Dwarf cushion star, Parvulastra exigua (Lamarck, 1816) (Namibia to Mozambique) syn. Patiriella exigua Order Velatida Family Pterasteridae Brooding cushion star, Pteraster capensis Gray, 1847 (Luderitz to Durban) Order Spinulosida Family Echinasteridae Reticulated starfish, Henricia ornata (Perrier, 1869) (Luderitz to Durban) Ophiuroidea – brittlestars Order Euryalida Family Gorgonocephalidae Basket star, gorgon's head brittle star, Astrocladus euryale (Retzius, 1783) (Cape Peninsula to Port Elizabeth) Order Ophiurida Family Ophiotrichidae Hairy brittle star, Ophiothrix fragilis (Abildgaard, 1789) (Luderitz to Durban) Family Amphiuridae Equal-tailed brittle star, Amphiura capensis Ljungman 1867 (whole coast) Family Ophionereididae Striped brittle star, Ophionereis dubia (Muller & Troschel, 1842) (False Bay to Mozambique) Family Ophiodermatidae Banded brittle star, Ophiarachnella capensis (Bell, 1888) (Saldanha Bay to Durban) Serpent-skinned brittle star Ophioderma wahlbergii Muller & Troschel, 1842 (Luderitz to Durban) Echinoidea – sea urchins Order Echinoida Family Echinidae Deepwater urchin, Echinus gilchristi Bell, 1904 (Luderitz to Port Elizabeth) Cape urchin, Parechinus angulosus Leske, 1778 (Luderitz to Durban) Order Cassiduloida Family Echinolampadidae Lamp urchin, Echinolampas crassa (Bell, 1880) (False Bay to Port Elizabeth) Order Spatangoida Family Brissidae Smooth-shelled urchin, Spatagobrissus mirabilis H.L. Clark, 1923 (False Bay) Family Loveniidae Heart urchin, Echinocardium cordatum (Pennant, 1777) (Lamberts Bay to Mozambique) Holothuroidea – sea cucumbers Order Dendrochirotida Family Cucumariidae Mauve sea cucumber, Pentacta doliolum (Pallas, 1766) (West African coast to Port Elizabeth) Horseshoe sea cucumber, Roweia frauenfeldi (Ludwig, 1882) (Angola to East London) Stephenson's sea cucumber, Roweia stephensoni (John, 1939) (False Bay to Wild Coast) Red-chested sea cucumber, Pseudocnella insolens (Theel, 1886) (Port Nolloth to Durban) Family Phyllophoridae Golden sea cucumber, Thyone aurea (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) (Luderitz to False Bay) Tunicates Order Aplousobranchia Family Clavelinidae Bell ascidian, Clavelina lepadiformis (Muller, 1776) (False Bay to Port Elizabeth) Choirboys, Clavelina sp. syn Podoclavella sp. (Western Cape) Foam ascidian, Polycitor porrecta (Millar, 1962) (Atlantic coast Cape Peninsula) Sago pudding ascidian, Cystodytes dellechiajei (Della Valle, 1877) (False Bay to Sodwana Bay, also Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean) Snowball ascidian, Distaplia skoogi Michaelsen, 1934 (False Bay and Ibo Island Mozambique) Fan ascidian, Sycozoa arborescens Hartmeyer, 1912 (Namibian border to Port Elizabeth) Family Didemnidae Lattice ascidian, Didemnum spp. (False Bay to Sodwana Bay) Brain ascidian, Trididemnum cerebriforme Hartmeyer, 1913 (Cape Columbine to Durban) Gossamer ascidian, Diplosoma listerianum (Milne-Edwards, 1841) (Cape Columbine to Mozambique) Family Holozoidae Lobed ascidian, bulb ascidian, Sigillina digitata (Millar, 1962) (Western Cape) Family Polyclinidae Mushroom ascidian, Aplidium circulatum (Hartmeyer, 1912) (False Bay to Jeffreys Bay) Aplidium crustatum F. Monniot, 2001