Mil V-12 The largest helicopter ever built. 1968 Supersonic transport Tupolev Tu-144 1969 Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko By Klim Churyumov and Svetlana Gerasimenko 1969 Intercontinental Submarine-launched ballistic missile R-29 Vysota 1970s 1970s Semiconductor Heterostructures Creation by Zhores Alferov of Semiconductor Heterostructures which play important role in modern electronics (Nobel Prize in Physics in 2000). 1970s Radial keratotomy by Svyatoslav Fyodorov 1970 Excimer laser 1970 Robotic sample return Luna 16 1970 Space rover Lunokhod 1, the first space exploration rover, reached the Moon surface on 17 November 1970. 1971 Space station Salyut 1 (DOS-1) (; ) was launched 19 April 1971. It was the first space station to orbit Earth. Developed under supervision of Vladimir Chelomey. 1971 Kaissa (chess program) Kaissa became the first computer chess world champion in 1974. 1972 Hall effect thruster 1972 Mil Mi-24 1972 Nuclear desalination BN-350 reactor 1973 Reflectron By Boris Aleksandrovich Mamyrin 1973 Skull crucible The first commercially viable process to manufacture cubic zirconia. 1974 Electron cooling Electron cooling was invented by Gersh Budker (INP, Novosibirsk) in 1966 as a way to increase luminosity of hadron colliders. It was first tested in 1974 with 68 MeV protons at NAP-M storage ring at INP. 1975 Underwater assault rifle APS underwater assault rifle by Vladimir Simonov 1975 Arktika-class icebreaker The Arktika class is a Russian and former Soviet class of the world's most powerful nuclear icebreakers. Its pilot ship, NS Arktika, was the second Soviet nuclear icebreaker, completed in 1975. She became the first surface ship to reach the North Pole, on 17 August 1977.1975 Androgynous Peripheral Attach System by Vladimir Syromyatnikov1976 Close-in weapon system AK-6301976 Mobile ICBM RT-21 Temp 2S by Alexander Nadiradze1977 Vertical launching system First installed on Azov, a Kara-class cruiser1977 Kirov-class battlecruiser The Kirov-class battlecruisers of the Russian Navy are the largest and heaviest surface combatant warships (i.e., not an aircraft carrier, assault ship or submarine) currently in active operation in the world.1978 Cargo spacecraft1978 Active protection system Drozd system1979 Space-based radio telescope the KRT-10 radio observatory (:ru:КРТ-10) 1980sKalina cycle Invented and patented in the 1980s by Russian engineer Alexander Kalina. His invention included the first time development of a contiguous set of ammonia-water mixture thermodynamic properties, which provide the basis for unique power plant designs for different forms of power generation from different heat sources.1980s EHF therapy by Nikolay Devyatkov and Mikhail Golant1980 Typhoon-class submarine The largest submarine ever built.1981 Quantum dot by Alexey