active "Fenian". Milligan resigned in solidarity and, working out of the offices of Robert-Johnston's timber yard, they launched their own independent monthly The Shan Van Vocht, producing forty issues. Leading literary revivalist Padraic Colum attributed its comparative success to "a freshness that came from its femininity". Carberry (still Johnston) and Milligan were joined as prominent contributors by Alice Furlong, Katherine Tynan, Margaret Pender and Nora Hopper. The first issue, January 1896, gave an early platform to socialist republican James Connolly. On 22 August 1901 she married Seumas MacManus (1867–1960), a contributor and moved with him to Revlin House, just outside Donegal Town in County Donegal in the west of Ulster. It was then that she began writing under the pen name of Ethna Carbery because once she took the last name of MacManus she didn't want to be confused with her husband (also a writer). Carbery died in Revlin House of gastritis on 2 April 1902, aged 37. Her husband, who was three years her junior, outlived her by 58 years. Although MacManus and Johnston were only married for one year her impact on his life ran deep. Her poetry was published by her husband after her death in The Four Winds of Erin, which was phenomenally successful over the next few years. Some further volumes followed. He also wrote a memoir dedicated to her. At the fiftieth anniversary of her death, a public address was given by Sinead de Valera in which she stated that "Among women poets Ethna Carbery would always hold the foremost place and, even though her life was short, it was full of devotion and idealism" (Irish Press 2/4/1952). Works The Four Winds of Eirinn (1902) - poems The Passionate Hearts (1903) - stories In the Celtic Past (1904) - hero tales We Sang for Ireland: Poems of Ethna Carbery, Séamus MacManus, Alice Milligan (1950) - poetry The Love-Talker - poetry Death of Sweet Roses - poetry See also List of Irish writers References External links The Four Winds of Eirinn: Poems by Ethna Carbery Dublin: M. H. Gill And Son, Ltd. Jas. Duffy And Co., Ltd. 1906 at A Celebration of Women Writers Carbery's bio and picture The Story of Seamus MacManus - Emerald Reflections - June 2008 The Shan Van Vocht Online at the UCD Digital Library at University College Dublin 1864 births 1902 deaths Irish folklorists Women folklorists Irish women poets People