cooperation: urine diversion toilets need some upfront awareness-raising to ensure correct usage and social acceptance. Also, they are cleaned differently to conventional toilets. Urine reuse or disposal issues Urine precipitation in the urine diversion equipment due to struvite and calcium phosphate precipitates and resulting encrustations (also called "urine stone"): this can be overcome with certain engineering and maintenance solutions but it requires plumbers who have experience with urine diversion piping systems or who are following published recommendations. History Historically, urine was collected (for example in chamber pots) and used for industrial processes, particularly fulling, an important step in textile manufacture. See also Reuse of excreta Ecological sanitation References External links Additional photos in SuSanA photo database on flickr SuSanA Discussion Forum about urine diversion systems Urine Sewerage Toilets