to recognize inequality for both Black people and women of any color concurrently and was the president of the National Council of Negro Women for forty years. Height started working as a caseworker with the New York City Welfare Department, and at the age of 25, she began a career as a civil rights activist and joined the National Council of Negro Women. During the Civil Rights Movement, Height organized "Wednesdays in Mississippi," which brought together both Black and white women from the North and South to create a dialogue of understanding. She fought for equal rights for both Black people and women of all races. Height was one of the only known women to partake in the organization of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. Upon working with Martin Luther King Jr., Height stated that King had once told her that Height was responsible for making The NAACP look acceptable during difficult times in the movement. In his autobiography, civil rights leader James Farmer described Height as one of the "Big Six" of the Civil Rights Movement as behind the scenes and sharing the podium with Dr. King, but noted that her role was frequently ignored by the press due to sexism. Height was also a founding member of the Council for United Civil Rights Leadership. Septima Clark is most known for establishing "Citizenship Schools" that taught reading to adults throughout the Deep South. These schools played an important role in the drive for voting rights and civil rights for Black people in the Civil Rights Movement and served as a means to empower Black communities. Clark's goals for the schools were to provide self-pride, cultural-pride, literacy, and a sense of one's citizenship rights. Teaching reading literacy helped countless Black southerners push for the right to vote and developed future leaders across the country. The citizenship schools were also seen as a form of support to Martin Luther King Jr. in the nonviolent Civil Rights Movement. Clark became known as the "Queen mother" or "Grandmother" of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States, and Martin Luther King Jr. commonly referred to Clark as "The Mother of the Movement". Abolition of police departments Since the 1960s, municipal governments have increasingly spent larger portions of their budgets on law enforcement than social and rehabilitation services. Ideas to reallocate funds from law enforcement to social services were not novel