AAM ASRAAM and IRIS-T – replacing AIM-9 Sidewinder as short-range AAM Land vehicles: ASCOD IFV equipping the Austrian, Spanish and British armies, Puma IFV equipping the Germany army Patria AMV and GTK Boxer APCs equipping various European armies ATF Dingo, Fennek, Iveco LMV tactical vehicles used by various countries PzH 2000 – replacing M109 Paladin Naval vessels: F-100-class frigates replacing US designed Knox-class frigates in Spain, Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates in Australia and Dealey-class frigates in Norway. Type 212 submarine, equipping the German, Italian navies, Type 214 submarine equipping the Greek and Portuguese navies, equipping the Spanish Navy s and FREMM multipurpose frigates both for the French and Italian navies and LPDs, replacing s in the Netherlands and Spanish navies. France's desire for military and industrial independence has motivated its continued pursuit of high-technology projects, for example the Dassault Rafale. Multinational programmes can fail because of disagreements about price or capability. For example, while the UK terminated its collaboration with France and Italy on the next generation frigate (Horizon CNGF) and started a national Type 45 programme. However the warships will share some systems, primarily the MBDA Aster missile. Then British Prime Minister Tony Blair came under pressure from President Bill Clinton to select Raytheon's future missile to arm the Eurofighter, however the UK government selected the European Meteor air-to-air missile. Airbus Group CEO Tom Enders has called the difficulties in coordinating European investment in the A400M program a "horror", and said "I am determined, at least for my company, not to ever again walk into such a program". French President Emmanuel Macron and German Chancellor Angela Merkel have signalled their countries intention to co-operate on the development of a future combat aircraft to be produced as a replacement for Dassault Rafale and Eurofighter Typhoon. Code of Conduct on Defence Procurement The European Union has adopted a code of conduct with the objective to inject transparency and competition into the military procurement. It is administered by the EDA and under its scope are contracts under Article 346 of TFEU, of at least €1 million and with the exclusions of weapons of mass destruction, cryptographic equipment and other procurements. As of 2009 the code is adopted by Norway and all EDA members except Romania, who may join later. See also OCCAR European Border and Coast Guard Agency Common Security and Defence Policy European Defence Fund Permanent Structured Cooperation European Defence Agency