leanings, intransigent in theological policy, and in personal character simply devout. In 1893 the US Mill Hill mission, based in Baltimore, Maryland, reorganised with Vaughan's blessing as an independent institution, known as Society of St. Joseph of the Sacred Heart. Among its founders was the first African-American Catholic priest trained and ordained in the United States, Charles Uncles. It was due to this theological "purity" that Vaughan assisted in scuttling an opportunity for rapprochement between Rome and the Church of England that was put into motion by a high-church Anglican, Charles Wood, 2nd Viscount Halifax and a French priest, Ferdinand Portal. Through the efforts of Vaughan and Archbishop of Canterbury Edward White Benson, this early form of ecumenism was put down. It culminated with the condemnation of Anglican Orders by Pope Leo XIII in his bull, Apostolicae curae. It was Vaughan's most cherished ambition to see an adequate Westminster Cathedral. He worked untiringly to secure subscriptions for a capital campaign, with the result that the foundation stone for the cathedral was laid in 1895. When Vaughan died in 1903 at the age of 71, the building was so far complete that a Requiem Mass was said there. His body was interred at the cemetery of St. Joseph's College, the headquarters of the Mill Hill Missionaries in North London but it was moved back to the cathedral and reinterred in the Chapel of St Thomas of Canterbury (the "Vaughan Chantry") in 2005. Legacy Founded St. Joseph Foreign Missionary College, London, United Kingdom St Bede's College St. Joseph Society of the Sacred Heart, Baltimore, MD Westminster Cathedral Namesake In 1914, the Cardinal Vaughan Memorial School was founded in his memory in Holland Park, London. Published works See also , his brother , his brother , his brother References Sources Life of Cardinal Vaughan, JG Snead Cox (2 vols., London: 1910). Further reading External links Herbert Vaughan papers, 1893–1898 at Pitts Theology Library, Candler School of Theology Herbert Vaughan, Catholic Hierarchy website 1832 births 1903 deaths People from Gloucester People educated at Stonyhurst College 19th-century British cardinals Roman Catholic archbishops of Westminster 19th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in the United Kingdom 20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in the United Kingdom 20th-century British cardinals Cardinals created by Pope Leo XIII African-American Roman Catholicism Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy alumni People educated at St Edmund's College, Ware Burials at Westminster Cathedral English people of Welsh descent Roman Catholic bishops