years later, he was released and placed under house arrest for another nine years in a guardhouse on the resort island of Sentosa and made to pay the rent, on the pretext that he was now a "free" man. All restrictions were eventually lifted in 1998. South Africa House arrest was a common tool of the South African apartheid government, used to silence their opponents, along with banning orders. Helen Joseph was the first person put under house arrest, on 13 October 1962, and was not released until a cancer diagnosis in 1971. Bram Fischer, after being diagnosed with cancer while in Pretoria Local Prison after being sentenced to life for furthering Communism in apartheid-era South Africa, was released to be placed under house arrest due to pressure from the anti-apartheid groups. Ahmed Kathrada ("Kathy") Walter Sisulu Winnie Mandela Frances Baard Robert Sobukwe Soviet Union Nicholas II, his wife, four daughters, one son and four retainers were placed under house arrest for over a year before communist revolutionaries murdered them on 17 July 1918. Former Premier Nikita Khrushchev was placed under house arrest for the seven years before his death after being deposed in 1964. Academician Andrey Sakharov was placed under house arrest in 1980 and released in 1987. In 1991 The President of the Soviet union, Mikhail Gorbachev was placed under house arrest during the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt on August 19, 1991. Tunisia Habib Bourguiba, former President of Tunisia. He was deposed in a military coup in 1987 and held in house arrest. Muhammad VIII al-Amin, former king of Tunisia, was deposed in 1957 by Habib Bourguiba and restrained to house arrest. United Kingdom The Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005 (repealed 2011) provided that suspected terrorists could be detained under house arrest without trial. This was repealed on the grounds that it was a breach of the Human Rights Act 1998. United States 6ix9ine, a rapper known for "Gummo", and Day69. He was released from his 2-year prison sentence for racketeering and drug trafficking, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and was placed in house arrest until November 2020. Sami Al-Arian, a Professor and prominent advocate for human rights, named by Newsweek as a "premier civil rights activist" for his efforts to repeal the use of secret evidence in trials, was held under house arrest in Northern Virginia from 2008 until 2014 when federal prosecutors filed a motion