too much that the heading eventually looped all the way back to the right. As he decided to engage the "selected" mode, instead of turning left, the aircraft turned to the right directly towards Margalla Hills. Sensing danger, the aircraft's GPWS ordered the pilots to pull up. Captain Chaudhry added the throttles and pulled the aircraft up, albeit not steeply enough. Captain Chaudhry, now confused with his own aircraft, yelled, "Why is the aircraft not turning left?". He then decided to fly the aircraft manually, causing the aircraft to bank 52° to the left with a nose-down attitude. The now-frantic First Officer Ahmed tried to warn Captain Chaudhry on the surrounding terrain multiple times, thus Captain Chaudhry tried to pull the aircraft up, but due to their low altitude, they failed to recover the aircraft. Conclusion The report issued by Pakistan's CCAA in November 2011 cited a lack of professionalism in the cockpit crew, along with poor weather, as primary factors in the crash. In particular, the report noted that the CVR and FDR confirmed that the captain ignored or did not properly respond to a multitude of air traffic control directives and automated terrain warning systems. The report also claimed that the first officer passively accepted the captain's actions, after the captain on multiple occasions throughout the entire flight took a "harsh, snobbish, and contrary" tone with the first officer and "berated" him. The report concluded that the crash was a controlled flight into terrain accident, in which aircrew failed to display sufficient judgment and professional skills in a self-created unsafe environment. In their determination to land in inclement weather, they committed serious violations of procedures and breaches of flying discipline, which put the aircraft in an unsafe condition over dangerous terrain at low altitude. Aftermath Representatives of family members of passengers on the flight questioned the validity of the report and the qualifications of those who carried out the investigation. In 2012, following extensive scrutiny from the public and officials regarding the report's lack of quality, Peshawar High Court ordered the Pakistani government to reinvestigate the crash with assistance from ICAO. The revised report was eventually sent to ICAO in November 2012, but ICAO expressed disappointment with the final report, describing it as incomprehensive. They stated that the investigating authority, Pakistan's SIB, as not independent and issued a recommendation to independently revise the final report. Disappointed with the