have these crimes increased, and is their increase, if any, attributed to the diminution of the punishment ? In what manner is the sentence of death executed, and does the execution take place in public or private ? In what proportion of capital convictions is the punishment of death usually reduced by the clemency of the Head of the State to some minor infliction? Sent France, Belgium, Holland, Prussia, Bavaria, Austria, Saxony, Hanover, Italy, Tuscany, Spain, Portugal, Russia, Switzerland, Denmark, Sweden, Nassau, Anhalt, Oldenberg, Brunswick, New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Ohio, Maine and Rhode Island, Columbia, Indiana, Venezuela, Wisconsin, Ecuador, the Australian colonies, Scotland, Ireland Report The Report of the Commission was published in December 1865. The report proper summarised the evidence and gave the commissioners' recommendations. The oral testimony was printed verbatim over 471 pages; the written responses were gathered into an appendix of 195 pages plus an index. There followed statistical tables and a Draft Bill on infanticide by James Shaw Willes. In their report, they included a section summarising the response to the following questions: the nature of capital punishment; its difference from all other punishments in its irrevocability, etc. deterrent effect of the punishment of death the Home Office restoring to the judges the power of recording sentence of death whether juries show a reluctance to convict in capital cases the propriety of giving power to jurors to bring in verdicts of "guilty of murder" with "extenuating circumstances" in certain cases infanticide allowing appeals in capital cases whether executions should be public or private what secondary punishment should be inflicted in the event of the abolition of the punishment of death Recommendations The Commission did not come to agreement on abolition. On most matters, it offered a range of options for legislation. The exception was unanimity of the need for a law to stop public executions and to regulate executions within prisons. A declaration, drafted by Stephen Lushington, was included in the Report: "[We] . . . are not prepared to agree to the Resolution respecting private executions." Signed by Stephen Lushington, Wm Ewart, Charles Neate, J Moncreiff, John Bright. This is presumably because they strongly favoured abolition. William Ewart, Stephen Lushington, John Bright and Charles Neate signed a declaration drafted by Ewart: "[we]. . . are of opinion that Capital Punishment might, safely, and with advantage to the community, be at once abolished." O'Hagan made a