malaria, toothache, rheumatism and snake bites. The latex is used in treating coughs, throat sores and fever. Many Alstonia species are harvested for timber, called pule or pulai in Indonesia and Malaysia. Trees from the section Alstonia produce lightweight timber, while those from the sections Monuraspermum and Dissuraspermum produce heavy timber. Alstonia trees are widespread and mostly not endangered. However a few species are very rare, such as A. annamensis, A. beatricis, A. breviloba, A. stenophylla and A. guangxiensis. Species Alstonia has five distinct sections, each a monophyletic group; Alstonia, Blaberopus, Tonduzia, Monuraspermum, Dissuraspermum. Accepted species Alstonia actinophylla (A.Cunn.) K.Schum. – milkwood - New Guinea, N Australia Alstonia angustifolia A.DC. - Borneo, W Malaysia, Sumatra Alstonia angustiloba Miq. - Borneo, W Malaysia, Sumatra, Thailand, Java Alstonia annamensis (Monach.) K.Sidiyasa - Cambodia, Vietnam Alstonia balansae Guillaumin - New Caledonia Alstonia beatricis K.Sidiyasa - Waigeo I in E Indonesia Alstonia boonei De Wild. - W + C + E Africa Alstonia boulindaensis Boiteau - New Caledonia Alstonia breviloba K.Sidiyasa - Papua New Guinea Alstonia congensis Engl. - W + C Africa Alstonia constricta F.Muell. – bitterbark, quinine tree, Australian fever bark - E Australia Alstonia coriacea Pancher & S.Moore - New Caledonia Alstonia costata R.Br. - S Pacific Alstonia curtisii King & Gamble - Thailand Alstonia deplanchei Van Heurck & Müll.Arg. - New Caledonia Alstonia guangxiensis D.Fang & X.X.Chen - Guangxi in China Alstonia iwahigensis Elmer - Borneo, Palawan Alstonia lanceolata Van Heurck & Müll.Arg. - New Caledonia Alstonia lanceolifera S.Moore - New Caledonia Alstonia legouixiae Van Heurck & Müll.Arg. - New Caledonia Alstonia lenormandii Van Heurck & Müll.Arg. - New Caledonia Alstonia longifolia (A.DC.) Pichon - Mexico, Central America Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex G.Don – batino, devil tree - S China, Sri Lanka, SE Asia, New Guinea Alstonia mairei H. Léveillé - S China, N Vietnam Alstonia muelleriana Domin – jackapple, leatherjacket, milky yellowwood - New Guinea, Queensland Alstonia neriifolia D.Don - Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan Alstonia odontophora Boiteau - New Caledonia Alstonia parkinsonii (M.Gangop. & Chakrab.) Lakra & Chakrab. - Andaman Is. Alstonia parvifolia Merr. - Philippines Alstonia penangiana K.Sidiyasa - Penang Hill in Malaysia Alstonia pneumatophora Backer ex L.G.Den Berger - W Malaysia, Borneo, Sulawesi, Sumatra Alstonia quaternata Van Heurck & Müll.Arg. - New Caledonia Alstonia rostrata C.E.C.Fischer - Yunnan, Indochina, W Malaysia, Sumatra Alstonia rubiginosa K.Sidiyasa - Papua New Guinea Alstonia rupestris Kerr - Thailand Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br.