Development division (overseeing research and grantmaking in the areas of civic governance, education, health, race relations, and welfare), a Physical Development division (overseeing research and grant-making in the areas of economic development, housing, transportation, and urban planning), and a Foundation Development division (overseeing foundation finances and staff development). He also suggested that, for the first time, the foundation hire a professional staff of seven. Negotiations between the two organizations did not take on a more serious nature until after the Hough riots, a race riot which occurred in Cleveland in late July 1966. In the wake of the riots, Sherwin attempted to reinvigorate The Cleveland Foundation by asking T. Keith Glennan to leave Case Institute of Technology and become the new chairman of the organization. Glennan declined, and Sherwin began negotiating more intensively with Norton. On August 23, Norton asked Seth Taft (now GCAF's attorney) to draft an expanded version of the January 1965 proposal. This met with general approval from Sherwin, and he asked The Cleveland Foundation's counsel, the law firm of Thompson, Hine and Flory, to draft a resolution approving the proposal. The draft proposal was ready by December 12. After slight reworking by Taft, Sherwin and Smith approved it at a meeting on December 30. At this meeting, Norton later said, "the Associated Foundation...persuaded The Cleveland Foundation that its structure was outdated". On April 14, 1967, The Cleveland Foundation's Distribution Committee and the Trustees Committee voted to approve the merger. GCAF's board approved it a few days later. The resolution essentially created two interlocking boards of directors, whose memberships were exactly the same. Although each foundation would, until April 1, 1971, retain its legal identity, name, and distinct funding sources, the two foundations would share staff and office space. Each board would meet quarterly and approve disbursements from each foundation's funds. Membership on The Cleveland Foundation's Distribution Committee was temporarily increased to 14 members from five, with the nine new members appointed by GCAF. Two of the Distribution Committee's members already sat on the GCAF board of directors; the remaining three would be immediately appointed to the GCAF board as well. The Distribution Committee would shrink to 11 members on the date of the merger. On July 6, 1967, John Sherwin and Kent Smith announced that The Cleveland Foundation and GCAF would merge on April 1, 1971. Independence issues and closure Legally, GCAF was separate from The