pioneered by Dr Joseph T McGinn, Jr. The first minimally invasive heart cardiac surgery was performed in the United States on January 21, 2005, at The Heart Institute at Staten Island University Hospital in Staten Island, New York by a team led by Dr. Joseph T. McGinn. This technique is an off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. The procedure is much less invasive than traditional bypass surgery because it is performed through three small incisions rather than the traditional sternotomy. Since its first procedure, over 1000 MICS CABG procedures have been performed at The Heart Institute and elsewhere around the world. Other centers that utilize the MICS CABG technique for coronary heart disease are the University of Ottawa Heart Center (ON, Canada), Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart Center (Houston, TX), and Vanderbilt University Medical Center (Nashville, TN). References Further reading Ruel M, Shariff M, Lapierre H, Goyal N, Sohmer B, McGinn J. Final Results of the Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass Angiographic Graft Patency Study. 93rd American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) Annual Meeting, Minneapolis, MN. (https://web.archive.org/web/20140624073145/http://aats.org/annualmeeting/Program-Books/2013/T6.cgi). External links Bypass technique is less taxing for patients- St. Louis Today Cardiac surgery Minimally-invasive surgery