UK had previously established non-jury courts in Northern Ireland, known as Diplock Courts. Levels of jury tampering were reported in 2002 to be a "major problem" by the deputy commissioner of the London Metropolitan Police and in 2003 to be "worryingly high" in Merseyside by the then Chief Constable Norman Bettison and the then Home Secretary David Blunkett. Cases Gil Dozier, Louisiana Commissioner of Agriculture and Forestry, was charged with jury tampering while on bail and after being convicted of five felonies, including extortion and racketeering. He served nearly four years in prison. James Riddle "Jimmy" Hoffa, a trade union leader, was convicted of jury tampering in 1964. The former West Virginia Governor, William Wallace Barron was convicted of jury tampering in 1971. George Pape, a jury foreman in a 1987 trial of John Gotti, sought out Gotti's underlings, who agreed to pay him $75,000 in exchange for a not guilty vote. Pape was later convicted of jury tampering and sentenced to three years imprisonment. In 2007, an attempt to bribe a juror in a case investigating cigarette smuggling in Northern Ireland led to the retrial being heard by a judge sitting alone, the first such ruling. See also Contempt of court Embracery Obstruction of justice Witness tampering References External links Criminal Justice Act 2003. Chapter 44, Part 7. Trials on indictment without a jury What is 'jury tampering'?. Videojug. Common law legal terminology Crimes Abuse of the legal system Juries Obstruction of justice Judicial legal terminology