German, Spanish and Arabic were held across the nation. Those examinees who pass CATTI and obtain translation and interpretation certificates acquire corresponding translation and interpretation professional titles. Senior translator or interpreter – professor of translation or interpretation Level 1 translator or interpreter – associate professor of translation or interpretation Level 2 translator or interpreter – translator or interpreter Level 3 translator or interpreter – assistant translator or interpreter Relevant institutions from Australia, France, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Singapore and other countries as well as Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the region of Taiwan have established work ties with CATTI. Germany In Germany, anyone can become and call themselves an interpreter; access to this profession is not regulated, but court interpreters must be sworn in and prove their qualifications, e.g. through a recognized certificate or professional experience of several years. In order to learn and practice the necessary skills, colleges and universities offer studies in Translation and/or Interpretation Studies, primarily to/from English, but there are also Sign Language Interpretation studies. Admission to higher education, however, is highly restricted. Some states offer a State Examination title . Unlike a bachelor's or master's degree, this certificate merely certifies professional skills. Access to the exam is far easier, but requires proof of the necessary skills. For that, there are private schools that offer preparatory courses. Attending these schools is usually sufficient to prove someone's aptitude. Of course, a university or college degree is accepted, too. Furthermore, the State Examination is offered in many more languages, including German Sign Language, yet primarily to/from German. See also Interpreting notes List of translators and interpreters associations Notes References Sources Bertone, Laura: The Hidden Side of Babel: Unveiling Cognition, Intelligence and Sense. 2006, ISBN 987-21049-1-3 [Evolución, Organización intercultural] Farwick, Judith (2018). Between the Signs. How to take notes without words. Duesseldorf. Further reading External links AIIC (International Association of Conference Interpreters) website Routledge Translation Studies Portal – Interpreting Studies books The archives of the International Journal of Translation and Interpreting Research Association of Language Companies (USA) Articles containing video clips