The Al-Aqsa Mosque compound in the Old City of Jerusalem has four minarets in total: three on the western flank and one on the northern flank. The four minarets Al-Fakhariyya Minaret About half a year after they conquered Jerusalem (Al-Quds), defeating the Crusaders, the Mamluks built or renovated eight major minarets in the Holy City. The first minaret, known as Al-Fakhariyya Minaret, was one of the Mamluk minarets. It was built in 1278, on the junction of the southern wall and western wall at the orders of the Mamluk sultan Lajin. The minaret was built on the solid part of the wall. It was named after Fakhr al-Din al-Khalili, the father of Sharif al-Din Abd al-Rahman who supervised the building's construction. The minaret was rebuilt during the Ottoman period in 1920. Dating of the minarets in Jerusalem has been done according to the style and shape. Mamluk minarets generally have a square shape and surround the Haram al-Sharif. Al-Fakhariyya Minaret was built in the traditional Syrian style, with a square-shaped base and shaft, divided by moldings into three floors above which two lines of muqarnas decorate the muezzin's balcony. The niche is surrounded by a square chamber that ends in a lead-covered stone dome. After the minaret was damaged in the Jerusalem earthquake, the minaret's dome was covered with lead. Al-Ghawanimah Minaret (Bani Ghanim Minaret) According to travelers and early historians, Abd al-Malik bin Marwan built the al-Ghawanimah (Bani Ghanim) Minaret. Ibn Al-Faqih al-Hamadani (3-4 AH/9-10th century AD) in his Mukhtasar Kitab and Al-Buldan and Shihab Al-Din Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Ibn 'Abd Rabbihi (3-4 AH/9-10th century AD) in his Kitab Al-Iqd Al-Farid describe the pre-Crusader Al-Aqsa enclave as having four minarets. One of them is known as the Ghawanima Minaret. It is also known as the Bani Ghanim Gate Minaret or Ghawanima Gate Minaret, the Qalawun Gate and Minaret of Saraya. It is called the minaret of the Gate of Gwanimah because it is near to the door of Ghawanima (Bab al-Ghawanima). It is named as the Minaret of the Saraya because it is located next to the Ottoman Saraya which is Al-Omariya School at the moment. The reason for naming it the minaret of the Saraya is because the minaret was renewed in al-Mansur Qalawun’s reign. Bani Ghanim Minaret was built at the northwestern corner of the Noble Sanctuary in 1297–98 by architect Qadi Sharaf al-Din al-Khalili, on the