in Innsbruck, they faced more violence than other communities. Many Jewish people left Innsbruck after Kristallnacht. By mid 1939, nearly all Jews were forced to leave the Tyrol and Vorarlberg district. At least 200 Jews from Innsbruck were murdered during the Holocaust. Many survived abroad and in concentration camps, however, many Jews’ fates remain unknown. Pogrom On 9–10 November 1938, the pogrom was led and perpetrated by the SA and SS. Prior to the pogrom, SS Security Service (Sicherheitsdient, SD) noted Jewish people in Innsbruck not leaving the country. In September 1938, Adolf Eichmann ordered the Jews of Innsbruck to emigrate quickly, and they were given a time limit to leave Tyrol based on wealth and status. The pogrom was centred in Innsbruck, the capital of the Tyrol-Vorarlberg region. Perpetrators were instructed to kill four prominent citizens and destroy the synagogue to send a message to Jews that they were no longer wanted in Innsbruck. 18 Jewish people in Innsbruck were arrested by the SD as they were “persons fit for work”. The pogrom began at 3.30am on the tenth of November, where all homes and businesses owned by Jews were destroyed. The synagogue was forced open, destroyed and the furnishings were demolished. Four notable members of the community were murdered, and many attacked and maltreated. The Pogrom caused Jews in Innsbruck to leave. 26 Jews left within the month, most moving to Vienna. Notable attacks and murders During the night of the pogrom, the Jews of Innsbruck faced violence. The SD noted after that “If some Jews suffered no damage in this operation, then it is probably because they were overlooked”. Richard Berger The chairman of the Jewish Community, Richard Berger had previously been asked by the Gestapo to postpone his intended departure from Innsbruck as his role was needed in the Jewish Community of Innsbruck. Berger was apprehended at his home and taken outside the city near the riverbank. He was forced out of the car and beaten in the head with pistols and fists and then stoned to death. His body was thrown into the River Inn and one of the SS men shot Berger in the head as he was floating. Dr. Wilhelm Bauer Dr. Wilhelm Bauer was the Head of the Jewish trade organisation in Innsbruck. Perpetrators broke into his apartment and ordered Bauer to get dressed and go with them. Bauer was attacked at