Lange (assistant of Arturo Toscanini in New York City, later conductor at the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, best known for numerous recordings with the Wagner soprano Kirsten Flagstad) was the oldest son of Paul Lange. Paul Lange was a close friend of fellow German lecturer Dr Friedrich Schrader, also faculty member at Robert College in the 1890s. References John Freely, A History of Robert College: Yapi Kredi, Istanbul; 1st edition (July 2000), (mentions Paul Lange as teacher at the American College for Girls in the 1890s) Schlegel, Dietrich: Paul Lange Bey – Ein deutscher Musiker im Osmanischen Reich, Mitteilungen der Deutsch-Türkischen Gesellschaft, 115(12/1992), S. 36-47 Emre Araci: Paul Lange Bey: in: Memleketimiz Dersaadet (Daheim in Konstantinopel), Pagma Verlag, Nürnberg, 2014, , S. 165-184 (in German and Turkish) 1857 births 1919 deaths German expatriates in the Ottoman Empire 19th-century German musicians 19th-century German male musicians