Source: O Grady Agnew and Broidy next hypothesized that there may be differences not only in the types of strain, but in the emotional response to strain as well: Source: O Grady Research indicated that women might lack the confidence and the self-esteem that may be conducive to committing crime and employ escape and avoidance methods to relieve the strain. Women may, however, have stronger relational ties that might help to reduce strain. Men are said to be lower in social control, and they socialize in large groups. Women, on the other hand, form close social bonds in small groups. Therefore, men are more likely to respond to strain with crime. General Strain Theory of Terrorism In 2010, Robert Agnew published a research paper applying Strain Theory to Terrorism. He finds that terrorism is most likely when people experience ‘collective strains’ that are: high in magnitude, with civilians affected unjust inflicted by significantly more powerful others, including ‘complicit’ civilians Criticisms and Policy Recommendations Criticisms The theory is too complex for any everyday person to understand, it's really hard to test because of how complex it is. By receiving very mixed results of what has been tested and the theory does not explain the why factor: "Why does a person commit a crime or crimes?" The criticisms were made because of the research conducted by Agnew in the early 1990s. The authors of the textbook: Criminology: Theory, Research, and Policy (Fifth Edition) found that these were the main issues the theory had laid out in front of them. Policy Recommendations: The class of Professor Greenman's Theories of Criminal Behavior found the best way to prevent crimes because of this hypothesized theory is as follows: Using different forms of therapy to help people who have anger management problems. Teaching people how to respond to strain a person may experience through teaching coping mechanisms that are behavioral, emotional and cognitive driven. Another way to reduce the amount of strain a person may experience is prescribing medications to them. References Criminology Psychological theories Sociological theories