In 2016, deadly floods hit Ethiopia, leaving at least 200 people dead and over 200,000 people homeless as seasonal rains come early to the country. The majority of these deaths occurred in the city of Jijiga while elsewhere, heavy downpours of rain were reported with more floods expected in the next few days. The floods are reportedly at higher levels than other flood travesties than that of previous years. Background Flood Events in Ethiopia Ethiopia has extensive experience in flash floods and river floods. The identified historical flood event years (1988, 1996, 1998, 2006, 2010, 2012, and 2016) in the country were also known as La Niήa episodes. Flood Area Description Ethiopia has 12 basins, of which 8 are basins, 1 is a lake basin with perennial rivers and 3 are dry basins. Most major rivers are of a transboundary nature and cross-border. Many parts of these river basins are affected by prominent flash floods and river floods. State of Flood The characteristics of heavy precipitation and distribution, as well as the preconditions of hydrological variables (soil moisture content, groundwater and surface water level), play an important role in the physical change of flood influence factors. Climate and the Flood Typically, La Nina events are associated with higher-than-normal rainfall between June and September in central and highland Ethiopia, leading to flooding. Commonly, these La Nina events in Ethiopia were preceded by the drought effects of El Nino events. The El Nino phenomenon La Nina episodes 2016 Ethiopia Flood In 2016, some areas in the Horn of Africa experienced flood events following the 2015 El Nino (drought) events. In Ethiopia, the 2016 flood event occurred with heavy Kiremt rains and caused many localized flash floods, landslides, and overflowing of rivers in Lower Omo Valley, Dire Dawa, Amhara, Afar, Somali, Tigray, Gambella, Oromia, and Harari regions. Geographical and Physical Impact Thousands of individuals living within the flooded areas have little shelter or food and are exposed to terrible weather, with the danger of contracting diseases. The floods have also killed livestock and destroyed large areas of farmland. Impacts on Water Resources According to NAPA (2011), the water resources sector will be affected by climate change through a decrease in river run-off, a decrease in energy production, as well as increased floods and droughts. Consequently, the ecosystem, which is the source of rain and water resource, will be affected. Rainwater scarcity would affect