first two weeks produced 750, and there were 2,500 subscribers in the first year. Father Coughlin’s radio talks were selected by the IPA for analysis since they represented "a fairly typical borrowing of foreign anti-democracy propaganda methods by an American propagandist." Seven tricks of the propagandist were outlined and illustrated by reference to the radio talks in a book The Fine Art of Propaganda, edited by Alfred McClung Lee and Elizabeth Briant Lee. As Clyde Miller explained in the Preface, "So far as individuals are concerned, the art of democracy is the art of thinking and discussing independently together." The book is presented as a "candid and impartial study of the devices and apparent objectives of specialists in the distortion of public opinions." Chapters four through ten described the following propaganda tricks: Name-calling Glittering generalities Transfer Testimonial Plain folks Card stacking Bandwagon Publications To get their message across, the IPA distributed flyers, wrote several issues of the Propaganda Analysis Bulletin, and published a series of books, including: Violet Edwards (1938) Group Leader's Guide to Propaganda Analysis Alfred McClung Lee & Elizabeth Briant Lee (1939) The Fine Art of Propaganda James A. Wechsler & Harold Lavine (1940) War Propaganda and the United States, reprinted 1972 by Garland Publishing Propaganda Analysis Propaganda: How To Recognize and Deal With It The bulletin Propaganda Analysis indirectly targeted the mass public through newspapers, educators, public officials, and thought leaders. The IPA directly targeted the presidents and deans of national colleges, bishops and ministers, educational and religious periodicals, and education students by sending out flyers. These "ABCs of Propaganda Analysis" encouraged readers to understand and analyze their own views on propagandistic material in order to promote informed, thought-provoking discussions: Ascertain the conflict element in the propaganda. Behold your own reaction element. Concern yourself with today's propaganda associated with today's conflicts. Doubt that your opinions are "your very own". Evaluate, therefore, with the greatest care your own propaganda. Find the facts before you come to any conclusion. Dissolution The IPA faced many allegations that undermined its purpose. These suggested that the IPA created "more of a destructive skepticism than an intelligent reflectiveness." The IPA lost support from many of its publishers and also faced internal conflicts through resignations by its board members and its troubled teachers. The approach of World War II also posed a problem. It would force the IPA not only to examine and criticize