victory claims. This figure includes 78 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and six on the Western Front, including two four-engined bombers. Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 3936". The Luftwaffe grid map () covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about . These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 × 4 km in size. Awards Iron Cross (1939) 2nd and 1st Class Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 30 August 1941 as Oberleutnant and Staffelkapitän of the 8./Jagdgeschwader 3. German Cross in Gold on 19 September 1942 as Oberleutnant in the 8./Jagdgeschwader 3 Notes References Citations Bibliography 1918 births 1944 deaths Military personnel from Berlin People from the Province of Brandenburg German World War II flying aces Luftwaffe pilots Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross Recipients of the Gold German Cross Aviators killed by being shot down Luftwaffe personnel killed in World War II Burials at Ysselsteyn German war cemetery