They came to the North-eastern region of Bihar from Sindh and Kutchh region and settled and married local women from different Hindu castes, mostly from Rajput community, Yadav and Kayastha community. During Bengal Sultanate regime, some accomplished members became landlords who then invited on the order of Nawab the Gurjar herders from Gujarat, Jat farmers from Sindh, and Kurmis from UP to migrate to their region with their families because of their agricultural prowess as well as the availability of vast abundant pasture and arable land. Most of the people settled from outside along with the local non-Muslim populace converted to Islam which gradually amalgamated into a unique Muslim community by intermarriages, having a distinct culture and lingua franca, eventually known as the Kulhaiya. In the later period due to advance in status as well as military and agriculture acumen of Kulhaiyas, the members of upper caste Hindus got into this community by converting to Islam, either sincerely or to evade Jizya tax, though they had to pay Zakat in the same way Jizya was paid. During the British Raj, the community was notified as criminal tribe by the administration. Kulhaiya is categorised as OBC under the Indian Reservation system. Education According to the 2011 Census, male literacy rate of the community is 66% and 55.6% for female. The community is categorised as OBC under education quota system. Notable people Late Mohammed Taslimuddin, with a cult following, he was one of the most prominent political figures and feared strongmen in Bihar Demographics The Kulhaiyas are predominantly found in erstwhile sultanate-era Purnia division of Bihar which includes present-day districts of Purnia, Araria, Katihar and some parts of Kishanganj of Indian state of Bihar. A sizeable population is also found in Morang district of Nepal. 69.7% of the population is rural-based. Kulhaiyas are predominantly Muslim which can be gauged by the fact that word 'Muslim' in Seemanchal is synonymous to word 'Kulhaiya'. According to 2011 census, Kulhaiyas constitute 27.6% in Kishanganj, 32.5% in Katihar, 41.1% in Araria and 42.7% in Purnia. Language The community speaks Kulhaiya boli (often considered as a dialect of Urdu) closely related to Dhakaiya Urdu; a heavily modified Maithili-Bengali hybrid dialect with a considerable vernacular, phonetic and lexical influence of Gujarati, Kutchhi dialect of Sindhi, Nepali and Urdu. The dialect have large number of Persian and Arabic words due to which it is considered as a dialect of