meaning "to extricate oneself") that had fallen out of use and was restored to everyday Buenos Aires speech in the 1970s by students, with the meaning of "barely passing (an examination)". trucho – "counterfeit", "fake"; trucho is from old Spanish slang truchamán, which in turn derives from the Arabic turjeman ("translator", referring specifically to a person who accosts foreigners and lures them into tourist traps). Folk etymology derives this word from trucha ("trout"), or from the Italian trucco - something made fake on purpose. Many new terms had spread from specific areas of the dynamic Buenos Aires cultural scene: invented by screenwriters, used around the arts-and-crafts fair in Plaza Francia, culled from the vocabulary of psychoanalysis. Influence from Cocoliche Lunfardo was influenced by Cocoliche, a pidgin of Italian immigrants. Many Cocoliche words were transferred to Lunfardo in the first half of the 20th century. For example: lonyipietro - "fool" fungi - "mushroom" → in Lunfardo: "hat" vento - "wind" → in Lunfardo: "money" matina - "morning" (from Italian mattina) mina - "girl" (from Lombard mina) laburar - "to work" (from Italian lavorare and Spanish laborar) minga - "nothing!" (from Lombard minga, negative particle like not in English or ne pas in French) yeta - "bad luck" (from Neapolitan iettatore) yira/yira - "to walk around (generally in circles)", "to ramble aimlessly", etc. (from Italian girare, "to turn", "to tour"). Usually "yiro" or "yira" is used to refer to a prostitute. ¡salute! - "cheers!" (from Italian salute!) eccole - "exactly" (from Italian eccole) Some Italian linguists, because of the Cocoliche influences, argue that the Lunfardo can be considered a pidgin of the Italian language. Suffixes A rarer feature of Porteño speech that can make it completely unintelligible is the random addition of suffixes with no particular meaning, usually making common words sound reminiscent of Italian surnames, for no particular reason, but playful language. These endings include -etti, -elli eli, -oni, -eni, -anga, -ango, -enga, -engue, -engo, -ingui, -ongo, -usi, -ula, -usa, -eta, among others. Examples: milanesa (meat dish) milanga, cuaderno ("notebook") cuadernelli, etc. See also Cocoliche Germanía Vesre Jeringonza Argot Viveza criolla Notes Bibliography Conde, Oscar. Lunfardo: Un estudio sobre el habla popular de los argentinos.Ediciones Taurus. Buenos Aires, 2011 External links (English) "Lunfardo: The Slang of Buenos Aires" (English) "Porteño Spanish – Learn Argentine Slang" (English) "A Survivors Guide To Buenos Aires" (English) "CheViste – Lunfardo Dictionary" Diccionario del lunfardo Defining