Improvements in the management of diabetes mellitus in the twentieth century have made it possible for athletes with diabetes to compete in sport at a professional level. While it is rare for professional athletes to have type 2 diabetes, a number of notable athletes have type 1. Literature on the management of diabetes in competitive sports focuses on the difficulties with balancing energy and insulin intake during periods of strenuous exercise. The following is a list of notable sportspeople who have had diabetes during their careers. It does not include athletes diagnosed after retirement. American football Jay Cutler, Denver Broncos (2006–2008) and Chicago Bears (2009–2016) quarterback, type 1. Mike Echols, Tennessee Titans (2002–2004) cornerback, type 1. Kendall Simmons, Pittsburgh Steelers (2002–2008) guard, type 1. Jake Byrne, San Diego Chargers, tight end, type 1 John Chick, Saskatchewan Roughriders (2007–2009, 2013–), Indianapolis Colts (2010–11), Jacksonville Jaguars (2011–2012) defensive end, type 1 Patrick Peterson, Arizona Cardinals (2011–2020) and Minnesota Vikings (2021–); cornerback, type 2 Mark Andrews, Baltimore Ravens, tight end, type 1 Noah Gray, Kansas City Chiefs, tight end, type 1 Chad Muma, Jacksonville Jaguars, linebacker, type 1. Australian football Nathan Bassett, Adelaide, type 1. Jamie Cripps, St Kilda and West Coast, type 1. Jack Fitzpatrick, Melbourne, Hawthorn type 1. Brandon Jack, Sydney, type 1. Paddy McCartin, St Kilda, Sydney, type 1. Sam Reid, Western Bulldogs and Greater Western Sydney, type 1. Dale Weightman, Richmond, type 1. Baseball Ron Santo, Chicago Cubs (1960–1973) and Chicago White Sox (1974) infielder, type 1, deceased (2010 at age 70). Sam Fuld, Chicago Cubs (2007–2010), Tampa Bay Rays (2011–2013), and Oakland Athletics (2014–) outfielder, later General Manager of the Philadelphia Phillies, type 1. Mark Lowe, Seattle Mariners (2006–2010, 2015), Texas Rangers (2010–2012), Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim (2013), Cleveland Indians (2014), Toronto Blue Jays (2015), and Detroit Tigers (2016–) pitcher, type 1. Brandon Morrow, Seattle Mariners (2007–2009) and Toronto Blue Jays (2010–2014) pitcher, type 1. Dustin McGowan, Toronto Blue Jays (2005–2008, 2011, 2013–2014), Philadelphia Phillies (2015), and Miami Marlins (2016–) pitcher, type 1. Jackie Robinson, Brooklyn Dodgers (1947–1956), type 2, deceased (1972 at age 53). Bill Gullickson, Montreal Expos (1979–1994), type 1 Adam Duvall, Cincinnati Reds (2015–), type 1 Garrett Mitchell, Milwaukee Brewers (2020-), type 1 James "Catfish" Hunter, Kansas City/Oakland Athletics (1965-1974) and New York Yankees (1975-1979) pitcher, type 1, deceased (1999 at age 53 of ALS) Dave Hollins, multiple teams (1990–2002), 1993 all-star, type 1