their dacha. Living in apartments also means fewer losses of energy spent on heating, each apartment block having one central heating system in the basement that can be either publicly or privately run. Conclusion Compact cities are designed to keep residents in close proximity to everything they need for daily living, including shopping, education, housing, and work. The rationale of this urban development model is to reduce the amount of time people spend commuting, as well as to reduce fossil fuel usage and to increase the sustainability of developments. While compact cities promise short commutes and sustainable designs, these benefits are not guaranteed. The problems preventing the desired outcomes include failure to consider the concentrated impact of dense populations on the environment and lack of planning for green space and pollution control. If planning addresses these issues and innovates to solve problems, everything promised by compact cities can be delivered. See also 15-minute city Circles of Sustainability Community Preservation Act Fused grid Healthy city Land value tax New Urbanism Planned community Principles of Intelligent Urbanism Slow architecture Traditional Neighborhood Development Transit-oriented development Urban density Urban sprawl Ville Radieuse References External links Compact City Performance Based Building New Urbanism Urban planning