users and need a fall back mechanism if device is unavailable or fails - which could lead to lower usability The current password system used by many web applications could be extended for better usability by using: memorable mnemonics instead of passwords. graphical or mnemonic passwords to make authentication more usable. Future work Usability will become more and more important as more applications move online and require robust and reliable authentication systems that are both usable and secure. The use of brainwaves in authentication systems have been proposed as a possible way to achieve this. However more research and usability studies are required. See also Authentication Authorization Information security Internet security OpenID OpenID Connect Password System usability scale (SUS) Usability Usability testing WebFinger WebID References Further reading Usability Computer access control