(d. 1583) 1567 – Date Masamune, Japanese daimyō (d. 1636) 1568 – Tommaso Campanella, Italian poet, philosopher, and theologian (d. 1639) 1601–1900 1638 – Louis XIV, king of France (d. 1715) 1641 – Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland, English diplomat (d. 1702) 1642 – Maria of Orange-Nassau, Dutch princess (d. 1688) 1651 – William Dampier, English explorer (d. 1715) 1666 – Gottfried Arnold, German historian and theologian (d. 1714) 1667 – Giovanni Girolamo Saccheri, Italian priest, mathematician, and philosopher (d. 1733) 1694 – František Václav Míča, Czech conductor and composer (d. 1744) 1695 – Carl Gustaf Tessin, Swedish politician and diplomat (d. 1770) 1722 – Frederick Christian, Prince-Elector of Saxony (d. 1763) 1725 – Jean-Étienne Montucla, French mathematician and theorist (d. 1799) 1735 – Johann Christian Bach, German-English viol player and composer (d. 1782) 1750 – Robert Fergusson, Scottish poet and author (d. 1774) 1769 – John Shortland, English commander (d. 1810) 1771 – Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen (d. 1847) 1772 – Fath-Ali Shah Qajar, Iranian king (d. 1834) 1774 – Caspar David Friedrich, German painter and etcher (d. 1840) 1775 – Juan Martín Díez, Spanish general (d. 1825) 1781 – Anton Diabelli, Austrian composer and publisher (d. 1858) 1787 – François Sulpice Beudant, French mineralogist and geologist (d. 1850) 1791 – Giacomo Meyerbeer, German pianist and composer (d. 1864) 1792 – Ours-Pierre-Armand Petit-Dufrénoy, French geologist and mineralogist (d. 1857) 1806 – Christophe Léon Louis Juchault de Lamoricière, French general and politician, French Minister of War (d. 1865) 1817 – Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy, Russian poet, author, and playwright (d. 1875) 1818 – Edmund Kennedy, Australian explorer and surveyor (d. 1848) 1826 – John Wisden, English cricketer and businessman (d. 1884) 1827 – Goffredo Mameli, Italian poet and songwriter (d. 1849) 1829 – Lester Allan Pelton, American inventor (d. 1908) 1831 – Victorien Sardou, French author and playwright (d. 1908) 1833 – George Huntington Hartford, American businessman (d. 1917) 1836 – Justiniano Borgoño, Peruvian soldier and politician, 57th President of Peru (d. 1921) 1847 – Jesse James, American outlaw (d. 1882) 1850 – Eugen Goldstein, German physicist (d. 1930) 1856 – Thomas E. Watson, American lawyer, publisher, and politician (d. 1922) 1867 – Amy Beach, American pianist and composer (d. 1944) 1871 – Friedrich Akel, Estonian physician and politician, Head of State of Estonia (d 1941) 1872 – V. O. Chidambaram Pillai, Indian lawyer and politician (d. 1936) 1872