but was obliged to pay tribute and became dependent on the Roman administration in Syria. The kingdom was dismembered and was forced to relinquish the coastal plain, depriving it of access to the Mediterranean, as well as parts of Idumea and Samaria. Several Hellenistic cities were granted autonomy to form the Decapolis, leaving the state greatly diminished. References Notes Bibliography Josephus, Flavius. William Whiston, A.M., translator (1895). The Works of Flavius Josephus. Auburn and Buffalo, New York: John E. Beardsley. Retrieved 15 July 2010. 0063 1st-century BCE Judaism 60s BC conflicts 63 BC Jews and Judaism in the Roman Republic Hasmonean dynasty Jerusalem 63 Wars involving the Hasmonean Kingdom