In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Tamluk CD Block was 7,516 hectares, out 500 hectares were irrigated by tank water, 700 hectares by deep tube wells, 16 hectares by shallow tube wells, 100 hectares by river lift irrigation and 6,200 hectares by other means. Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of bargadars to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented fully. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants. Following land reforms land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Tamluk CD Block could be classified as follows: bargadars 5.22%, patta (document) holders 2.69%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 1.04%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 34.57% and agricultural labourers 56.49%. In 2013-14, Tamluk CD Block produced 895 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 1,432 hectares, 17,889 tonnes of Boro paddy, the spring crop, from 4,885 hectares, 3 tonnes of Aus paddy, the summer crop, from 4 hectares, 1,322 tonnes of wheat from 504 hectares, 785 tonne of jute from 58 hectares and 15 tonnes of potatoes from 1 hectare. It also produced pulses and oil seeds. Betelvine is a major source of livelihood in Purba Medinipur district, particularly in Tamluk and Contai subdivisions. Betelvine production in 2008-09 was the highest amongst all the districts and was around a third of the total state production. In 2008-09, Purba Mednipur produced 2,789 tonnes of cashew nuts from 3,340 hectares of land. Pisciculture Purba Medinipur's net district domestic product derives one fifth of its earnings from fisheries, the highest amongst all the districts of West Bengal. The nett area available for effective pisciculture in Tamluk CD Block in 2013-14 was 876.00 hectares. 4,126 persons were engaged in the profession and approximate annual production was 33,376 quintals. Banking In 2013-14, Tamluk CD Block had offices of 7 commercial banks and 2 gramin banks. Backward Regions Grant Fund Medinipur East district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the Backward Regions Grant Fund. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts