multiple respondents are grouped together for analysis by the organisation commissioning the research, rather than interpreting the meaning of the responses given by a single subject. Uses in business Projective techniques are used extensively in people assessment; besides variants of the TAT, which are used to identify implicit motive patterns, the Behavioral Event Interview pioneered by American psychologist David McClelland and many of its related approaches (such as the Critical Incident Interview, the Behavioral Interview, and so on) is fundamentally a projective tool in that it invites someone to tell a specific story about recent actions they took, but does not ask leading questions or questions with yes or no answers. See also Albert J. Levis Blacky Pictures Test Bruno Klopfer Ernest Dichter Holtzman Inkblot Test Pareidolia The Duess Test References Footnotes Theodor W. Adorno, et al. (1964). The Authoritarian Personality. New York: John Wiley & Sons.