population is an estimate of the population in the middle of the year and not end of the year. Population growth Population growth rate -0.03% (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 143rd 0.78% (2017 est.) Life expectancy 1882-1950 Sources: Our World In Data and the United Nations. 1950-2015 Source: UN World Population Prospects Life expectancy at birth total population: 82.21 years. Country comparison to the world: 29nd male: 79.22 years female: 85.39 years (2021 est.) Infant mortality rate 3.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.). Country comparison to the world: 216th Crude death rate 9.78 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 55th Fertility The total fertility rate is the number of children born per woman. It is based on fairly good data for the entire period. Sources: Our World In Data and Gapminder Foundation. Crude birth rate 8.05 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 212th Total fertility rate 1.51 children born/woman (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 207th Mother's mean age at first birth 30.9 years (2017 est.) Age structure 0-14 years: 15.02% (male 3,861,522/female 3,650,085) 15-24 years: 9.9% (male 2,557,504/female 2,392,498) 25-54 years: 43.61% (male 11,134,006/female 10,675,873) 55-64 years: 12.99% (male 3,177,080/female 3,319,823) 65 years and over: 18.49% (male 3,970,417/female 5,276,984) (2020 est.) Median age: total: 43.9 years. Country comparison to the world: 21st male: 42.7 years female: 45.1 years (2020 est.) Vital statistics Statistics since 1900 In 2021 264,897 (78.6%) babies were born to mothers with Spanish nationality (including naturalized immigrants), 23,704 (7%) to mothers with an African nationality (including North Africa), 21,769 (6.5%) to mothers with an American nationality (both North and South America), 19,903 (5.9%) to mothers with a European nationality (both EU and non-EU countries of Europe), and 6,393 (1.9%) to mothers with an Asian nationality. Current vital statistics Employment and income Unemployment, youth ages 15–24 total: 34.3%. Country comparison to the world: 24th male: 35.2% female: 33.3% (2018 est.) Metropolitan areas The largest metropolitan areas in 2007 were: Madrid 6,489,162 Barcelona 5,375,774 Valencia 1,705,742 Seville 1,519,639 Bilbao 950,155 Málaga 897,563 Asturias (Gijón–Oviedo–Avilés) 857,079 Alicante–Elche 748,565 Zaragoza 731,803 Vigo - Pontevedra 662,412 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 616,903 Bahía de Cádiz (Cádiz–Jerez de la Frontera) 615,494 Santa Cruz de Tenerife 573,825 Murcia 563,272 Palma de Mallorca 474,035 Granada 472,638 San Sebastián 402,168 Tarragona 406,042 A Coruña 403,007 Valladolid 400,400 Santander–Torrelavega 391,480 Córdoba 323,600 Pamplona 309,631 Islands Islander population