the late 10th century rather than earlier, and suggested that its conqueror was Shoshenq I of the 22nd Dynasty. Conjectural pharaohs: Shishak and So and sqq. tell of an invasion of Israel by Shishak, and a subsequent raid of Jerusalem and the Temple of Solomon. He is generally identified with Shoshenq I (943–922 BC). 2 Kings 17:4 says that king Hoshea sent letters to "So, King of Egypt". No pharaoh of this name is known for the time of Hoshea (about 730 BC), during which Egypt had three dynasties ruling contemporaneously: 22nd at Tanis, 23rd at Leontopolis, and 24th at Sais. Nevertheless, this ruler is commonly identified with Osorkon IV (730–715 BC) who ruled from Tanis, though it is possible that the biblical writer has mistaken the king with his city and equated So with Sais, at this time ruled by Tefnakht. Historical pharaohs: Taharqa, Necho and Apries/Hophra and mention a Tirhakah, king of Ethiopia (Kush), who the Bible says waged war against Sennacherib during the reign of King Hezekiah of Judah. Some scholars have identified him as the pharaoh Taharqa. The events in the biblical account are believed to have taken place in 701 BC, whereas Taharqa came to the throne some ten years later. A number of explanations have been proposed: one being that the title of king in the Biblical text refers to his future royal title, when at the time of this account he was likely only a military commander. Necho II is most likely the pharaoh mentioned in several books of the Bible. Jeremiah 44:30 mentions his successor Apries or Hophra (589–570 BC). See also Ipuwer Papyrus Moses in Islam New Chronology (Rohl) Shiphrah Thrasyllus of Mendes References Bibliography Unnamed people of the Bible