Artists, who exhibited regularly at the Royal Academy of Arts and elsewhere in London. Women artists, furthermore, were largely overlooked for WAAC commissions, comprising around 13 percent of all artists commissioned in the Second World War, while those who received commissions, including Laura Knight, mostly worked to short-term contracts. War subjects by women artists were nonetheless exhibited and collected throughout the war, and a number were selectively purchased by the WAAC, even if not commissioned. Largely, 'women's subjects' concerned the war effort, including nursing, their work as members of the Women's Auxiliary Air Force, or as Air Raid Precautions wardens, and a number of female artists depicted ruin scenes of the Blitz. Today such works are celebrated as important examples of British war art. Works by artists outside of official commissioning schemes have been purchased for the nation as records of modern conflict, and these are wide-ranging and insightful, shedding light on a broader range of perspectives, including those of Service personnel who make art, and of emigre or refugee artists. Today artists work with the British Armed Forces to ensure contemporary conflicts are covered – maintaining the tradition of the artist's record – while museums continue both to commission and purchase war art for the nation. Armed Forces and independent war artists Cuthbert Orde (Second World War, RAF commission) William Rothenstein (Second World War, RAF commission) Frank Wootton (artist) (Second World War, RAF / RCAF commission) David Rowlands (Bosnia, Kosovo, Iraq, Afghanistan) Alixandra Fazzina (Bosnia, 1995; Army commission) Matthew Cook (Afghanistan, 2006-9 – 'Times Official War Artist') Jules George (Afghanistan, 2010, Ministry of Defence posted with the Army) See also Military art Norman Wilkinson (artist) War artist War photography References McCloskey, Barbara. (2005). Artists of World War II. Westport: Greenwood Press. ; Further reading Gallatin, Albert Eugene. Art and the Great War. (New York: E.P. Dutton, 1919). Harrington, Peter. British Artists and War: The Face of Battle in Paintings and Prints, 1700–1914. (London: Greenhill, 1993). Haycock, David Boyd. "A Crisis of Brilliance: Five Young British Artists and the Great War". (London: Old Street Publishing). Hichberger, J.W.M. (1988). Images of the Army: The Military in British Art 1815–1914. Manchester: University Press. Knott, Richard, The Sketchbook War. The History Press, 2013. Sillars, Stuart (1987). Art and Survival in First World War Britain. Basingstoke: Macmillan. Holme, Charles. The war depicted by distinguished British artists (The Studio Ltd., 1918). External links Ministry of