devoting a lot of time to vocal warmups. In 2018, Twain underwent laryngoplasty to have Gore-Tex stabilizers implanted in her throat to reduce the workload on her vocal muscles. Twain did little writing on her self-titled debut album, but Lange noticed the singer "had a distinctive voice as a songwriter" he felt had been overlooked by other collaborators. Describing Twain and Lange as a "versatile" songwriting duo, Bob Paxman of Sounds Like Nashville observed that their songs explore several themes such as feminism and romantic longing, while Maclean's journalist Brian D. Johnson said her songs "range from domestic-bliss ballads to sassy rockers that taunt and tease." Alanna Nash of AARP observed that Twain crafted The Woman in Me around "hooky melodies and clever wordplay" from her point of view. During the 1990s, record executives feared Twain's lyrics were too "male-threatening"; both The Woman in Me and Come On Over contain feminist and anti-infidelity themes. Although she has become synonymous with singing songs about female empowerment that are "full of attitude", her catalogue also consists of love songs. Twain believes female singers are often misunderstood for expressing "feminist views" or standing up for themselves, about which she often sings, explaining, "that doesn't mean that we don't love the men in our lives, and that we don't need the men in our lives." Twain tends to isolate herself when writing songs to avoid distractions, believing she is most productive in this manner. She claims to adapt melancholy experiences into happy songs. Now was the first album Twain wrote without Lange's involvement, identifying the procedure as a very important songwriting experience because "I needed to do it alone, to start ideas and finish them without relying on anybody else's opinion and direction." Drawing from raw feelings of pain, she also used the album to process the demise of their relationship. Her primary musical genre is considered to be country pop, with AllMusic critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine declaring that she "Skillfully fus[ed] mainstream, AOR rock production with country-pop". Some country music critics dismissed Twain's music as not being country enough, which some fans theorize resulted in her breakthrough album The Woman in Me being snubbed at the 1995 Country Music Awards, despite its widespread success. Up is considered to be her most straightforward pop album to-date. Twain has expressed that she is not particularly fond of performing live. Twain cites Karen Carpenter, Dolly Parton,