for severe cases. In May 2021, India was one of the first major country to remove plasma from its national COVID-19 guideline. This was after public criticism on the lack of its effectiveness and health systems burdening from leading Indian scientists including Shahid Jameel, Soumyadeep Bhaumik, Gagandeep Kang, Soumitra Pathare, and others. The World Health Organization recommended against use of plasma in COVID-19 in December 2021. Monoclonal antibodies (Casirivimab/imdevimab) were developed for the treatment of COVID-19. On June 7, 2021, the FDA approved Aducanumab, the first Alzheimer's drug in 20 years. How it works Antibodies in the antiserum bind the infectious agent or antigen. The immune system then recognizes foreign agents bound to antibodies and triggers a more robust immune response. The use of antiserum is particularly effective against pathogens which are capable of evading the immune system in their unstimulated state but are not robust enough to evade the stimulated immune system. The existence of antibodies to the agent depends on an initial survivor whose immune system, by chance, discovered a counteragent to the pathogen or a host species which carries the pathogen but does not experience its effects. Further stocks of antiserum can then be produced from the initial donor or from a donor organism that is inoculated with the pathogen and cured by some stock of pre-existing antiserum. Diluted snake venom is often used as an antiserum to give passive immunity to snake venom itself. Horses that were infected by a pathogen were vaccinated thrice in increasing sizes of the dose. The time between each vaccination varied from each horse and its health condition. Normally the horses needed a few weeks to produce the serum in the blood after the last vaccination. Even though they tried to empower the immune system of the horses during this immunization with painstaking care, most of the horses experienced appetite loss, fever, and in worse cases shock and dyspnea. The highest immunization risk for horses was the production of antiserum for snake venom. The horse was immunized with all types of snake poison at the same time because it was not always possible to know by which snake species a person had been bitten. Therefore, the serum had to immunize the subject against the venom of every snake species. In order to find the moment when most antitoxins in the blood cells of the horses is produced, frequent blood samples were