The following is a list of articles about recurring themes in science fiction. Overarching themes First contact with aliens Artificial intelligence Machine rule/Cybernetic revolt/AI takeover Extraterrestrials in fiction End of humanity: Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction The future Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction: Apocalypses or worldwide disasters and new societies that develop after the event History Alternate history Scientific prediction of the future (e.g. psychohistory) Human fears: List of science fiction horror films Language Alien languages (e.g. Klingon, Huttese) The Sapir–Whorf Hypothesis (e.g. Babel 17, The Languages of Pao) Universal translators (e.g. Babel fish) Military/conflicts Interstellar war Weapons in science fiction Parallel worlds or multiverse Philosophies and philosophical ideas Political ideas Religious ideas Sex and sexuality LGBT themes Gender Reproduction and pregnancy Simulated reality and consciousness Social science fiction Technological singularity Themes of fantasy fiction Beings and entities Artificial intelligences Androids and Gynoid Artificial life Biological robot Cyborgs Robots and humanoid robots Replicants Simulated consciousness Characters The Absent-minded professor The Golem The Mad Scientist Redshirt Space Pirate Super Soldier Clones Dinosaurs Extraterrestrial life Hypothetical types of biochemistry Alien invasion Astrobiology God-like aliens Principles of non-interference (e.g. Prime Directive) Message from space Living planets (both sentient and non-sentient) Hive minds Infomorphs—memories, characters, and consciences of persons being uploaded to a computer or storage media Mutants Shapeshifters Superhumans Superorganisms Symbionts UFOs Uplifting—using technology to "raise" non-human animals to human evolutionary levels Ancient astronauts Progressor Body and mind alterations Biohacking/Amateur biotechnicians Artificial organs Additional or improved senses X-ray vision Cloning Exocortex Genetic engineering Super race Intelligence amplification Invisibility Life extension, Biological immortality, Universal immortalism and immortality Cryonics Digital immortality Mind uploading Organ transplantation Organlegging Prosthetics Memory Memory erasure/editing Memory sharing Group mind Mind control Mind swap Mind uploading Neural implants to directly interface with machinery Psi powers and psychic phenomena Clairvoyance Precognition Pyrokinesis Retrocognition Telepathy Telekinesis Parasitism Psychedelia Resizing (size-changing, miniaturization, magnification, shrinking, and enlargement) Shapeshifting Superhuman strength Teleportation Transhumanism and Posthumanism Habitats Artificial worlds Alien Zoo—a zoo where humans are kept as exhibits Arcologies—enormous habitats (hyperstructures) of extremely high human population density Cyberspace—the new, virtual territory of societal interaction Domed city Floating city Future of the Earth Climate change—science fiction dealing with effects of anthropogenic climate change and global warming at the end of the Holocene era Megacity Seasteading and ocean colonization Pirate utopia Reality Television Space colonization Colonization of the Moon Pantropy Other planets Desert planet Mars Terraformed planets Space stations and habitats