Temple Mount in Jerusalem. 2008 – Falcon 1 becomes the first privately developed liquid-fuel ground-launched vehicle to put a payload into orbit by the RatSat mission. 2008 – The Singapore Grand Prix is held as Formula One's inaugural night race, with Fernando Alonso winning the event. Almost a year later it was revealed that Alonso's team-mate Nelson Piquet Jr. had been ordered to crash his car to help bring out the safety car and give Alonso the advantage and win. 2009 – The military junta leading Guinea attacks a protest rally, killing or wounding 1,400 people. 2012 – Somali and African Union forces launch a coordinated assault on the Somali port of Kismayo to take back the city from al-Shabaab militants. 2014 – The 2014 Hong Kong protests begin in response to restrictive political reforms imposed by the NPC in Beijing. 2016 – The 2016 South Australian blackout occurs, lasting up to three days in some areas. 2018 – The 7.5 Mw 2018 Sulawesi earthquake, which triggered a large tsunami, leaves 4,340 dead and 10,679 injured. Births Pre-1600 551 BC – Confucius, Chinese teacher, editor, politician, and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history. (d. 479 BC) 616 – Javanshir, King of Caucasian Albania (d. 680) 1494 – Agnolo Firenzuola, Italian poet and playwright (d. 1545) 1555 – Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Marshal of France (d. 1623) 1573 – Théodore de Mayerne, Swiss physician (d. 1654) 1601–1900 1605 – Ismaël Bullialdus, French astronomer and mathematician (d. 1694) 1681 – Johann Mattheson, German composer, lexicographer, and diplomat (d. 1764) 1705 – Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, English politician, Secretary of State for the Southern Department (d. 1774) 1705 – Johann Peter Kellner, German organist and composer (d. 1772) 1735 – Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton, English academic and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1811) 1746 – William Jones, English-Welsh philologist and scholar (d. 1794) 1765 – Frederick Christian II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (d. 1814) 1803 – Prosper Mérimée, French archaeologist, historian, and author (d. 1870) 1809 – Alvan Wentworth Chapman, American physician and botanist (d. 1899) 1819 – Narcís Monturiol, Spanish engineer and publisher (d. 1885) 1821 – Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs, American minister and politician (d. 1874) 1823 – Alexandre Cabanel, French painter and educator (d. 1889) 1824 – Francis Turner Palgrave, English poet and critic (d. 1897) 1836 – Thomas Crapper, English