It was a multiethnic state. The main population was Kumyk. At various times, it included some areas populated by Dargins, all of Chechnya and other peoples of the Caucasus. According to Russian sources of the late 18th century, the Tarki Shamkhalate, together with their vassals Akusha Dargins, had from 36 to 42 thousand households, numbering 98-100 thousand people of both genders. Renown rulers Soltan-Mut of Tarki (circa 1560–1643) is a Kumyk politician and commander, under whom Zasulak (Northern) Kumykia reached the peak of its power, for decades (late 16th – early 17th centuries) successfully repelling numerous attacks of neighbors. Buday I, died in battle with the Russian army in Kabarda in 1566. Chopan-Shawkhal (1571–1588), actively participated in intra-Iranian internecine affairs, in the last years of his life he was an ally of the Ottoman Empire. Adil-Gerey I (1609–1614), distinguished himself in the wars with Russia (especially in the battles near Boynak in 1594 and in the Karaman valley in 1605), adhered to the pro-Iranian political course. Surkhay III (1641–1667), pursued active foreign policy, won victories over Russian troops in the Battle of Germenchik and near Suyunch-Kala (Sunzhensky fortress) in 1651 and 1653 respectively. Budai II (1667–1692) distinguished himself in the wars with Iran and Russia (provided, in particular, active assistance to the Crimean khans in their wars against Russia). He is also known for his patronage of the Old Believer Cossacks persecuted in Russia. See also Nuh-bey Tarkovsky Kazikumukh Shamkhalate Dagestan References Sources Shamkhalate of Kazi-Kumukh History of Dagestan Khanates of the Caucasus Russian conquest of the Caucasus History of Dagestan Khanates of the North Caucasus History of Kumyks Historical Turkic states Vassal states of the Ottoman Empire