The Sony CLIÉ (creativity, lifestyle, innovation, emotion, formerly communication, link, information and entertainment) is a series of personal digital assistants (PDAs) running the operating system (OS) Palm OS, developed and marketed by Sony from 2000 to 2005. The devices introduced many new features to the PDA market, such as a jog dial (or jog wheel) interface, high-resolution displays, and Sony technologies like Memory Stick slots and ATRAC3 audio playback. Most models were designed and manufactured in Japan. The name was initially an attempt at a new coinage term, though it means tool in the Jèrriais language. The CLIÉ handhelds were distinguished from other Palm OS models by their emphasis on multimedia abilities, including photo, video, and audio playback, long before any other Palm OS PDAs had such abilities. Later models have been credited with spurring competition in the previously stagnant Palm market, closing many of the gaps that existed between Palm OS PDAs and those using Microsoft Windows Mobile OS, more so for multimedia, but also with Sony's proprietary application launcher interface. Closure of handheld line In the summer of 2004, Sony announced that new CLIÉs would, from then on, be manufactured and available only in Japan, and in the spring of 2005, Sony announced the end of its CLIÉ line of products. The last models to be released worldwide were the PEG-TJ27, PEG-TJ37, and PEG-TH55. The last model released in Japan was the PEG-VZ90. Soon after the closure of the CLIÉ line, Sony stopped providing original installation drivers, including Sony's version of Palm Desktop for the CLIÉ, which are necessary for Hotsyncing with the PC and otherwise taking advantage of the handhelds' many features for which a PC may be needed. Several CLIÉ fans took it upon themselves to offer these drivers freely for download at www.sonyclie.org. Models CLIÉ handhelds were released in series, usually with a few models released in each series. In later years, multiple series would be in production at the same time. Motorola Dragonball CPU: Palm OS 3.5, 4.x S series (2000–2002) T series (2001–2003) N series (2001–2002) NR series (2002) SL/SJ series (2002–2003) ARM compatible CPU: Palm OS 5.0, 5.2 NX series (2002–2004) NZ series (2003–2004) TG series (2003–2004) UX series (2003–2004) TJ series (2003–2004) TH series (2004) VZ series (2004–2005) (Japan only) Macintosh support Officially, the CLIÉ line did not support the Macintosh, and Sony never provided any software with the handhelds for