Jonah. "Abu" also forms family names, as in the case of Abudarham or Abulafia. The Arabic article "al" appears in quite a number of names, as in Al-Ḥarisi. Usage The secular name is the name that appears in civil documents. The "shem hakodesh" usually appears only in connection with Jewish religious observances, for example, a record of circumcision (brit), in a marriage contract (ketubah), a writ of divorce (get) or on a memorial stone. Often, both names appear together, e.g. Menachem Mendel, Jehuda Leib. See Also Kunya (Arabic) References Ashkenazi Jews topics Sephardi Jews topics Jewish languages