material, for its "languid, sequential, and dream-inhabited melody" clothed in "twisted and rather chilling harmony". Indeed, the work as a whole can be regarded as being in three conventional, but linked movements, though the boundary between the first and second is somewhat vague: A rhapsodic and enigmatic opening (Allegro preciso – Allegro moderato – Misterioso – Andantino – Marcha), a lyrical slow movement in two sections (Adagio), and a complex rondo finale (Allegro moderato). Villa-Lobos calls particular attention to a number of features of the work: the energetic and mechanical rhythm of the opening; the melody with a primitive character (number 29) that simultaneously serves as a bass for crossed arpeggios, with the same sounds of the primitive scale; unforeseen and strange modulations (number 41); various melodic types accompanied by unusual harmonies (number 46); a sentimental melody with a simple dissonant harmony and on a vague rhythm, forming a characteristic space (number 55); an unimportant melody enriched by harmony; a theme of primitive form that serves as a subject for a short fugato (number 78); at rehearsal number 80 appears a recapitulation, restating one of the early themes of the work a major third lower; finally, a warm, passionate, and extremely vague melody appears, in the midst of contrary and syncopated harmonies and rhythms, muddying the rhythmic center of gravity. Discography In chronological order of recording: Villa-Lobos: Chôros No. 11 pour piano et orchestre; Chôros No. 2 pour flûte et clarinette; Chôros No. 5 pour piano; Bachianas Brasileiras No. 1 pour ensemble de violincelles. Aline van Barentzen, piano (1st, 3rd works); Fernand Dufrene, flute, Maurice Cliquennois, clarinet (2nd work); Orchestre national de la radiodiffusion française, Heitor Villa-Lobos, conductor (1st, 4th works). Recorded at the Salle de la Mutualité, Paris, on 6, 8, and 9 May 1958 (1st work), 15 May 1958 (2nd and 3rd works), 8 and 9 April 1958 (4th work). LP recording, 2 audio discs: analog, 33⅓ rpm, 12 in., monaural. La voix de son maitre/HMV FALP 596, FALP 597. Matrix nos. 2XLA 590 21B – M6 193789 / 2XLA 591 21 – M6 193710 / 2XLA 592 21B – M6 194458 / 2XLA 593 21B – M6 193843. [France]: La voix de son maitre, 1959. Re-issued on LP as part of: Villa-Lobos par lui-même. Various performers, orchestras conducted by Heitor Villa-Lobos, plus "Qu'est-ce qu'un choros?" spoken by the composer in French. Microgroove, 11 audio discs: 10 LPs,