economy-wide goal of reducing emissions to 5% below 1990 levels by 2020. Key policy recommendations in the report include developing renewable portfolio standards, increasing use of local agricultural products, and increasing advanced recycling and composting. Federal lands in South Carolina Charles Pinckney National Historic Site at Mt. Pleasant Congaree National Park in Hopkins Cowpens National Battlefield near Chesnee Fort Moultrie National Monument at Sullivan's Island Fort Sumter National Monument in Charleston Harbor Kings Mountain National Military Park at Blacksburg Ninety Six National Historic Site in Ninety Six Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail Fort Jackson near Columbia Joint Base Charleston near Charleston Shaw Air Force Base near Sumter Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island at Parris Island Flora and fauna South Carolina is home to two dominant ecosystems, the bottomlands, which consist of floodplains and creeks, and the toplands. The floodplains contain large tracts of old and mature second growth cypress and tupelo forest. The uplands are home to longleaf pine, shortleaf pine, and mixed hardwood forests. The Longleaf Pine are an important part of South Carolina's coastal ecosystem. They improve soil, water, and air quality while a habitat for deer and songbirds. These forests are endangered by logging for agriculture and development. Oysters are a critical part of South Carolina's coastal ecology. They serve a dual function, filtering the water and forming reefs that provide a habitat for small fish and crabs. Oysters are imperiled by overharvesting because young oysters need older oysters to latch on to as they age. South Carolina is home to many shorebirds including various sandpipers and ibises. The state serves as a stopover site for birds migrating farther south and a wintering ground for birds that do not fly as far south. Population centers Some Primary Statistical Areas of South Carolina overlap with neighboring states of North Carolina and Georgia The following table shows the major metropolitan areas of South Carolina. * Partially in North Carolina Demographics The 2020 census determined the state had a population of 5,118,425. The United States Census Bureau estimates the population of South Carolina was 5,148,714 on July 1, 2019, an 11.31 percentage increase since the 2010 census. As of the 2017 census estimate, the racial make up of the state is 68.5% White (63.8% non-Hispanic white), 27.3% Black or African American, 0.5% American Indian and Alaska Native, 1.7% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander, 1.9% from two