-IV is designed to correspond with codes from the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, commonly referred to as the ICD-9-CM. Since early versions of the DSM did not correlate with ICD codes and updates of the publications for the ICD and the DSM are not simultaneous, some distinctions in the coding systems may still be present. For this reason, it is recommended that users of these manuals consult the appropriate reference when accessing diagnostic codes Note that NOS is an abbreviation for Not Otherwise Specified, indicating a cluster of symptoms that do not clearly fit in any single diagnostic category. NOS is often a provisional diagnosis pending additional information or testing. For an alphabetical list, see DSM-IV codes (alphabetical). Disorders usually first diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence Mental retardation 317 Mild mental retardation 318.0 Moderate mental retardation 318.1 Severe mental retardation 318.2 Profound mental retardation 319 Mental retardation; severity unspecified Learning disorders 315.00 Reading disorder 315.1 Mathematics disorder 315.2 Disorder of written expression 315.9 Learning disorder NOS Motor skills disorders 315.4 Developmental coordination disorder Communication disorders 315.31 Expressive language disorder 315.32 Mixed receptive-expressive language disorder 315.39 Phonological disorder 307.0 Stuttering 307.9 Communication disorder NOS Pervasive developmental disorders 299.00 Autistic Disorder 299.80 Rett's Disorder 299.10 Childhood Disintegrative Disorder 299.80 Asperger Syndrome 299.80 PDD-NOS Attention-deficit and disruptive behavior disorders Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder 314.01 Combined subtype 314.01 Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive subtype 314.00 Predominantly inattentive subtype 314.9 Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder NOS Conduct disorder 312.81 Childhood onset 312.82 Adolescent onset 312.89 Unspecified onset 313.81 Oppositional Defiant Disorder 312.9 Disruptive Behavior Disorder NOS Feeding and eating disorders of infancy or early childhood 307.52 Pica 307.53 Rumination disorder 307.59 Feeding disorder of infancy or early childhood Tic disorders 307.23 Tourette's Disorder 307.22 Chronic motor or vocal tic disorder 307.21 Transient tic disorder 307.20 Tic disorder NOS Elimination disorders 307.6 Enuresis (not due to a general medical condition) 307.7 Encopresis, without constipation and overflow incontinence 787.6 Encopresis,