many Muslim leaders. On hearing of his successes Alfonso called Muño to court and made him vice-governor of Toledo, placing all the cavalry and infantry of the Trans-Sierra under his authority. In 1143 he led the municipal militias of Ávila, Segovia, and Toledo the campaign against Córdoba that culminated in the Battle of Montiel. He returned to Toledo in a triumphal procession, with an enormous booty. In the same year Alfonso gathered a large army of infantry and archery and camped on the Tajo near Toledo in preparation for a campaign against Córdoba. He left Toledo in the care of Muño and Martín Fernández, commanding them to stay at Peña Negra and prevent the Almoravids from fortifying Mora. While Alfonso was in Andalusia, Farax of Calatrava allied with the Almoravid commanders along the Guadalquivir intending to re-fortify Mora and prepare an ambush for Muño. Before sunrise on 1 August Muño with forty knights left Peña Negra under the command of Martín in order to scout enemy movements in the hills near Calatrava. They captured a solitary spy hiding in cave, who was divulging the details of Farax's expedition when the Muslim governor's vanguard appeared on the horizon. Battle was immediately joined and the Christians were victorious. Muño then returned to prepare with Martín for battle the next day, when the main body of Farax's troops would arrive. The next day (2 August) the Christians encountered the Muslims near the springs of the river Algodor. Martín was wounded in the fighting, but both sides withdrew without victory. Martín then returned to defend Peña Negra. Subsequently, a second battle was fought in the open field. Muño, realising that he was at a disadvantage, ordered his men to retreat to a large rock called Peña del Cuervo. There beset by enemy archers, he was wounded by an arrow and died during the Muslims' third offensive. All of those who had climbed the rock with him also died, as did many of the Muslim leaders. Muño's corpse was beheaded, as were those of many Christians, and his right arm and shoulder and right leg were also severed. The head was sent to Córdoba to the house of the widow of Azuel, then to Seville to Abenceta, and finally it was carried to the Almoravid sultan Texufin and all over Morocco to pronounce Muño's death. His arm and leg and the heads of his comrades