state of emergency proclaimed. ANZUS treaty signed between United States, Australia and New Zealand. Māori Women's Welfare League established. 27 December: 1951 New Zealand general election 1952 Population reaches over two million. 9 September: Rimutaka Tunnel collapses 23 July: Yvette Williams wins gold medal in Olympics 10 July: Broken Barrier film released 1953 First tour by a reigning monarch. Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay first to climb Mount Everest. Railway disaster at Tangiwai, 151 people die. 1954 New Zealand signs South East Asia Collective Defence Treaty. Gains seat on United Nations Security Council. 20 September: in midst of moral panic, the Mazengarb Report is presented. 13 November: 1954 New Zealand general election. Social Credit gets 10 percent of vote in general election, but no seats in Parliament. 1955 Pulp and paper mill opens at Kawerau. 3 November: Rimutaka rail tunnel opened. 1956 New Zealand troops sent to Malaya. Roxburgh and Whakamaru power stations in operation. 1957 17 February: Last hanging, of Walter James Bolton. Scott Base established in Ross Dependency. Court of Appeal constituted. Dairy products gain 10 years of unrestricted access to Britain. 30 November: General election, National loses election, Walter Nash leads Second Labour Government. 1958 PAYE tax introduced. Arnold Nordmeyer's "Black Budget". First geothermal electricity generated at Wairakei. First heart-lung machine used at Greenlane Hospital, Auckland. The first Temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints built in the Southern Hemisphere is opened at Hamilton 1959 Antarctic Treaty signed with other countries involved in scientific exploration in Antarctica. Auckland Harbour Bridge opened. 1960s 1960 Regular television programmes begin in Auckland. Government Service Equal Pay Act passed. 26 November: General election, National Government elected. Treasury leases New Zealand's first computer from IBM. 1961 New Zealand joins the International Monetary Fund. Capital punishment abolished for ordinary crimes such as Murder but Remains for Treason, Espionage and "crimes committed during War". 1962 New Zealand troops sent to Malaysia during confrontation with Indonesia. Western Samoa becomes independent. Sir Guy Powles becomes first Ombudsman. New Zealand Māori Council established. 11 August: Cook Strait rail ferry service begins. Taranaki gas well opens. 1963 3 July: New Zealand National Airways Corporation Flight 441 crashes in the Kaimai Ranges; 23 killed. 30 November: 1963 New Zealand general election. 1964 Marsden Point oil refinery opens at Whangarei. Auckland's population reaches half a million. Lyttelton Road Tunnel opens; at nearly 2,000m long, it was