membrane in the undercoat of the cell-to-cell Adherens junction. Talin, a cytoskeletal protein concentrated in regions of cell-substratum contact and, in lymphocytes, of cell-cell contacts. Filopodin, a slime mould protein that binds actin and which is involved in the control of cell motility and chemotaxis. Merlin (or schwannomin). Protein NBL4. Unconventional myosins X, VIIa and XV, which are mutated in congenital deafness. Focal-adhesion kinases (FAKs), cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinases involved in signalling through integrins. Janus tyrosine kinases (JAKs), cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases that are non-covalently associated with the cytoplasmic tails of receptors for cytokines or polypeptidic hormones. Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2. Protein-tyrosine phosphatases PTPN3 and PTPN4, enzymes that appear to act at junctions between the membrane and the cytoskeleton. Protein-tyrosine phosphatases PTPN14 and PTP-D1, PTP-RL10 and PTP2E. Caenorhabditis elegans protein phosphatase ptp-1. References Protein domains