Words for the new ideas introduced by Spaniards were often borrowed into Keres directly from Early Modern Spanish, and a large number of these persists in Modern Keresan. Proto-language Selected Proto-Keresan reconstructions of plants, animals, and toponyms by Miller and Davis (1963): {| class="wikitable sortable" ! no. !! gloss !! Proto-Keresan |- | 10 || wheat || *ʔáṣánɪ |- | 17 || centipede || *ʔíʔìˑdʸawa |- | 19 || cholla cactus || *ʔiˑbánɪ |- | 27 || porcupine || *ʔiˑṣ̍á |- | 45 || toad || *bêˑrak̠ᴀ |- | 63 || turkey || *cinᴀ |- | 64 || fox || *cúsk̠ɪ |- | 71 || locust || *c̍íˑga |- | 72 || Zia Pueblo || *c̍íˑy̍á |- | 78 || kiva || *c̆ídʸá |- | 83 || medicine man || *č̇áyâˑni |- | 84 || hawk || *č̇ɨ́ˑríga |- | 85 || horned toad || *dabínᴜsk̠ᴀ |- | 87 || Santa Ana Pueblo || *dámáyá |- | 88 || squash || *dâˑni |- | 91 || corn husk || *díˑskámí |- | 93 || dog || *díyᴀ |- | 98 || bobcat || *dʸáˑdʸᴜ |- | 101 || deer || *dʸán̍é |- | 104 || gourd || *dʸáˑwí |- | 105 || piñon pine || *dʸèic̠ɪ |- | 108 || elk || *dʸɨ́ˑṣᴀ |- | 110 || badger || *dʸúˑbí |- | 112 || beans || *gánami |- | 114 || seed || *gáwɪc̠ɪ |- | 119 || bear || *gúháyᴀ |- | 124 || yucca || *háʔásc̐á |- | 127 || oak || *ha̍ˑbánɪ |- | 137 || pine tree || *hâˑniˑ |- | 147 || Jemez Pueblo || *héˑmíšíˑ-cɪ, *héˑmíšíˑ-zé |- | 149 || turtle || *héyᴀdʸɪ |- | 157 || willow || *híẓᵻsk̍áwa |- | 158 || dove || *húˑʔùˑga |- | 161 || yucca fruit || *hùˑsk̍ani |- | 169 || antelope || *kɨ́ˑc̠ɪ |- | 175 || wolf || *k̍ákana |- | 176 || spider || *k̍ámᴀsk̠ᵻ |- | 198 || mountain lion || *mûˑk̍aiẓᴀ |- | 200 || buffalo || *múšêiẓᴀ |- | 201 || soapweed || *múšɪ |- | 213 || hummingbird || *m̍îˑzᴀ |- | 225 || prairie dog || *nɨ́t̠ɪ |- | 232 || bedbug || *peséc̍uru |- | 239 || salamander || *p̍águra |- | 241 || rabbit || *rèˑdʸᴀ |- | 246 || woodpecker || *sbíga |- | 247 || chicken || *sbíˑná |- | 251 || meadowlark ||