selling amateur paintings, mostly watercolours, for meagre sustenance until he left Vienna for Munich in May 1913 (see also, Paintings by Adolf Hitler). During the Austrian Anschluss to Nazi Germany from 1938–1945, the academy, like other Austrian universities, was forced to purge its staff and student body of Jews and others that fell under the purview of the Nuremberg Racial Laws. After World War II, the academy was reconstituted in 1955 and its autonomy reconfirmed. Eduard von Josch, the secretary of the Academy, was dismissed for being a member of the NSDAP. The academy has had university status since 1998, but retained its original name. It is currently the only Austrian university without the word "university" in its name. Structure The academy is divided into the following institutes: Institute for Fine Arts, which houses thirteen departments: Abstract Painting; Art and Digital Media; Art and Photography; Arts and Research; Conceptual Art; Contextual Painting; Expanded Pictorial Space; Figurative Painting; Graphic Arts and Printmaking Techniques; Object Sculpture; Performative Art - Sculpture; Video and Video-installation; Textual Sculpture Institute for Art Theory and Cultural Studies (art theory, philosophy, history); Institute for Conservation and Restoration; Institute for Natural Sciences and Technologies in Art; Institute for Secondary School Teaching Degrees (craft, design, textile arts); Institute for Art and Architecture. The Academy currently has about 900 students, almost a quarter of which are foreign students. Its faculty includes "stars" such as Peter Sloterdijk. Its library houses about 110,000 volumes and its "etching cabinet" (Kupferstichkabinett) has about 150,000 drawings and prints. The collection is one of the biggest in Austria, and is used for academic purposes, although portions are also open to the general public. Notable alumni Other students and professors Karl Aigen (1684–1762), student, director and professor Oz Almog, (born 1956) Alois Arnegger (1879–1963) Joannis Avramidis (1922–2016) Peter Behrens (1868–1940) Sabeth Buchmann (born 1962) Menci Clement Crnčić (1865–1930) Konstantin Danil (1802–1873) Saeed Danosian (1979–1985) Diedrich Diederichsen (born 1957) Andrea Maria Dusl (born 1961) Thomas Ender (1793–1875) Harun Farocki (1944–2014) Anselm Feuerbach (1829–1880), professor (1873) Emil Fuchs (1866–1929) Ernst Fuchs (1930–2015) Peter Johann Nepomuk Geiger (1805–1880), professor Richard Gerstl (1883–1908) Edwin Grienauer (1893–1964) Gottfried Helnwein (born 1948) F. Scott Hess (born 1955) Clemens Holzmeister (1886–1983) Friedensreich Hundertwasser (1928–2000) Li Hua (born 1980) Greta Kempton, (1901–1991) Anton Lehmden (1929–2018) Maximilian Liebenwein (1869–1926) Leopold Matzal (1890–1956) Franz Anton Maulbertsch (1724–1796) Ludwig Merwart (1913–1979) Joseph Mössmer (1780–1845) Caspar Neher (1897–1962) Gustav Peichl