declaratory judgement suit against the Conan Doyle estate asking the court to acknowledge that the characters of Holmes and Watson were public domain in the U.S. The court ruled in Klinger's favour on 23 December, and the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed its decision on 16 June 2014. The case was appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, which declined to hear the case, letting the appeals court's ruling stand. This resulted in the characters from the Holmes stories being in the public domain in the U.S. The stories still under copyright due to the ruling, as of that time, were those collected in The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes other than "The Adventure of the Mazarin Stone" and "The Problem of Thor Bridge": a total of ten stories. In 2020, although the United States court ruling and the passage of time meant that most of the Holmes stories and characters were in the public domain in that country, the Doyle estate legally challenged the use of Sherlock Holmes in the film Enola Holmes in a complaint filed in the United States. The Doyle estate alleged that the film depicts Holmes with personality traits that were only exhibited by the character in the stories still under copyright. On 18 December 2020, the lawsuit was dismissed with prejudice by stipulation of all parties. The remaining ten Holmes stories moved out of copyright between 1 January 2019 and 1 January 2023, leaving the stories and characters completely in the public domain in the United States as of the latter date. Works Novels A Study in Scarlet (published November 1887 in Beeton's Christmas Annual) The Sign of the Four (published February 1890 in Lippincott's Monthly Magazine) The Hound of the Baskervilles (serialised 1901–1902 in The Strand) The Valley of Fear (serialised 1914–1915 in The Strand) Short story collections The short stories, originally published in magazines, were later collected in five anthologies: The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes (stories published 1891–1892 in The Strand) The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes (stories published 1892–1893 in The Strand) The Return of Sherlock Holmes (stories published 1903–1904 in The Strand) His Last Bow: Some Later Reminiscences of Sherlock Holmes (stories published 1908–1917) The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes (stories published 1921–1927) See also List of Holmesian studies Popular culture references to Sherlock Holmes Sherlock Holmes fandom Notes Sherlock Holmes story references Klinger, Leslie (ed.). The New Annotated Sherlock Holmes, Volume I