Wen Tsung-yao () (1876 – November 30, 1947), courtesy name Qinfu (欽甫), was a politician and diplomat in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. In the late Qing era, he belonged to the pro-reform group. In the era of the Republic, he participated in the Sun Yat-sen's Canton Militarist Government. However, during the invasion of Japanese, he was a leading politician in the Reformed Government of the Republic of China and the Wang Jingwei regime, which were puppets state installed by the Japanese. He was born in Sunning (, now Taishan), Kwangtung. Biography In late Qing Dynasty He entered the Government Central School, Hong Kong (), and Sun Yat-sen was his schoolmate. He was a member of the Furen Literary Society which advocated revolution against the Qing Dynasty. In 1895 Wen joined the Revive China Society founded by Sun. In 1897 he studied at the Imperial Tientsin University (), after graduating, he became an English teacher of the Queen's College(, reformed from the Government Central School). Later he became a secretary for Feng Keyi () who engaged in the work for negotiating to United Kingdom. In July 1900 Wen Tsung-yao participated in the Independence Army uprising () which was organized by pr-reform leader Tang Caichang (), and Wen was appointed a representative for foreign affairs to Shanghai. In next month, Tang failed to rise in rebellion against Qing Dynasty and was executed. Wen escaped to Southern China and got positions under the Viceroy of Liangguang (). From 1903 to 1908, he successively held the positions of Chief of Foreign Affairs Bureau of Liangguang (), Director to the Telephone Administration of Guangdong, Director to the Military Cadets' Academy of Guangdong (廣東將辦學堂), etc. In 1904 he was sent to India as Deputy Envoy to negotiate with the British Government over the question of British trade in Tibet () and a member of the Tang Shaoyi's party. In same August Wen returned to China, and became a secretary for foreign affairs to the Viceroy of Liangguang Cen Chunxuan. In 1908 Wen Tsung-yao was appointed Deputy President reside in Tibet () as the representative of Qing Dynasty. On that time, United Kingdom's influence to Dalai Lama XIII was strengthened. So Wen wanted to recover Qing's influence, and insisted that Qing's troops station at Tibet to Dalai Lama XIII. But Dalai Lama XIII had protested against Qing's troops entered to Tibet, he fled