Ethiopian music is a term that can mean any music of Ethiopian origin, however, often it is applied to a genre, a distinct modal system that is pentatonic, with characteristically long intervals between some notes. The music of the Ethiopian Highlands uses a fundamental modal system called qenet, of which there are four main modes: , , , and . Three additional modes are variations on the above: tezeta minor, bati major, and bati minor. Some songs take the name of their qenet, such as tizita, a song of reminiscence. When played on traditional instruments, these modes are generally not tempered (that is, the pitches may deviate slightly from the Western-tempered tuning system), but when played on Western instruments such as pianos and guitars, they are played using the Western-tempered tuning system. Music in the Ethiopian highlands is generally monophonic or heterophonic. In certain southern areas, some music is polyphonic. Dorze polyphonic singing (edho) may employ up to five parts; Majangir, four parts. Musical instruments Chordophones In the highlands, traditional string instruments include the :masenqo (also known as ), a one-string bowed :lute; the :krar (also known as ), a six-string :lyre; and the :begena, a large ten-string lyre. The (a five-string lyre) and :musical bows (including an unusual three-string variant) are among the chordophones found in the south. Aerophones The is a bamboo flute that is common in the highlands. Trumpet-like instruments include the ceremonial used in some regions, and the (animal horn; compare shofar) found mainly in the south. flutes have no finger holes, and produce only two tones, the fundamental and a fourth or fifth interval. These may be metal (generally found in the north) or bamboo (in the south). The Konso and other people in the south play , or pan flutes. It has 6 holes. Idiophones In the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, liturgical music employs the senasel (a sistrum). Additionally, the clergy will use walking stick, called mequamia, to maintain rhythm. Rural churches historically used a to call the faithful to prayer. They are made from stone slabs or pieces of wood. The Beta Israel use a small gong called a as liturgical accompaniment, though may also refer to a small bell. The , a lamellophone, is used among the Nuer, Anuak, Majangir, Surma, and other Nilotic groups. Metal leg rattles are common throughout the south. Membranophones The is a large hand drum used in the