Mudburra, also spelt Mudbura, Mudbarra and other variants, and also known as Pinkangama, is an Aboriginal language of Australia. McConvell suspects Karrangpurru was a dialect of Mudburra because people said it was similar. However, it is undocumented and thus formally unclassifiable. The language Mudburra is native to the western area of Barkly Region, southern area of Sturt Plateau and eastern area of Victoria River District, in Northern Territory Australia. Furthermore, the areas in which the Mudbura people live are Yingawunarri (Top Springs), Marlinja (Newcastle Waters Station), Kulumindini (Elliott) and Stuart Highway. Information from the 2016 Australian census documented that there were 96 people speaking the Mudburra language, while other reports state that fewer than 10 people speak it fluently. It was also reported that children do not learn the traditional form of the language any more. Classification The Mudbura language is classified under the family Pama- Nyungan and the subgroup Ngumpin- Yapa. Mudbura is subdivided as Eastern Mudbura dialect (also called Kuwaarrangu) and Western Mudbura dialect (also called Kuwirrinji) by native speakers. This separation occurred due to the communication with speakers of other languages or dialects that happened over time. Proximately associated languages are Gurindji, Bilinarra, and Ngarinyman. History During the pre- European era, the Mudbura people practiced seasonal migration. They resided around and south of the Murranji stock path, as well as the eastern side of Victoria River. The Mudbura country was very arid and so the natives had to cover long distances to accommodate food search and other needs. In the mid-1800s the Europeans arrived in the Barkley area and Victoria River and the first expedition of Victoria River occurred in 1855 by Augustus Charles Gregor’s party. In 1861 John McDouall Stuart and his party explored for the first time the Barkly Tablelands in search for a path from south to north. Stuart named the water source “Newcastle Water” after his Grace the Duke of Newcastle, Secretary for the Colonies. After examining it, it was apparent to him that this tributary was frequently occupied by the Mudbura people and neighboring communities as a water and food source. In 1883, Newcastle Waters Station and Wave Hill Station were established and stocked with livestock. As a result, the Mudbura people were being driven off their grounds from both sides. The livestock farming that begun taking place in these areas resulted in significant changes on their environment and resources that had