subsidiaries has led to stagnation and a lack of development or innovation in these subsidiaries. This is especially strong in regards to Goodreads; Input Magazine called the book metadata platform "ancient and terrible" and argued that it functions too much like an early 2000s digital library with no developments to suit the evolving nature of book metadata acquisition or reader activity online. New Statesman also criticized Goodreads, calling the platform "stagnated" and a "monopoly on the discussion of new books", "bad for books" and "what should be a cozy, pleasant corner of the internet has become a monster." Outages of AWS Amazon's Amazon Web Services, a cloud-computing branch of the company, is used by a vast number of major western corporations, as well as other services such as healthcare, media, food delivery and government platforms. In 2021, a series of outages occurred which caused the temporary shutdown of most of these platforms, which included not only direct Amazon subsidiaries but also Netflix, Tinder, McDonald's, Sweetgreen, Disney+ and Roku, among many other platforms. Some colleges and universities that used Amazon Web Services had to postpone exams and scheduled tests and assignment due dates because of the outages. Amazon delivery drivers also experienced an inability to properly deliver packages, while Amazon tech products such as its Ring doorbell and Alexa also ceased working. The servers where Amazon Web Services hosts its data are unknown to the general public, and so hacking was not suspected. Journalists Aaron Gregg and Drew Harwell were critical of the outages, stating, "the disruptions affect millions of people on an increasingly interconnected Web: we are putting more eggs into fewer and fewer baskets. More eggs get broken that way." It has never been made entirely clear what caused the outages, although Amazon did respond to Insider with a statement calling the outages "an AWS service event that affected Amazon Operations and other customers". Environmental impact Climate policy In 2018, Amazon emitted 44.4 million metric tons of . In November 2018, a community action group opposed the construction permit delivered to Goodman Group for the construction of a logistics platform Amazon will operate at Lyon–Saint-Exupéry Airport. In February 2019, Étienne Tête filed a request on behalf of a second regional community action group asking the administrative court to decide whether the platform served a sufficiently important public interest to justify its environmental impact. Construction has been suspended while these