The Bundeswehr (raid-) commando course (German: Einzelkämpferlehrgang) is a course conducted by the German Bundeswehr. The course was established in the early 1980s and is aimed on testing the physical and mental endurance of participants. It teaches special skills and tactics necessary to operate and survive under stressful conditions, and Jagdkampf advanced infantry tactics. Until recently the Einzelkämpferlehrgang was a requirement for becoming an officer in the Bundeswehr. However, it became optional for officers and for NCOs. The course was taught at the German paratrooper school in Altenstadt, Upper Bavaria, now only at the German infantry school in Hammelburg. It is still a requirement for officers of combat troops, while for non-combat troops it has been replaced by a dedicated survival course (German: Lehrgang infanteristischer Kompetenzerhalt). The unarmed close quarter combat instructor part of the Advanced course has been modified into its own separate course in 2010. It now closely follows the Krav Maga curriculum. close quarter combat is still part of the basic course curriculum. The course is separated into two parts: Basic course (Grundlehrgang) EKL1 Survival-skills Small unit tactics Advanced course (Leistungslehrgang) EKL2 Instructor certification for previously acquired skills Leadership and advanced infantry minor tactics. Guerrilla warfare fundamentals Sample schedule for basic course Week 1 Arrival 3000m track and obstacle course, classroom instruction, receiving firearms, briefing Relocating to training area, speedy march (with the least resting possible), training in camouflage and firearms, transporting wounded soldiers Classroom instruction, navigation exercise in day and night 3000m track and obstacle course, instruction in knots Week 2 3000m track, obstacle course, ambushing, hand-to-hand fighting (Krav Maga since 2008) Rappelling, Zodiac boats, ambushing Rappelling, crossing rivers, hand-to-hand fighting, obstacle course Hand-to-hand fighting, obstacle course Week 3 "Hungerweek" max. 1 MRE per week Camouflage, hand-to-hand fighting, obstacle course, night navigation exercise, setting up bivouac SERE exercise 24-hour exercise including transportation of wounded soldiers Survival skills, hand-to-hand fighting Hand-to-hand fighting Week 4 Final exercises, 70 km march Debriefing, awarding of Einzelkämpfer patch by commander Sample schedule for advanced course Week 1 Arrival Introduction, initial physical fitness test (obstacle course in less than 1:50 min, 7000m march with 20 kg backpack in less than 52min) Training in firearms and equipment (ropes, radios, etc.), classroom instruction Hand-to-hand fighting, land navigation, parachute jump Hand-to-hand fighting Week 2 Relocation to Sauwald, instruction in handling explosives, instruction in ambushing, map reading Rock climbing in Füssen Basics of commando actions Ambushing