helping to inspire the development of the partial nicotinic agonist varenicline, which is currently the most effective pharmacologic smoking cessation treatment available. Sensory factors in tobacco addiction Rose demonstrated the role of nicotine and non-nicotine sensory factors in tobacco addiction: In a series of studies, Rose et al. dissociated non-nicotine factors, including sensory cues accompanying cigarette inhalation, from the pharmacologic effects of nicotine. Attenuating these cues, while holding nicotine intake constant, significantly reduced the psychological rewarding and satiating effects of cigarette smoke. Conversely, presenting sensory inhalational cues down-regulated smoking behavior. First radiotracer nicotine studies Rose elucidated the brain pharmacokinetics of inhaled nicotine: Rose et al. conducted the first direct assessment of the rate of brain nicotine uptake during cigarette smoking, using cigarettes spiked with the radiotracer [11C]nicotine and PET scanning to image nicotine in the brain. The results overturned the widely held “puff bolus” hypothesis, which held that the nicotine from each puff of smoke should generate a spike in brain nicotine uptake within 10 seconds. In fact, the lung serves as a depot for nicotine, releasing the dose over several minutes. This new understanding of brain nicotine pharmacokinetics has implications both for the understanding of mechanisms underlying nicotine addiction as well as development of more effective nicotine replacement strategies. First adaptive treatment algorithm for smoking cessation Rose validated the first adaptive treatment algorithm for smoking cessation: Rose led a series of studies showing that the initial response to pre-cessation administration of nicotine skin patch treatment predicted long-term abstinence. Subsequently, this response was used to implement adaptive changes in pharmacotherapy for patch non-responders. Rose continues to develop personalized approaches to smoking cessation treatment based on smokers’ characteristics, including level of nicotine dependence, and genomic markers, which he helped to identify in the first genome-wide association studies of smoking cessation treatment outcome. Selected publications Rose JE. Transdermal nicotine as a strategy for nicotine replacement. In: The Pharmacologic Treatment of Tobacco Dependence: Proceedings of the World Congress, November 4–5, 1985, edited by JK Ockene. Cambridge, MA: Institute for the Study of Smoking Behavior and Policy, pp. 158–166, 1986. References External links Duke Faculty Website The Rose Research Center, LLC Nicotine Skin Patch Patent US4920989 Patents invented and co-invented by Jed Rose Dr. Rose Publications University of California, Berkeley alumni University of California, San Diego alumni University of California, Los Angeles alumni Living people 1952 births American scientists