or as an accident of war if either side attempted to contend for control of the territory. Chisholm led a band of refugees to the western part of the territory. For some time, they suffered privation, as the trade had dried up during the war, as well. At the end of the war, he settled permanently near present-day Kingfisher, Oklahoma, and again began to trade into Indian Territory. He built up what had been a military and Indian trail into a road capable of carrying heavy wagons for his goods. This road later became known as Chisholm's Trail. When the Texas-to-Kansas cattle drives started, the users of the trail renamed it the Chisholm Trail. Death and legacy Chisholm died on March 4, 1868, at his last camp near Left Hand Spring (now Oklahoma), due to food poisoning. He was buried there. In 1974 Chisholm was inducted into the Hall of Great Westerners. His grave site in Blaine County is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Family Tree References Further reading An unverified transcription is available on line. 1868 deaths Chisholm, Jesse Chisholm, Jesse Pre-statehood history of Oklahoma American people of Scottish descent 19th-century American people Year of birth uncertain