permitted developments. This has the effect of requiring planning permission for any change of usage from a "dwelling house" to a "house in multiple occupation". For example, Nottingham City Council requires planning permission for any conversion of a family dwelling to an HMO in the Nottingham area. Class D – non-residential institutions Class D1 Class D1 covers many ‘public’ services (which do not fall under Class A): These are mostly F1 or F2 as of 2021 Medical or health services premises which don't form a part of the practitioner's home Crèches, day nurseries or day centres Premises for education, is now Class F Premises which display works of art without commercial transactions (sale or hire) Museums Public libraries or reading rooms Public or exhibition halls Premises “for, or in connection with, public worship or religious instruction” Class D2 Class D is revoked from 1 September 2020. D1 is split out and replaced by the new Classes E(e-f) and F1 D2 is split out and replaced by the new Classes E(d) and F2(c-d) as well as several newly defined ‘Sui Generis’ uses. Class D2 used to address the use of premises for entertainment and leisure purposes: Cinemas Concert halls Bingo halls (and formerly casinos) Dance halls Swimming baths, skating rinks, gymnasiums or “area for other indoor or outdoor sports or recreations, not involving motorised vehicles or firearms.” Sui generis Certain uses are specifically defined as Sui Generis by legislation, whereas other uses land in the sui generis category when they fall outside of the defined limits of other use classes. Prior to the Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) (Amendment) (England) Regulations 2020 changes, the following uses were defined as Sui Generis: Theatres Amusement arcades / centres or funfairs Launderettes Fuel stations Hiring, selling and/or displaying motor vehicles Taxi Business Scrap yards, or a yard for the storage/ distribution of minerals and/or the breaking of motor vehicles ‘Alkali work’ (any work registrable under the Alkali, etc. Works Regulation Act 1906 (as amended)) hostels (providing no significant element of care) waste disposal installations for the incineration, chemical treatment or landfill of hazardous waste retail warehouse clubs nightclubs casinos betting offices/shops payday loan shops As of 1 September 2020, the following uses were added as Sui Generis: public houses, wine bars, or drinking establishments – previously Class A4 drinking establishments with expanded food provision – previously Class A4 hot food takeaways (for the