Stefan Hugo Ernst Kaufmann (born 8 June 1948 in Ludwigshafen am Rhein) is a German immunologist and microbiologist and is one of the highly cited immunologists worldwide for the decade 1990 to 2000. He is amongst the 0.01% most cited scientists of ca. 7 million scientists in 22 major scientific fields globally. Biography Kaufmann is a German immunologist and microbiologist with focus on infection biology. He received his Dr. Rer. Nat. (PhD) at the University of Mainz in 1977 and his habilitation in immunology and microbiology at the Free University Berlin in 1981. He was professor at the University of Ulm from 1987 to 1998. Currently, he is director of the Department of Immunology at the Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology in Berlin, for which he served as founding director in 1993. Since 2019 he is director emeritus at this institute and leader of an emeritus group on systems immunology at the Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences. Member of the Max Planck Society since 1993. Since 1998 he is also professor for immunology and microbiology at the Charité Berlin. Since 2018 he is faculty fellow of the Hagler Institute for Advanced Study at Texas A&M University . He was appointed Senior Professor at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin in September 2022. Kaufmann collects historical medicinal books. Career Kaufmann has published more than 900 scientific original papers and review articles and according to the Clarivate – Web of Science, Highly Cited Researcher (category Immunologie) 2001, Highly Cited Researcher (category Cross-Field) 2020 he is one of the highly cited immunologists and vaccinologists with more than 90,000 citations (Google Scholar) worldwide for the decade 1990 to 2000 and has an h-index of 150 (as of October 2021). His current scientific interest is focused on the analysis of cell-mediated immunity against intracellular bacteria, the rational design and development of a better vaccine against tuberculosis as well as of biomarkers for reliable diagnosis of TB disease. Biomarker discovery is done in a multicentric approach with seven partner institutes in Africa with support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. His vaccine against tuberculosis is currently in phase III clinical trial assessment. A phase III vaccine trial to test prevention of tuberculosis recurrence (NCT 03152903) and a phase III trial to test prevention of tuberculosis disease in household contacts of tuberculosis patients are ongoing in India (CTRI/2019/01/017026). A third phase III trial to assess protection