James S. Gale (February 19, 1863 – January 31, 1937; in modern Korean 제임스 스카스 게일, in old Sino-Korean characters 奇一 (기일)) was a Canadian Presbyterian missionary, educator and Bible translator in Korea. Early life Gale was born on February 19, 1863, in Alma, Ontario, Canada. His father John Gale was a Scottish immigrant who moved to Canada in 1832. His Pennsylvania Dutch mother Miami Bradt was from Hamilton, Ontario. Together they had six children, of which James was the fifth. In 1882 Gale entered St. Catharine's Collegiate Institute, St. Catharines, Ontario. From 1884 to 1888 Gale studied arts at the University of Toronto, including the summer of 1886 at the Collège de France, Paris on a language course. During his first year of study he heard Dwight L. Moody preach and was deeply impressed. Gale graduated with a B.A. from the University College of the University of Toronto in 1898. Career After graduation, on April 12, 1888, he was appointed a missionary of Toronto University's YMCA and was sent to Korea. On November 13, 1888, he set sail from Vancouver, arriving in Pusan on 12 December, from where he took a coastal vessel to Jemulpo, present-day Incheon. In 1889 he visited Haeju, in Hwanghae province and from there moved to Sollae (often called Sorae) village, in Jangyeon District, Hwanghae from March to June. This village was home to Seo Sang-ryun, one of the first Korean Protestants and his brother, who had been baptized by Horace Grant Underwood. From August 1889 to May 1890 he lived in Pusan. In 1890 he taught English at the "Christian School" (예수교 학당). In February 1891 he and Samuel A. Moffet visited John Ross (who had first attempted to translate the Bible into Korean) in Mukden, Manchuria and returned to Seoul in June. In August 1891, terminating the relationship with the Toronto University YMCA, he moved to the American Presbyterian Mission Board, North. From 1892 to 1897 the Gales lived in Wonsan while Gale served as member of the "Board of Official Translators" of the Korean Bible. He worked with Henry G. Appenzeller, Horace G. Underwood, William B. Scranton, and William D. Reynolds. In 1897 he returned to Canada and the US, and on May 13 was ordained as a Presbyterian minister at New Albany Presbytery, Indiana. In 1900 he became the first minister of Yondong Presbyterian Church (연동교회) in Seoul. As an educationalist,