press and academia—the quantity of its critical literature far outstrips that of any other work of comics. It has been examined from a great variety of academic viewpoints, though most often by those with little understanding of Maus context in the history of comics. While Maus has been credited with lifting comics from popular culture into the world of high art in the public imagination, criticism has tended to ignore its deep roots in popular culture, roots that Spiegelman has intimate familiarity with and has devoted considerable time to promote. Spiegelman's belief that comics are best expressed in a diagrammatic or iconic manner has had a particular influence on formalists such as Chris Ware and his former student Scott McCloud. In 2005, the September 11-themed New Yorker cover placed sixth on the top ten of magazine covers of the previous 40 years by the American Society of Magazine Editors. Spiegelman has inspired numerous cartoonists to take up the graphic novel as a means of expression, including Marjane Satrapi. A joint ZDF–BBC documentary, Art Spiegelman's Maus, was televised in 1987. Spiegelman, Mouly, and many of the Raw artists appeared in the documentary Comic Book Confidential in 1988. Spiegelman's comics career was also covered in an Emmy-nominated PBS documentary, Serious Comics: Art Spiegelman, produced by Patricia Zur for WNYC-TV in 1994. Spiegelman played himself in the 2007 episode "Husbands and Knives" of the animated television series The Simpsons with fellow comics creators Daniel Clowes and Alan Moore. A European documentary, Art Spiegelman, Traits de Mémoire, appeared in 2010 and later in English under the title The Art of Spiegelman, directed by Clara Kuperberg and Joelle Oosterlinck and mainly featuring interviews with Spiegelman and those around him. Awards 1982: Playboy Editorial Award, Best Comic Strip 1982: , Lucca, Italy, for Foreign Author 1983: Print, Regional Design Award 1984: Print, Regional Design Award 1985: Print, Regional Design Award 1986: Joel M. Cavior, Jewish Writing 1987: Inkpot Award 1988: Angoulême International Comics Festival, France, Prize for Best Comic Book, for Maus 1988: Urhunden Prize, Sweden, Best Foreign Album, for Maus 1990: Guggenheim Fellowship. 1990: Max & Moritz Prize, Erlangen, Germany, Special Prize, for Maus 1992: Pulitzer Prize Letters award, for Maus 1992: Eisner Award, Best Graphic Album (reprint), for Maus 1992: Harvey Award, Best Graphic Album of Previously Published Work, for Maus 1992: Los Angeles Times, Book Prize for Fiction for Maus II 1993: Angoulême