a long time (as probably extinct in Bohemia and critically endangered (CR) in Moravia). However, after the elevation of Pupilla pratensis to species level in 2009, the revision showed that Pupilla alpicola does not live in the Czech Republic, and that all of the snails that were previously thought to be that species in the Czech Republic are in fact Pupilla pratensis. There were found six populations of Pupilla pratensis in the Czech Republic. Slovakia - one population in SW Slovakia Bakhchysarai Raion and Sevastopol, Crimean Mountains, Crimea The type locality is Dinkelscherben near Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany. Pupilla pratensis probably also occurs in Austria, Switzerland, Hungary and England. Ecology Pupilla pratensis is typical habitat specialist. It is a pronounced hygrophilous species, inhabiting open, richer, often calcareous moist and wetland habitats. In Scandinavia it occurs in calcareous fens and meadows. The character of the sites in SE Norway (calcareous fen, sloping wetlands with springs) is in good accordance with this and with the habitats of Pupilla pratensis in Sweden; where it occurs as a typical species of open calcareous fens or wet, moist calcareous meadows. In Nordland County, Norway the habitats are of a different type, calcareous, rocky slopes close to the sea. Probably the wet climate in the western, coastal Norway makes it possible for the species to widen its ecological occurrence. Unfortunately, this habitat type, treeless calcareous fens, is very rare, mostly isolated and nowadays highly threatened by draining and successional changes after the cessation of regular mowing and grazing. Therefore, the records are very important for nature conservation and much attention should be paid to extant populations. The species’ ecology is similar to that of Pupilla alpicola. References This article incorporates public domain text from the reference and CC-BY-3.0 text from the reference and CC-BY-4.0 text from the reference External links Pupillidae Gastropods described in 1871