the 24-page magazine in 1924 was 4,000. Norwegian/Danish Nye Normanden (The New Norwegian) (1894–1908; socialist from 1902) — Originally a Populist weekly, Nye Normanden turned to a Socialist Party orientation following the assumption of control of a new editor in 1902. The paper went through a brief bankruptcy in the summer of 1904, during which time it was briefly taken over by a Democratic Party politician and renamed Politikken (The Politics), but in 1905 the previous socialist editor returned as publisher and editor and the publication's previous name and political orientation was restored. Ny Tid (New Age) (1908–1909) — In 1908, Nye Normanden editor Lauritz Stavnheim renamed his weekly newspaper Ny Tid and moved to a monthly publication cycle, initiating a new publication numbering series in association with the change. The publication ended the next year with Stavnheim's election as head of the Sons of Norway organization, which placed new constraints upon his time. Gaa Paa (Forward) (1903 – October 1925) — Gaa Paa was a weekly established in 1903 in Girard, Kansas, home of the mass circulation English-language socialist weekly, The Appeal to Reason. The paper was moved from Southeastern Kansas to Minneapolis, Minnesota, in 1904. The publication's circulation topped 5,000 copies in 1912, with a readership that extended beyond the bounds of Minnesota, including regular correspondents from North Dakota and the Pacific Northwest. A particularly left wing publication throughout its existence, in September 1918 the paper was denied 2nd Class mailing privileges by Postmaster General Albert S. Burleson on account of its continued anti-war perspective. In an effort to surreptitiously contravene this restriction, the publication briefly reinvented itself as Folkets Røst (The People's Voice). The paper terminated in the fall of 1925 owing to the ill health of the editor. Revyen (The Review) (March 1894 – September 1921) — Privately held Norwegian/Danish independent radical publication produced weekly in Chicago. The Scandinavian Socialist Federation attempted to purchase the paper in 1910 to make it into an official organ, but publisher Christian Bøtker had no interest in selling, forcing the Federation to start a new paper, Socialdemokraten, from scratch. Revyen was socialist in orientation but in no way an official organ of the Socialist Party, breaking with the organization altogether in 1917 over the party's staunch opposition to American participation in World War I. The paper continued to move to the right throughout the war years, dropping any pretext of