Jan's head was cut off by Chinese Muslim troops and sent to the local parade ground to be used as a ball in soccer (football) games. Battle of Yarkand Ma Zhancang and Ma Fuyuan's Chinese Muslim troops defeated Uighur and Afghan volunteers sent by Afghan King Mohammed Zahir Shah and exterminated them all. The emir Abdullah Bughra was killed and beheaded, his head put on display at Idgah mosque. Charkhlik Revolt The New 36th Division under Gen. Ma Hushan crushed a revolt by Uighurs in the Charkliq oasis in 1935. More than 100 Uighurs were executed, and the family of the Uighur leader was taken as hostage. Misinformation Some misinformation had been spread by contemporaneous accounts of the Kumul Rebellion. Swiss writer Ella K. Maillart reported, inaccurately, that the Kizil massacre was an attack of Chinese Muslims and Uyghurs on a group of Kirghiz and Han Chinese. More recent sources prove that it was an attack of Kirghiz and Uyghurs on a group of Han Chinese and Chinese Muslims. She also falsely reported that during the battle of Kashgar the Chinese Muslim and Turkic (Uyghur) troops first took the city from the Han Chinese and Kirghiz and then fought among themselves. In reality, the Kirghiz defected from Ma Shaowu and formed their own army, and the Chinese Muslim force under Ma Zhancang joined Ma Shaowu. See also Amur Military Flotilla Manchouli Incident Sino-Soviet conflict (1929) Soviet Invasion of Xinjiang Islamic rebellion in Xinjiang (1937) Ili Rebellion References Wars involving the Republic of China Wars involving the Soviet Union Xinjiang Wars Conflicts in 1931 Conflicts in 1932 Conflicts in 1933 Conflicts in 1934 1930 in China 1931 in China 1932 in China 1933 in China 1934 in China China–Soviet Union relations Military history of the Republic of China (1912–1949)