Slovenia is situated at the crossroads of central and southeast Europe, touching the Alps and bordering the Adriatic Sea. The Alps—including the Julian Alps, the Kamnik–Savinja Alps and the Karawank chain, as well as the Pohorje massif—dominate northern Slovenia along its long border to Austria. Slovenia's Adriatic coastline stretches approximately from Italy to Croatia. Its part south of Sava river belongs to Balkan peninsula – Balkans. The term karst originated in southwestern Slovenia's Karst Plateau (), a limestone region of underground rivers, gorges, and caves, between Ljubljana and the Mediterranean. On the Pannonian plain to the east and northeast, toward the Croatian and Hungarian borders, the landscape is essentially flat. However, the majority of Slovenian terrain is hilly or mountainous, with around 90% of the surface 200 meters or more above sea level. Location Slovenia's location is where southeastern and Central Europe meet, where the Eastern Alps border the Adriatic Sea between Austria and Croatia. The 15th meridian east almost corresponds to the middle line of the country in the direction west–east. Geographic coordinates Extreme geographical points of Slovenia: North: , Budinci, Šalovci, South: , Kot pri Damlju, Municipality of Črnomelj, East: , Pince–Marof, Municipality of Lendava, West: , Robidišče, Municipality of Kobarid. The maximum north–south distance is 1°28' or . The maximum east–west distance is 3°13' or . The geometric centre of Slovenia (GEOSS) is located at . Since 2016, the geodetic system of Slovenia with the elevation benchmark of 0 m has its origin at the Koper tide gauge station. Until then, it referred to the Sartorio mole in Trieste (see metres above the Adriatic). Area Total: 20,271 km2 Land: 20,149 km2 Water: 122 km2 Comparison: slightly smaller than New Jersey Borders Land boundaries Total: 1,086 km Border countries: Austria 330 km, Croatia 670 km, Italy 280 km, Hungary 102 km Coastline: 46.6 m (~ 47 km) Maritime claims: The entire Slovenian coastline is located on the Gulf of Trieste. Towns along the coastline include: Koper Izola Portorož Piran Regions Historical regions The traditional Slovenian regions, based on the former division of Slovenia into the four Habsburg crown lands (Carniola, Carinthia, Styria, and the Littoral) and their parts, are: Upper Carniola (Gorenjska) (denoted on the map by U.C.) Styria (Štajerska) (S) Prekmurje (P) Carinthia (Koroška) (C) Inner Carniola (Notranjska) (I.C.) Lower Carniola (Dolenjska) (L.C.) Gorizia (Goriška) (G) Slovenian Istria (Slovenska Istra) (L) The last two are usually considered