The growth-lines are very fine in Pupilla muscorum and somewhat coarser in Pupilla pratensis. The apertural lip is often rather weakly developed in Pupilla pratensis in contrast to Pupilla muscorum, in which it is thicker and more pronounced. The apertural teeth are more weakly developed in Pupilla pratensis, and always arise directly from the apertural walls, never from a callus (as is sometimes the case in Pupilla muscorum). A weakly developed parietal tooth is rather frequently present, often together with a very weak, simply indicated palatal, but the mouth is often completely toothless. It should be remarked, that in some samples from western and northern Norway some specimens of Pupilla muscorum seem to be larger than in Swedish and German populations, and hence in size close to Pupilla pratensis – this requires further studies. Distribution Due to the fact that Pupilla pratensis has been overlooked, its distribution is only fragmentarily known. A wide, but scattered distribution, mainly in calcareous areas in Central, Northern and Western Europe is to be expected. So far, scattered localities are, known from Germany, Poland, the Czech Republic, Ireland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Slovakia and Great Britain. In Europe, Pupilla pratensis seems to have a Northern Atlantic distribution, which does not overlap with the distribution of Pupilla alpicola which in Europe is mainly limited to the Alps and Carpathians. It occurs in the following countries: Norway: Hedmark County, Oppland County, Nordland County In Norway Pupilla pratensis has been found in three isolated sites in the SE part of the country (Hedmark and Oppland counties) and two somewhat more to the north, in Nordland County. Sweden - In Sweden it is locally not uncommon in suitable habitats in calcareous districts throughout the country, from Skåne in the south to Lapland in the north. Denmark Ireland Scotland, Great Britain - found in 2013 Germany Poland - It was reported by Otto Gottfried Goldfuss (1883) from Kobylno, Upper Silesia in Poland based on more-than-120-year-old voucher material (deposited in the Westerlund Collection, no. 2306), but no extant population was known so far. The first recent occurrence of Pupilla pratensis in Poland was recorded in 2011. The only recent site in Poland is fen in the vicinity of the village Rowele in the north-easternmost part of Poland close to the border with Lithuania. Czech Republic - Pupilla alpicola has been listed as a part of the fauna of the Czech Republic for