up to in length. However, the greatest grasshopper sizes known, to , have been cited in the South American giant grasshopper (Tropidacris violaceus). The longest members of this order (although much lighter than the giant wetas) is the katydid Macrolyristes corporalis of Southeast Asia which can range up to with its long legs extended and can have a wingspan of . Titanopterans (Titanoptera) (extinct) Related to modern orthopterans, Triassic insects of the extinct suborder of Titanoptera surpassed them in size. The wingspan of Gigatitan vulgaris was as large as of 40 centimetres (16 in). Clatrotitan andersoni also reached a huge size, having a forewing of 13.8 centimetres (5.4 in) long. Earwigs (Dermaptera) The largest of the earwigs is the Saint Helena earwig (Labidura herculeana), which is up to in length. There are no recent records of this species and it is generally considered extinct. The largest certainly living species is the Australian giant earwig (Titanolabis colossea), which is about long. Scorpionflies (Mecoptera) The largest scorpionfly, the common scorpionfly (Panorpa communis), can reach a body length of about . Alderflies and allies (Megaloptera) This relatively small insect order includes some rather large species, many of which are noticeable for their elongated, imposing mandibles. The dobsonflies reach the greatest sizes of the order and can range up to in length. Stick insects (Phasmatodea) The longest known stick insects are also the longest known insects, notably species in the tribe Pharnaciini, but they are generally relatively lightweight because of their slender shape. The longest is an unnamed species of Phryganistria discovered in China in 2016, where a specimen held at the Insect Museum of West China in Chengdu has a total length of . The second-longest species is the Australian Ctenomorpha gargantua, females of which have been measured at over in total length. Other very large species, formerly believed to be longest but now considered third longest is Sadyattes chani; a specimen held in the Natural History Museum in London has a total length of . These measurements are, however, with the front legs fully extended; it has a body length measuring . Another very large species is Phobaeticus kirbyi where the total length (including extended legs) is up to and the body alone up to . Another of the longest insect in terms of total length is Phobaeticus serratipes of Malaysia and Singapore, measuring up to . Another extremely long stick insect