In 1963, Switzerland joined the Council of Europe. In 1979, parts of the canton of Bern attained independence, forming the new canton of Jura. Switzerland's role in many United Nations and international organizations helped to mitigate the country's concern for neutrality. In 2002, Switzerland voters gave 55% of their vote in favour of the UN and joined the United Nations. This followed decades of debate and its previous rejection of membership in 1986 by a 3-1 popular vote. Swiss women gained the right to vote in national-level elections in 1971, and an equal rights amendment was ratified in 1981, however it was not until 1990 that the courts established full nationwide voting rights for women in all elections. Switzerland is not a member state of the EU but has been (together with Liechtenstein) surrounded by EU territory since the joining of Austria in 1995. In 2005, Switzerland agreed to join the Schengen treaty and Dublin Convention by popular vote. In February 2014, Swiss voters approved a referendum to reinstitute quotas on immigration to Switzerland, setting off a period of finding an implementation that would not violate the EU's freedom of movement accords that Switzerland adopted. Following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Switzerland decided to adopt all EU sanctions against Russia. According to the Swiss President Ignazio Cassis, the measures were "unprecedented but consistent with Swiss neutrality". The administration also confirmed that Switzerland would continue to offer its services to find a peaceful solution to the conflict. Switzerland only participates in humanitarian missions and provides relief supplies to the Ukrainian population and neighbouring countries. Order of accession of the cantons The order of precedence of the Swiss cantons given in the federal constitution follows the historical order of accession except for the three city cantons of Zürich, Bern and Lucerne placed at the top. Eight Cantons 1291 founding cantons – Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden 1332 – Lucerne 1351 – Zürich 1352 – Glarus, Zug 1353 – Bern expansion to Thirteen Cantons 1481 – Fribourg, Solothurn 1501 – Basel, Schaffhausen 1513 – Appenzell Act of Mediation 1803 – St. Gallen, Graubünden, Aargau, Thurgau, Ticino, Vaud Restoration period 1815 – Valais, Neuchâtel, Geneva Switzerland as a federal state 1979 – Jura (secession from Bern) 1999 – official status of the six half-cantons as cantons ( Obwalden and Nidwalden, Appenzell Ausserrhoden and Appenzell Innerrhoden, Basel-Stadt and Basel-Landschaft) See also Historiography of Switzerland History of