companies arose (11 in metallurgy, 12 in gold-platinum), including those with French, Belgian and British capital. In the 1910s, there were more than 260 thousand workers in the province, 80% of the enterprises had more than 500 workers. The mining enterprises (mining and production of copper, iron, steel and pig iron, gold, platinum, hard coal and salt) occupied the middle belt of the Governorate on the territory of the Ural mountain range and covered the districts of Perm, Solikamsk and Cherdynsk on the western side of the range and Verkhotursk, Ekaterinburg, Krasnoufimsk and parts of Kamyshlov and Irbit on the eastern side. By the beginning of the 20th century, the manufacture of simple agricultural machinery and implements, which were supplied outside the Governorate, had developed considerably. Agriculture and trades Cereals (rye, oats, barley) were sown almost throughout the Governorate, but with different successes. The main producers were the southern districts - Shadrinsky, Kamyshlovsky, Krasnoufimsky and Osinsky. In the southern districts, significant quantities of wheat, millet and buckwheat were grown, as well as flax for seed production. In the Okha, Kungur, Perm and Irbit uyezds the yields were average, and in the Cherdyn, Verkhotursk, Solikamsk uyezds and the Ekaterinburg uyezd there was not enough bread even for the rural population. Vegetarianism was a widespread occupation, but not gardening - fruit bushes (gooseberry, raspberry) were bred. Beekeeping was developed in Krasnovfimsk, Osinsk, Okha and Kungur districts. Cattle breeding was developed in the Shadrinsk uyezd among the Bashkirs. Horses were bred predominantly. Cattle were kept mainly for local needs. In the Cherdyn and Verkhotursk uyezds, the Mansi were engaged in reindeer breeding. For the rural inhabitants of Solikamsk, Cherdyn and partly Verkhotursk districts hunting, wood felling, shipbuilding and charcoal burning for mining plants were subsidiary occupations. Due to the lack of artificial transport routes carriage trade was of vital importance. Zemstvo turned its attention to the development of dairy processing, hand weaving and beekeeping. On the initiative of zemstvo, in 1896, the instructors were sent to the province to teach the population the basics of butter and weaving. The development of cottage industries was promoted by the Artisanal and Industrial Bank of the Perm provincial zemstvo. Administrative division Perm Governorate was divided into 12 uyezds. European part: Permsky Uyezd Krasnoufimsky Uyezd Kungursky Uyezd Osinsky Uyezd Okhansky Uyezd Solikamsky Uyezd Cherdynsky Uyezd Asian part: Verkhotursky Uyezd Yekaterinburgsky Uyezd Irbitsky Uyezd Kamyshlovsky Uyezd Shadrinsky Uyezd