community. Geographic distribution Pakistan There are an estimated 14.7 million muhajirs in Pakistan. Most of these Muhajirs are settled in the towns and cities of Pakistan mainly those of Urban Sindh, such as Karachi, Hyderabad, Mirpur Khas and Sukkur, Muhajir pockets are also found in other metropolises of Pakistan such as Islamabad and Lahore. The muhajir dominance of Urban sindh has led to that region being referred to as Urdu-speaking Sindh. Bangladesh Over 300,000 Biharis are currently settled in the urban areas of Bangladesh. These Urdu-speaking Muslims, mainly from Bihar, migrated to East Pakistan after the Partition of India. These migrants were mostly educated so they were easily absorbed in the fields of education, medicine, railways, police, armed forces and other important cadres. After the formation of Bangladesh in 1971, the Biharis maintained their loyalty to Pakistan and demanded repatriation from Bangladesh to Pakistan. At that time about 500,000 muhajirs were settled in Bangladesh, 178,000 have been repatriated, while the remaining 300,000 are still settled in Bangladesh. In 2003, these Muhajirs were granted nationality and the right to vote. As a result, the Pakistani government stated that the remaining 'Stranded Pakistanis' are not its responsibility but rather the responsibility of Bangladesh. These muhajirs are settled mainly in Shahjahan Pur, Kamla Pur, Motijheel, Purana Pultan, Nawabpur road, Nawab Bari, Thatheri Bazar, Moulvi Bazar, Armani Tola, Islam Pur, Azim Pur, Saddar Ghat, Eskatan, Dhanmandi, Dhakeshwari, Neel Khet. History Pre-Partition Mughal Empire and Indian Rebellion of 1857 The ancestors of the present day muhajirs started gaining political and cultural influence during the reign of the mughal emperor, Shah Alam II, who gave urdu the status of literary language, and replaced Persian as the language of the Muslim elite. Prior to the Indian Rebellion of 1857, British territories in South Asia were controlled by the East India Company. The company maintained the fiction of running the territories on behalf of the Urdu-speaking Mughal empire. The Rebellion was initiated by the mutiny of the 3rd Bengal Light Cavalry in Meerut, which was composed mainly of Indian Muslims, capturing Delhi and massacring its garrison. 75% of the cavalry branch of the British native army was composed of Urdu-speaking Indian Muslims. The defeat of Mutineers in 1857 -1858 led to the abolition of the Mughal empire and the British government taking direct control of the Indian territories. In the immediate aftermath of the rebellion, upper-class Muslims, the