Marble burying is an animal model used in scientific research to depict anxiety or obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) behavior. It is based on the observation that rats and mice will bury either harmful or harmless objects in their bedding. While widely used there is significant controversy over the interpretation of its results. Difficulty in modeling Animal behavior modeling is difficult because to create a competent model, the cause of the disease must be known. In the case of OCD and anxiety the causes are idiopathic. The symptoms for both diseases overlap making it difficult to know what disease the animal model is displaying. OCD is a serious condition with a lifetime prevalence of 1-3%. Common symptoms of OCD include recurrent obsessions or compulsions. These compulsions are time-consuming (more than 1 hr/day) and cause significant stress or impairment in the patient's everyday life. The most common treatment of OCD is serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) and behavioral treatment. Anxiety is a complex multi-faceted disorder with many symptoms. Anxiety is difficult to model because psychiatrists who clinically diagnose anxiety follow the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM IV) of the American Psychiatric Association, which includes self-reporting from patients. Since animals cannot explain to us how they feel, animals cannot be diagnosed with anxiety disorder. However symptoms of anxiety can be inferred from animal behavior. Concept When rodents are put in a cage with marbles they will bury the marbles. This behavior is seen as anxiety related or OCD behavior. When the rodents are injected with drugs used to treat anxiety or OCD, the amount of marbles buried decreases. Marble burying doesn't show any difference between anti-compulsive or anxiolytic activity. The test is also sensitive to antidepressant agents. The test is sensitive to two major classes of drugs the Selective Serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines are commonly used to treat anxiety and SSRIs are used to treat both OCD and anxiety. Procedure Rodents are placed for thirty minutes in a standard cage filled with 5 cm depth of wood chip bedding with 10 marbles evenly spaced. After thirty minutes the amount of marbles buried is measured. In this procedure a marble is considered buried if 2/3 of the marble is covered with bedding. Within the study there should be two groups of animals, one group which has been injected with saline and another group which has been injected with the agent being tested.