The Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal is awarded by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences "for meritorious work in zoology or paleontology study published in a three- to five-year period." Named after Daniel Giraud Elliot, it was first awarded in 1917. List of Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal winners Source: National Academy of Sciences Günter P. Wagner (2018) For his fundamental contributions to the integration of developmental and evolutionary biology, including his rich and penetrating book Homology, Genes and Evolutionary Innovation, which will orient research in evolutionary developmental biology for decades to come. Jonathan B. Losos (2012) For his novel and penetrating studies of adaptive radiation in vertebrates, notably his comprehensive study of Anolis lizards in tropical America, as summarized in his recent book, Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree: Ecology and Adaptive Radiation of Anoles . Jennifer A. Clack (2008) For studies of the first terrestrial vertebrates and the water-to-land transition, as illuminated in her book Gaining Ground: The Origin and Evolution of Tetrapods . Rudolf A. Raff (2004) For creative accomplishments in research, teaching, and writing (especially The Shape of Life) that led to the establishment of a new field, evolutionary developmental biology. Geerat J. Vermeij (2000) For his extracting major generalizations about biological evolution from the fossil record of a raccoon, by feeling details of shell anatomy that other scientists only see. John Terborgh (1996) For his research on the ecology, sociobiology, biodiversity, and plant phenology of the tropics, and for his 1992 book, Diversity and the Tropical Rain Forest. George C. Williams (1992) For his seminal contributions to current evolutionary thought, including the importance of natural selection and adaptation, and the understanding of sexual reproduction, social behavior, senescence, and disease. Jon Edward Ahlquist and Charles G. Sibley (1988) For their application of DNA hybridization techniques to bird classification which revolutionized taxonomy by showing at last how to distinguish evolutionary relationships from convergent similarities. G. Evelyn Hutchinson (1984) For his work as a limnologist, biochemist, ecologist, evolutionist, art historian, ranking among our zoological giants. G. Arthur Cooper and Richard E. Grant (1979) For the six-volume treatise on the taxonomy, paleoecology, and evolutionary significance of the West Texas permian brachiopods. Howard E. Evans (1976) For his work over a 25-year span on the biology and evolution of behavior in wasps. Richard D. Alexander (1971) For his outstanding fundamental work on the systematic, evolution, and behavior of crickets. Ernst Mayr (1967) For