These Christians point to biblical references to eternal punishment, as well as eternal elements of this punishment, such as the unquenchable fire, the everlasting shame, the "worm" that never dies, and the smoke that rises forever, as consistent with the traditional doctrine of eternal, conscious torment of the non-believers or sinners in Hell. An annihilationist response is that the eternal nature of the fire, worms, and disgrace do not imply eternal conscious torment, only that the punishment has eternal consequences. Christians who believe in universal reconciliation have also criticized annihilationism using Biblical references. Books of the Bible argued to possibly support the idea of full reconciliation include the First Epistle to the Corinthians. The sections of 1 Corinthians 15:22, "As all die in Adam, so all will be made alive in Christ", and 1 Corinthians 15:28, "God will be all in all", are cited. Verses that seem to contradict the tradition of complete damnation and come up in arguments also include Lamentations 3:31–33 (NIV), "For no one is cast off by the Lord forever. Though he brings grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love", and 1 Timothy 4:10 (NIV), "We have put our hope in the living God, who is the Savior of all people, and especially of those who believe." Advocates British John Stott John Wenham Michael Green Philip Edgecumbe Hughes Roger Forster Richard Bauckham Basil F. C. Atkinson Ian Howard Marshall Anthony Buzzard North American Clark Pinnock Edward Fudge Greg Boyd Harold Camping Homer Hailey E. Earle Ellis Ellen G. White Charles Taze Russell Herbert Armstrong John G. Stackhouse, Jr. Joel B. Green Doug Batchelor Chris Date Glenn Peoples Preston Sprinkle Randy Folliard Agnostics Others have remained "agnostic", not taking a stand on the issue of hell. The two listed are also British: F. F. Bruce, who described himself as "agnostic" on this issue N. T. Wright rejects eternal torment, universalism, and apparently also annihilation; but believes those who reject God will become dehumanized, and no longer be in the image of God Critics/opponents John H. Gerstner John Piper J. I. Packer James R. White Steven Anderson (pastor) David Pawson Wayne Grudem R. C. Sproul Albert Mohler Tim Keller William Lane Craig Millard Erickson Francis Chan Franklin Graham Rick Warren John F. MacArthur Mark Driscoll C. J. Mahaney Heidi Baker Reinhard Bonnke See also Oblivion (eternal) Problem of Hell Soul death Ultimate fate of