Brazil. There are also other smaller numbers of South American nationalities. 40,000 Chinese, with small communities of Koreans, Japanese and Filipinos. 2,000 Arab/Middle Eastern (mostly Lebanese but also Syrian and Palestinians). 200 Jews who are identified in ethnoreligious terms. Cherokee people - in the late 19th century, Suriname as well Venezuela, Guyana, Brazil and Chile attracted tens of thousands of settlers from the Indian Territory of the United States, now part of the state of Oklahoma. The exact number of Cherokee descendants is unknown. Suriname has large American expatriate (mostly retiree) communities (about 50,000 Americans live in Suriname). Also living in Suriname are Dutch citizens, some of which with a Surinamese background. Fertility rate by ethnic group The total fertility rate for Suriname as a whole is 2.53 children per woman aged 15 to 49. Maroons have the highest fertility rate, with 4.47 children per woman. On the other hand, Hindustani's have the lowest fertility with 1.78 children per woman. Languages Dutch is the official language of Suriname and the mother tongue of around 60% of the population. Sranan Tongo is the lingua franca and second most spoken language of Suriname. English is mostly used in the business sector mainly to communicate with foreign businesses. It is also used in the hospitality industry to communicate with tourists. Sarnami Hindustani is spoken by the Surinamese Indian community. Depending on the person this language can be either the mother tongue, second language or third language (after Dutch or Sranan Tongo). Saramaccan is spoken by the Saramaka tribe of the Maroon community. Aukan is mainly spoken by the Aukan tribe of the Maroon community Javanese is spoken by the Surinamese Javanese community. Just like Sarnami Hindustani, Javanese can be either the mother tongue, second language or third language (after Dutch or Sranan Tongo) for some. Hakka and Cantonese is spoken by Surinamese Chinese, mainly as a second language after Dutch. Cantonese was introduced in Suriname by the second wave of Chinese immigrants in 1970. Beginning in the 1990s new migrants from China moved to Suriname, and Putonghua, during circa 2004–2014, became the main Chinese lingua franca in the country. French is spoken by some Maroons due to the cultural influence from French Guiana, Portuguese mainly by immigrants from Brazil and Portugal, and Spanish due to immigrants from, Cuba, Venezuela, Colombia, and other Latin American countries. Amerindian languages are spoken by the Surinamese Amerindian