Cronquist system (1981) also recognised the order, but placed it in the subclass Magnoliidae, in class Magnoliopsida [= dicotyledons]. It used this circumscription: order Ranunculales family Ranunculaceae family Circaeasteraceae family Berberidaceae family Sargentodoxaceae family Lardizabalaceae family Menispermaceae family Coriariaceae family Sabiaceae In the Cronquist system, the Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae (including the plants in the optional family Pteridophyllaceae) were treated as a separate order Papaverales, placed in this same subclass Magnoliidae. The Cronquist circumscription of Ranunculales is now known to be polyphyletic. Sabiaceae is in a clade of basal eudicots separate from Ranunculales. Coriariaceae is now placed in the order Cucurbitales. References Bibliography External links NCBI Taxonomy Browser Angiosperm orders Extant Aptian first appearances