Adam Daniel Rotfeld (Polish pronunciation: ; born 4 March 1938) is a Polish researcher, diplomat, and former Minister of Foreign Affairs of Poland from 5 January 2005 until 31 October 2005 when a change of government took place. He served earlier as the deputy foreign minister. While in that position, Rotfeld established the Warsaw Reflection Group on the UN Reform and the Transformation of the Euro-Atlantic Security Institutions, with participation from leading US and European experts and politicians. From 1991 up to 2002 he served as Director of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) and in 1989–1991 project leader on Building a Cooperative Security System in and for Europe at SIPRI. Life Rotfeld was born in Przemyślany near Lwów, Poland (now Lviv, Ukraine). He survived the Holocaust in the Univ Lavra, a monastery of the Studite Brethren. During the war he was among people who received the Paraguayan citizenship certificate issued by Ładoś Group. Rotfeld was married to Barbara Sikorska-Rotfeld (died in 2006) and has one daughter, Alicja, born in 1971. Rotfeld studied international law and diplomacy in Warsaw (1955–1960). He wrote his PhD dissertation on the right of self-determination of people in modern international law at the Jagiellonian University, Kraków which he defended in 1969. Later, habilitation on European Security in Statu Nascendi. He was appointed professor at Warsaw University by the President of Poland in 2001. Professional activities From 1961, Rotfeld worked as a researcher at the Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM, the acronym formed from the Polish name). He was a member of the UN Secretary General Advisory Board on Disarmament Matters from 2006 to 2011, and its chair in 2008; member of the NATO Expert Group on the New Strategic Concept of Alliance (2009-2010), and since 2010 Commissioner of the Euro-Atlantic Security Commission, member of the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR). After 1989, he has served as leader of the Project on Building a Co–operative Security System in and for Europe at the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). He was appointed as Director of SIPRI from 1 July 1991 and re–elected in 1996 for a second term, lasting until June 2002. He is a member of many consultative bodies and scientific councils, including the Institute of Political Studies at the Polish Academy of Sciences. He is co-chairman of Polish-Russian Group on Difficult Matters. He has participated in many multilateral negotiations and conferences