with the Roman tradition. Rather, the provisions of the Roman law were fitted into a more coherent system and expressed in the national language. For this reason, knowledge of the Roman law is indispensable to understand the legal systems of today. Thus, Roman law is often still a mandatory subject for law students in civil law jurisdictions. In this context, the annual International Roman Law Moot Court was developed in order to better educate the students and to network with one another internationally. As steps towards a unification of the private law in the member states of the European Union are being taken, the old jus commune, which was the common basis of legal practice everywhere in Europe, but allowed for many local variants, is seen by many as a model. See also Abalienatio (legal transfer of property) Auctoritas (power of the sovereign) Capitis deminutio Cessio bonorum (surrender of goods to a creditor) Compascuus (common pasture) Constitution (Roman law) Homo sacer Inheritance law in ancient Rome Justitium (akin to modern state of exception) List of Roman laws Res extra commercium Ancient Greek law Byzantine law Roman-Dutch law References Sources Berger, Adolf, "Encyclopedic Dictionary of Roman Law", Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. 43, Part 2., pp. 476. Philadelphia : American Philosophical Society, 1953. (reprinted 1980, 1991, 2002). Further reading Bablitz, Leanne E. 2007. Actors and Audience in the Roman Courtroom. London: Routledge. Bauman, Richard A. 1989. Lawyers and Politics in the Early Roman Empire. Munich: Beck. Borkowski, Andrew, and Paul Du Plessis. 2005. A Textbook on Roman Law. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. Buckland, William Warwick. 1963. A Textbook of Roman Law from Augustus to Justinian. Revised by P. G. Stein. 3d edition. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press. Daube, David. 1969. Roman Law: Linguistic, Social and Philosophical Aspects. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press. De Ligt, Luuk. 2007. "Roman Law and the Roman Economy: Three Case Studies." Latomus 66.1: 10–25. du Plessis, Paul. 2006. "Janus in the Roman Law of Urban Lease." Historia 55.1: 48–63. Gardner, Jane F. 1986. Women in Roman Law and Society. London: Croom Helm. Gardner, Jane F. 1998. Family and Familia in Roman Law and Life. Clarendon Press. Harries, Jill. 1999. Law and Empire in Late Antiquity. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press. Nicholas, Barry. 1962. An Introduction to Roman Law. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Nicholas, Barry, and Peter Birks, eds. 1989. New Perspectives in the Roman Law of