the male fertilize them. Female R. variabilis usually lay around 2-6 eggs in water. The species also has a promiscuous mating system, meaning males and females mated randomly and polygynously. R. variabilis exhibit little to no mate fidelity. Male R. variabilis form arboreal perches in the presence of females. The calling frequency increases as the male approach the female. Calling only occurs when males attempt to attract females. R. variabilis usually makes buzzing calls ranging from 106 – 297 pulses per second, each pulse ranging from 0.14 to 0.44 seconds and intervals ranging from 0.6 to 2.0 seconds. These short high-frequency calls, 4386 – 5624 Hz, calls are common among other frogs within the same variabilis group. Two males wrestle to determine dominance when they come into conflict over a female. The winner has the opportunity to fertilize the eggs first. The subordinate male has the chance to fertilize the egg after the dominant male while the dominant male continues to court the female, even after the initial fertilization. This fertilization process can repeat in multiple cycles. Oviposition R. variabilis often choose to breed in phytotelma, a small pool of water captured by plant cavities. Using phytotelmas may reduce the risk of predation because of the scattered location of water. However, this limits the space for tadpole development and increases intraspecies competition, leading to cannibalism among tadpoles. R. variabilis are found to use two species of plants, Bromeliaceous and Dieffenbachias, for tadpole deposition. The average pool size of these phytotelmas is around 112 milliliters. Researchers have found that adult R. variabilis avoid laying eggs in phytotelmas with non-familiar tadpoles but would not avoid phytotelmas with tadpoles that they have placed there themselves. One explanation for this phenomenon is that occasionally adults would attempt to feed tadpoles with eggs. A piece of evidence for this is observations of egg deposition with tadpoles during the dry season, when tadpoles are developing. Unlike their close relatives R. imitato and R. vanzolinii, R. variabilis lay their eggs just below water level to keep the eggs moisturized, have access to oxygen, and possibly as food if placed with tadpoles. In R. variabilis, oviposition is not closely related to the home range. Parental care R. Variabilis exhibits uniparental male care. Females do not return to phytotelmas for egg feeding. Although R. Variabilis are unable to recognize kinship or their own offspring, they often return to the