of Zimbabwe. If he had stood by his commitment, the armed struggle, to which he would commit himself shortly, and which would kill some 40,000 people in 1962-1980, would not have occurred. If he had stayed in the constitutional process and encouraged the Africans to qualify for the vote, they would have... by dint of their numbers, come to dominate in a lawful, peaceful manner." Days after the initial agreement, Nkomo and Sithole withdrew their support and urged their supporters to boycott the referendum. George Low, NASA's Chief of Manned Space Flight, and his task group submitted their report, A Plan for a Manned Lunar Landing, for consideration by U.S. President John F. Kennedy. Harold Johnson defeated Jess Bowdry in a boxing bout to win recognition by the National Boxing Association as world light heavyweight champion. All other boxing boards continued to recognize Archie Moore (who had beaten Johnson in four previous encounters) as the world champion, but the N.B.A. had vacated Moore's title for inactivity. Born: Prince François, Count of Clermont, dauphin of the Orleanist claimant to the French throne (d. 2017) February 8, 1961 (Wednesday) At a press conference to announce that Prime Minister John Diefenbaker of Canada would be coming to the United States on February 20, President Kennedy mispronounced the Canadian leader's name multiple times. Kennedy had asked Secretary of State Dean Rusk, who in turn had asked Assistant for European Affairs Foy D. Kohler, who suggested the German pronunciation "Dee-fen-bawk-er"; Diefenbaker's name was misspelled by various news sources as "Diffenbaker", "Diefenbacker", "Diefenbacon" and even (by UPI) "Fifenbaker". Privately, the Prime Minister, whose name was pronounced "Dee-fen-bay-ker", was enraged at what he viewed as being mocked by the American president. February 9, 1961 (Thursday) Three Vautour fighter jets of the French Air Force attacked an Il-18 plane that was carrying Leonid Brezhnev, who at the time was the ceremonial head of state of the Soviet Union and was on his way to the Republic of Guinea for a state visit. When Brezhnev's plane strayed into the airspace of French Algeria, it was intercepted by the three fighters, one of which fired bursts of tracer bullets and forced Brezhnev's plane to make an emergency landing in Morocco. The French Foreign Ministry apologized the next day. The Beatles at The Cavern Club: At lunchtime, The Beatles performed under this name at The Cavern Club for the first time