at the time of collapse, could only resist winds ranging from , depending on wind direction; however, the actual wind speed was about . The building code required the structure to withstand winds of . Guy lines: Even if the ballast had been sufficient, the structure still would have failed, because the synthetic webbing ratchet straps and wire rope used as guy lines would have been loaded beyond their capacity. Structure connections: The fin plate connections attaching the guy lines to the top of the truss structure also had insufficient strength and would have failed. The separation and billowing of the roof tarp was found not to be a cause of the collapse, because the collapse sequence had already begun before the membrane added additional forces. Design, construction, and inspection The report also pointed out a number of procedural factors that either contributed to the structural problems or prevented them from being discovered: The catalog provided by the structure manufacturer, James Thomas Engineering, did not contain enough information to properly design the structure. When the same structure was reviewed by an engineer from James Thomas Engineering in 2010, the analysis was inadequate. There was no engineering review of the Sugarland rigging plot before it was affixed to the structure. The installation of the structure deviated from the directions provided in the analysis by the engineer from James Thomas Engineering (in addition to the analysis being inadequate). There was no engineering review of the structure after it was erected by Mid America Sound Corporation. The State of Indiana governing code waived important requirements for temporary structures such as the one that collapsed. The Indiana State Fair Commission staff did not have the appropriate information or knowledge about the structure to evaluate its use during the fair. Preparedness, communication, and response Several issues were found with the level of preparedness and the actions of State Fair officials and Sugarland representatives on the evening of the incident that contributed to the number of casualties: The Indiana State Fair Commission had taken some steps to prepare for an emergency, but the overall state of preparedness was not adequate for an event the size of the Indiana State Fair. The Indiana State Fair Commission also lacked formal protocols for delaying, postponing, or cancelling a production. As a result, it was not clear who had the authority to make decisions regarding the concert. Weather forecasts were