Wagner) Gertrud, Hänsel und Gretel (Engelbert Humperdinck) Klytaemnestra, Elektra (Richard Strauss) Octavian, Der Rosenkavalier (Richard Strauss) Ortrud, Lohengrin (Richard Wagner) Contralto English equivalent: dramatic contralto Range: From about the F below middle C (F3) to the G or A two octaves above (G–A5) Description: Stylistically similar to the dramatic mezzo, just lower. Sings usually around the break between the chest voice and middle voice. Many mezzos tried their luck in these roles, yet real altos fare better. A deep, penetrating low female voice. This is a very rare voice type with a darker, richer sound than that of a typical alto. Roles: Azucena, Il trovatore (Verdi) Carmen, Carmen (Bizet) La Cieca, La Gioconda (Ponchielli) Dryade, Ariadne auf Naxos (Richard Strauss) Erda, Das Rheingold, Siegfried (Wagner) Maddalena, Rigoletto (Verdi) A norn, Götterdämmerung (Wagner) Polina, The Queen of Spades (Tchaikovsky) Schwertleite, Die Walküre (Wagner) Ulrica, Un ballo in maschera (Verdi) English equivalent: low contralto Range: From about the E below middle C (E3) to the E two octaves above (E5) Description: A low female voice. Roles: Anna, Les Troyens (Hector Berlioz) Annina, Der Rosenkavalier (Richard Strauss) Antonia's mother, Tales of Hoffmann (Jacques Offenbach) Bradamante, Alcina (Handel) Didone, Egisto (Cavalli) Gaea, Daphne (Richard Strauss) Geneviève, Pelléas et Mélisande (Claude Debussy) Hippolyta, A Midsummer Night's Dream (Britten) Marthe, Faust (Charles Gounod) Zita, Gianni Schicchi (Giacomo Puccini) Tenor / Tenor buffo English equivalent: (lyric) comic tenor. It is quite possible for a young to eventually work into the lighter category; the deciding factor will be the beauty of voice. Range: From about low C (C3) to the B an octave above middle C (B4) Roles: Monostatos, Die Zauberflöte (Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart) Pedrillo, Die Entführung aus dem Serail (Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart) English equivalent: character tenor; must have good acting abilities. Range: From about the B below low C (B2) to the C an octave above middle C (C5) English equivalent: lyric tenor Range: From about low C (C3) to the C an octave above middle C (C5) Roles: Alfredo, La traviata (Giuseppe Verdi) Almaviva, Il barbiere di Siviglia (Gioachino Rossini) Belmonte, Die Entführung aus dem Serail (Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart) Don Ottavio, Don Giovanni (Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart) Il Duca, Rigoletto (Giuseppe Verdi) Lindoro, L'italiana in Algeri (Gioachino Rossini) Nemorino, L'elisir d'amore (Gaetano Donizetti) Ramiro, La Cenerentola (Gioachino Rossini) Tamino, Die Zauberflöte (Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart) English equivalent: lyric dramatic tenor also known as Spinto Range: From about low