feared by his countrymen" in the Italian colony, according to the central investigator of his murder- Capt. Cudmore of the 3rd Precinct Chicago Police. On the evening of June 5, 1910, Filippo Catalano was shot five times and died one hour later in the People's Hospital. Before he died, he observed the gangland principle of omertà (total silence), and never mentioned the name of his assailant. It was common for Italian/ Sicilian men not to identify their assailant to the police. Although an investigation turned up the name Eugeno Monaco as the murderer, Filippo Catalano was allegedly killed by Johnny Torrio. Monaco may have been the triggerman working for Torrio. Black Hand Assassination On March 27, Filippo Catalano (from above) was alleged to have shot John Jocko in front of 1821 South State Street. Witnesses identified Catalano as the shooter, but the victim, who survived the shooting, would not prosecute. Catalano was eventually released. Later that year, Catalano was murdered (as described above). He was in the Vesuvius restaurant- a place frequented by Chicago's night life. On June 5, 1910, Catalano walked out of the restaurant at approximately 3 a.m. with Edgar K Accetta, a New York lawyer in town on business, and a third man, Eugeno Monaco. The three men were walking toward an approaching car when Monaco allegedly drew a revolver and shot Catalano five times. Catalano's killer fled the scene on foot. He escaped, and his traces ended at the Rock Island Pacific Railroad tracks where he disappeared. Filippo Catalano's death occurred within the 1909-1911 time period that Johnny Torrio was assigned to assassinate Chicago Black Hand gangsters who were extorting his uncle. It is believed he was behind Catalano's murder. By 1920, Black Hand activity had all but faded. Johnny Torrio went on to run and organize the Chicago Outfit. Giordiani case Another death was that of Maria Giordiani in 1911. She was a 4 year old Italian immigrant child whose body was found with a gunshot wound on her bedroom floor. Her parents were Ricardo Giordiani, an Italian immigrant, and Eleanor Giodiani, an immigrant of a different European country. They went missing and were never found. It is alleged that the Giordiani family had been targeted by Black Hand members. This case is a mystery. Not much is understood about the death of the family, although insight was gained through the remains of Maria. It