Talib becomes the fourth caliph. 10 December— Battle of the Camel outside Basra between forces loyal to Ali and dissidents. Decisive victory for Ali. 657: Ali shifts the capital from Medina to Kufa. Battle of Siffin in the late spring or early summer between Alli's and Muawiyah's forces. 658: Ali scores a major victory against the Kharijites at the Battle of Nahrawan. 659: Conquest of Egypt by Muawiyah I. 659/60: The Syrians pledge their allegiance to Muawiyah as caliph. 660: Ali recaptures Hijaz and Yemen from Muawiyah. Muawiyah I declares himself as the caliph at Damascus. 661: 29 January— Ali, fourth Caliph, is assassinated in Kufa, reportedly by Kharijites. He is buried in Najaf, Iraq. Muawiyah marches on Kufa and wins the acceptance of most of Ali's remaining supporters, marking the end of the Fitna. 662: Kharijites' revolts. 666: Muawia bin Hudeij raids Sicily. Abdu'l-Rahman ibn Abu Bakr, Muhammad ibn Maslamah and Ramlah bint Abi Sufyan dies. 669: Hasan ibn Ali, the second Imam of the Shiites died. Husayn ibn Ali becomes Imam of Ali ibn Abi Talib's followers. 670: Advance in North Africa. Uqba bin Nafe founds the town of Kairouan in Tunisia. Conquest of Kabul. 672: Capture of the island of Rhodes. Muslims invade Khurasan. 674: The Muslims cross the Oxus. Bukhara becomes a vassal state. 676: Muhammad al-Baqir, the fifth imam of the Shiites is born. 677: Occupation of Samarkand and Tirmiz. Siege of Constantinople. 680: 28 April— Death of Muawiyah. Yazid I becomes caliph. 680: 10 October— Battle of Karbala and Husayn bin Ali is killed along with his companions. Ali ibn Husayn becomes Imam of Ali ibn Abi Talib's followers. 682: North Africa Uqba bin Nafe marches to the Atlantic, is ambushed and killed at Biskra. The Muslims evacuate Kairouan and withdraw to Burqa. 683: 11 November— Death of Yazid I. Muawiya II becomes caliph. 684: June— Muawiya II abdicated. 684: Abd Allah ibn Zubayr declares himself as the caliph at Mecca. Marwan I becomes the caliph at Damascus. Battle of Marj Rahit. 685: Death of Marwan I. Abd al-Malik becomes the caliph at Damascus. Battle of 'Ayn al-Warda. 686: Al-Mukhtar declares himself as the caliph at Kufa. 687: Battle of Kufa between the forces of Mukhtar and Abd Allah ibn Zubayr. Mukhtar killed. 691: Battle of Maskin. Kufa falls to Abd al-Malik. 692: October— The fall of Mecca. Death of ibn Zubayr. Abdul Malik