the attempted flight set off a wave of recriminations among the Royalist conspirators. The duc de Choiseul and Bouillé both wrote memoirs (Bouillé in 1800, the year of his death), seeking to defend their actions during the flight, and to assign blame to others. Exile Bouillé went into exile, first travelling to Pillnitz, where the spread of anti-Royalist sentiments was discussed by other European monarchs. Courted by royalty for positions in their armies, he sought to remain loyal to Louis, eventually serving as a military consultant to Prussian King Frederick William II in the early stages of the First Coalition. He joined military campaigns in 1793, and was urged to take command of Royalist forces in the Vendée, but refused, believing the forces would ultimately fail in their aims. Shortly after that, he sailed for England, where he continued to assist the British in military activities against Revolutionary France. In 1797 Bouillé published his memoirs, which were a great success. He died in London on 14 November 1800 and was buried in the churchyard of St Pancras Old Church. In 1866, his remains were reinterred at the Montmartre Cemetery in Paris. Legacy During his years of exile, the German author Franz Alexander von Kleist left a character sketch of Bouillé in his Fantasien auf einer Reise nach Prag (1792) after seeing him with his son at a performance of Mozart's opera Don Giovanni at the Estates Theatre in Prague on 2 September 1791. Kleist described Bouillé as a broken man wracked with worry and remorse over the actions that sent him into exile and made him vilified in France. It is often attributed the first version (1769) of the words of the Caribbean song "". Bouillé's role in the French Revolution is alluded to in the fifth stanza of the French national anthem, "La Marseillaise", as a detestable counter-revolutionary figure: Works 1797. Memoirs relating to the French revolution (Translated). Mémoires de M. le Marquis de Bouillé : pendant son administration aux Isles du Vent de l'Amérique References The Anti-Jacobin Review (contains a lengthy biographic sketch) Bouille, Francois Claude Amour, marquis de Bouille, Francois Claude Amour, marquis de People from Haute-Loire Marquesses of Bouillé French colonial governors of Guadeloupe Governors general of the French Antilles