pulmonary barotrauma by maintaining an open airway and exhaling during the ascent. Following escape from a pressurized submarine, in which the air pressure is higher than atmospheric due to water ingress or other reasons, the crew is at risk of developing decompression sickness on return to surface pressure. An alternative escape means is via a deep-submergence rescue vehicle that can dock onto the disabled submarine, establish a seal around the escape hatch, and transfer personnel at the same pressure as the interior of the submarine. If the submarine has been pressurised the survivors can lock into a decompression chamber on the submarine rescue ship and transfer under pressure for safe surface decompression. See also Autonomous underwater vehicle Coastal submarine Columbia-class submarine Depth charge Fictional submarines Flying submarine List of ships sunk by submarines by death toll List of submarine actions List of submarine classes List of submarine museums List of submarines of World War II List of specifications of submarines of World War II List of sunken nuclear submarines Merchant submarine Nuclear navy Semi-submersible naval vessel Submarine films Submarine power cable Submarine simulator, a computer game genre Supercavitation Unmanned underwater vehicle By country List of submarine operators Australia – Collins-class submarine Bangladesh- Submarines of the Bangladesh Navy Britain – List of submarines of the Royal Navy, List of submarine classes of the Royal Navy China – Submarines of the People's Liberation Army Navy France – Submarines in the French Navy, List of submarines of the French Navy, List of French submarine classes and types Germany – List of U-boats of Germany India – Submarines of the Indian Navy Israel – Dolphin-class submarine Japan – Imperial Japanese Navy submarines, The Netherlands – List of submarines of the Netherlands Pakistan – Romania – Romanian submarines of World War II Russia – List of Soviet and Russian submarine classes, Future Russian submarines Soviet Union – Spain – List of submarines of the Spanish Navy Singapore – Turkey – List of submarines of the Turkish Navy United States – Submarines in the US Navy, List of submarines of the US Navy, List of US submarine classes, Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory Notes References Bibliography General history Histoire des sous-marins: des origines à nos jours by Jean-Marie Mathey and Alexandre Sheldon-Duplaix. (Boulogne-Billancourt: ETAI, 2002). Culture Redford, Duncan. The Submarine: A Cultural History From the Great War to Nuclear Combat (I.B. Tauris, 2010) 322 pages; focus