Garrick Mallery (April 25, 1831 in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania – October 24, 1894) was an American ethnologist specializing in Native American sign language and pictographs. Family His father was Judge Garrick Mallery, who was born April 17, 1784, and graduated at Yale College in 1808. He was a member of the Pennsylvania legislature from 1827 to 1830, and was distinguished for the zeal with which he promoted prison reform. In 1831 he was appointed judge of the third judicial district, composed of the Pennsylvania counties of Berks, Northampton, and Lehigh. He resigned from the bench in 1836 and removed to Philadelphia, where he practiced as a lawyer for many years. He died in Philadelphia on the 6th of July, 1866. Garrick's mother, the judge's second wife, was descended from John Harris, Jr., the founder of Harrisburg, and from William Maclay, one of the first United States senators from Pennsylvania. Education Mallery received an excellent early education and was prepared by a private tutor for his entrance into his father's alma mater, Yale College, where he matriculated in his fifteenth year. He graduated in 1850. Three years later, he received the degree of LL.B. from the University of Pennsylvania. In the same year he was admitted to the bar in Philadelphia and commenced practice there. He devoted some of his leisure time to editorial and literary work, and was steadily advancing in professional standing when the Civil War began in 1861. Military career Mallery was a volunteer and served as a first-lieutenant in the 71st Pennsylvania Infantry. On June 30, 1862, he was severely wounded at Peach Orchard (Allen's Farm) during the Seven Days Battles in Virginia. Having been left on the battlefield unable to move, he was captured and sent to Libby Prison, in Richmond. Upon being exchanged some time later, he was sent to his home in Philadelphia. When recovered, he returned to the field and, in February, 1863, was commissioned as lieutenant colonel of the 13th Pennsylvania Cavalry. During the military occupation of Virginia, Mallery was appointed judge advocate of the First Military District. He was honorably mustered out of the volunteer service in November, 1866, and at the same time accepted a commission in the regular army as captain, with an assignment to the 43rd Infantry, where he received the brevet commissions of major, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel for "gallant and meritorious services during the war." Beginning in 1870,