hymn tunes to the pentatonic scale. He recognised on the one hand that educated Dinka boys soon found that they could manage the semi-tones to complete the Octave as in Western music, and on the other hand that natural Dinka singing embraced a scale beyond both. But Western tunes had to be pentatonic - either originally or by adaptation. So when the Dinka Prayer and Hymn Book in Bor dialect was published in 1930 it revealed a long step forward in Dinka worship which was both liturgically sound and accurately "Dinka". Mission responsibilities Shaw was Secretary of the Gordon Memorial Sudan Mission from 1907 to 1936. He did much work to expand CMS work into other areas of southern Sudan. He pushed hard for CMS to open work amongst the Zande, Bari and Moru tribes. In 1922 Shaw was made Archdeacon, and this was his identity as he was from then on always known as Archdeacon Shaw. He remained archdeacon until her retired in 1940. Archdeacon Shaw never married, but he brought up many Dinka boys as if his own sons. Abraham Chep Adongwei, one of his helpers who remembered Shaw after his death, for his love of Jieng (Dinka) community by bringing them together as true Christians and work for environmental change by planting trees. He retired in 1940 and went to live just outside Nairobi in Kenya. He died in 1956 and was buried in Langata Cemetery outside Nairobi. Jon e Aruor, the first baptised Christian at Malek, said about Shaw after he retired: “years ago, before the white men came, when the Dinka wished to send an important message, they chose the strongest and bravest warriors to go. And when you first brought the message of the gospel to us you sent your strongest and bravest warriors like Archdeacon Shaw and Bishop Gwynne.” References NIKKEL, Marc (1998) "Archibald Shaw 'Machuor' "The only white man with the heart of a Jieng" p. 126-145 in PIERLI, F., M.T. RATTI & A.C. WHEELER Gateway to the Heart of Africa: Missionary Pioneers in Sudan. 1879 births 1956 deaths Anglican missionaries in Sudan Missionary educators English Anglican missionaries Anglican missionaries in South Sudan British expatriates in Sudan British expatriates in South Sudan