pricing levels. Since September 1, 2022, when choosing public health facilities the cost is free for all beneficiaries. The level of protection offered by ISAPREs depends on the worker's income and medical risk, estimated by age, sex, family medical history, etc. (In August 2010 Chile's Constitutional Court declared risk determination based on sex and age to be unconstitutional.) This may force an affiliate to seek treatment under Fonasa when a particular service or health condition is not covered by their Isapre. Isapre participants pay on average 9.2% of their income toward health insurance. The additional paid over the required 7% is voluntary and is paid to increase the benefits available. Almost 60% of payers are in the top two quintiles of income, while only 7% are in the bottom quintile. Isapres often use networks of providers to offer discounted benefits. They also offer shorter time waiting for services. Fonasa, on the other hand, uses lower cost public hospitals, and can include a broader benefit package for the same cost. The trade-off is accessibility as the waiting time for services can be substantial. Over 50% of the public sector health budget is raised through taxation — this goes to the public social security system and the Fonasa plans to help cover expenses. Isapres cover all expenses using only the contributions of members. Auge plan There are a number of high-mortality pathological conditions (currently 80) that have special guarantees for both Isapre and Fonasa affiliates. The Auge (from the Spanish Acceso Universal con Garantías Explícitas, "Universal Access with Explicit Guarantees") or Ges (Garantías Explícitas en Salud, "Explicit Guarantees in Healthcare") plan includes four guarantees in relation to these illnesses: Access: individuals will be able to get attention from a network of providers near their place of residence, Opportunity: there is a maximum pre-established time limit to get attention (both initial attention and after the diagnosis), Quality (to become enforceable from 1 July 2013): services will follow technical requirement standards that will be established based on medical evidence, and Financial coverage: payment to providers cannot be an obstacle to attention. There will be a maximum copayment of 20% of the cost, with the total not to exceed one month of income for the family in a year. Resources As of December 22, 2014, there were 425 hospitals registered with the Ministry of Health. Hospitals fall into one of two administrative spheres - the