deceased members, ancestors, the physical houses, the land associated with the physical houses, the animals of the house, and all the physical belongings of the house. The head of the house is responsible for making leadership and financial decisions for the house and leadership is passed down completely when the previous head dies or partially when the previous head is unable to carry out the responsibilities as the head of the house. The house can only be inherited by one person as not to divide the house and the head may choose anyone to pass the house on to, regardless of age or gender, though it is almost always passed down to the oldest son. Marriages were traditionally arranged and the goal of the family of the bride was to marry her into a house of greater prestige than their own. Marriages were arranged with a neutral intermediary and the bride's family gave a dowry, which often consisted of livestock or agricultural products, but never land. Vaqueiros are traditionally endogamous within their ethnic group, only marrying other Vaqueiros, and exogamous between houses, only marrying outside the house. Vaqueiro houses have names which are separate from their surnames. Outside the house, Vaqueiros are called by the name of their house, and at their death, the name of their house along with the name of their braña is listed on their grave alongside their given name and surnames. Music The most popular form of Vaqueiro music is , verses usually arranged into 3/8 or 6/8 time and characterized by complex rhythms on the , a traditional frame drum. A popular instrument unique to the Vaqueiros is the or , an iron pan whose long handle is stroked with a large metal key to create sound, usually played by a Vaqueira elder. Language Traditionally, Vaqueiros speak their own dialect of Asturleonese which is most similar to Paḷḷuezu, save for the easternmost Vaqueiros that migrate between Torrestío and speak their own dialect which more closely resembles a central dialect of Asturleonese. The che vaqueira (es), is characteristic of the Vaqueiro dialect and it is named after the Vaqueiros. Today, most Vaqueiros speak Spanish. Agriculture & cuisine Nomadic Vaqueiros participated in subsistence farming and engage in swidden agriculture, an uncommon practice in Spain. Vaqueiros commonly grow clover, wheat, alfalfa, rye, maize, and potatoes. The introduction of maize greatly impacted Vaqueiro agriculture for maize grows faster