The Federal Protective Service, or the Federal Guard Service () of the Russian Federation, official name in English Federal Guard Service of the Russian Federation, is a federal government agency concerned with the tasks related to the protection of several high-ranking state officials, mandated by the relevant law, including the President of Russia, as well as certain federal properties. It traces its origin to the USSR's Ninth Chief Directorate of the KGB and later Presidential Security Service (SBP) led by KGB general Alexander Korzhakov. On May 27, 1996, the law "On State Protection" reorganized the GUO (Glavnoye Upravlenie Okhrani) into the FSO (Federal Protection Service). Under article 7 of the law, "the President of the Russian Federation, while in office, shall not be allowed to forgo state protection." FSO includes the Russian Presidential Security Service. This president's personal security is directed by Viktor Zolotov who, according to Sergei Tretiakov, also supervises the entire FSO. The FSO includes an estimated 50,000 troops and controls the "black box" that can be used in the event of nuclear war. It reportedly uses advanced domestic technical developments. Structure and command Since May 18, 2000 and until May 26, 2016 the agency was headed by General Evgeny Murov; since May 26, 2016 the head of the service is General Dmitry Kochnev. The FSO has roughly 50,000 uniformed personnel plus several thousand plainclothed personnel and controls the Cheget that can be used in the event of global nuclear war. It also operates a secure communications system for senior government officials. The FSO is a powerful institution with a range of rights and powers, including the right to conduct searches and surveillance without warrants, make arrests, and give orders to other state agencies. The FSO is organized into the following services: Management (Director, Deputies) Presidential Security Service Security Service Commandant's Office of the Moscow Kremlin Kremlin Regiment Regiment HQ Presidential Band of the Russian Federation 1st Battalion 2nd Battalion 3rd Battalion Presidential Cavalry Escort Battalion 4th Operational Reserve Battalion Special Communications Service of Russia Engineering Support Service Housekeeping Service Special Purpose Garage Administrative service Security service in the North-West Federal District (St. Petersburg) Security service in the Caucasus (Sochi) Security service in Crimea (Simferopol) Office of central subordination Units of the FSO at official residences Office of Special Communications and Information in the Federal Districts Centers of special communications and information Special communications centers Educational and research