the primary vector of St. Louis encephalitis virus. In India and Southeast Asia, it is the primary vector of Wuchereria bancrofti, a nematode that causes lymphatic filariasis. It acts as an intermediate host for the helminth parasite by harbouring the larval stages. In Hawaii, it is the principal vector of avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum), to which historic extinctions and significant contemporary population declines in Hawaii's native honeycreeper species are attributed. It is the definitive host for the malarial parasite as it harbours the sexual cycle. In 2013 West Nile Virus positive specimens were collected in Southern California. References External links Disease monger Identification guide at University of Florida NSW Arbovirus Surveillance & Vector Monitoring Program Taxonomy at UniProt quinquefasciatus Insects described in 1823 Insect vectors of pathogens