Terranova Homes, also styled as TerraNova Homes and sometimes referred to as Terranova v Bartlett, was a decision of the New Zealand Court of Appeal concerning equal pay in New Zealand, and turned on the interpretation of the Equal Pay Act 1972, which was enacted in response to the 1971 report of the Commission of Inquiry into Equal Pay (Commission report). It was alleged that the wages paid by TerraNova Homes & Care Ltd (TerraNova) to its caregivers were lower than they would be if care giving of the aged were not work predominantly performed by women. O’Regan P, Stevens and French JJ upheld the Employment Court's decision in Service and Food Workers Union Nga Ringa Tota Inc v TerraNova Homes and Care Ltd that TerraNova was discriminating against its female employees. The Court of Appeal dismissed the appeal, although they thought that the issue was more "finely balanced" than the Employment Court had illustrated in its decision. The case became a landmark ruling when a subsequent settlement negotiated by the government between the unions and employers was the first instance in New Zealand that acknowledges that in some industries, wages are lower because the work is mainly undertaken by women. Factual background TerraNova operates rest home facilities in New Zealand. In 2009, 92 percent of the 33,000 workers in the aged care sector in New Zealand were women. In June 2012, 106 of the 110 caregivers employed by TerraNova were women. No party in the case contended that the four male caregivers were paid more than their female colleagues for doing the same work. However, the respondents argued that this did not mean equal pay exists, rather that the male caregivers' wages were reduced because care giving was seen as "women’s work". Caregivers employed by TerraNova were paid between $13.50 and $15 per hour. Where each caregiver fell in that range was based on an assessment of their competence. Two proceedings were brought against TerraNova in the Employment Court in 2013, both in relation to allegations that it paid its caregivers lower wages that it would otherwise pay if its work force was not predominantly made up of women. The first proceeding was brought by Kristine Bartlett, a rest home caregiver employed by TerraNova. Her statement of claim pleaded two causes of action: that TerraNova's failure to provide for equal pay breached the Equal Pay Act, and also that