Adapis (from , 'without' and 'carpet') is an extinct adapiform primate from the Eocene of Europe. While this genus has traditionally contained five species (A. magnus, A. bruni, A. collinsonae, A. parisiensis, and A. sudrei), recent research has recognized at least six morphotypes that may represent distinct species. Adapis holds the title of the first Eocene primate ever discovered. In 1821, Georges Cuvier, who is considered to be the founding father of paleontology, discovered Adapis in fissure fillings outside of Paris, France. Given its timing and appearance in the fossil record, Cuvier did not recognize the primate affinities of Adapis and first described it as a small extinct pachyderm; only later in the 19th century was Adapis identified as a primate. Anatomy Adapis is considered a sexually dimorphic primate, in which males are generally larger in size than females; for example, one study found that compared to females, adult males of Adapis are 44%-56% larger in body weight, have 13-16% longer crania, and 13%-19% larger in canines. Moreover, males of this genus have relatively broader skulls with more prominent nuchal and sagittal crests. Interestingly, the canine dimorphism in Adapis is distinct from the form of canine dimorphism exhibited in Notharctus, another adapiform genus found in the Eocene of North America. The fossil crania of Adapis exhibit relatively small orbits which suggests a diurnal activity pattern for the genus. They also possess a tall sagittal crest and a strong postorbital constriction of the braincase in order to support massive temporalis muscles that facilitated powerful chewing. The dental anatomy of Adapis is characterized by dominant buccal shearing crests adapted for a folivorous and partially frugivorous diet. The postcranial anatomy of Adapis suggests the taxon was adapted for climbing rather than leaping. For example, the femur shares many features in common with pottos and lorises, but not lemurs. Adapis also has a very short astragalar neck and abbreviated distal elongation of the calcaneus. The ankle morphology of Adapis differs from that of notharctid taxa in its abbreviated astragalar neck and reduced distal aspect of the calcaneus. These features are also consistent with climbing instead of leaping. Taxonomic diversity Adapis belongs to the family Adapidae. While there is debate regarding the number of species of Adapis, the morphological variation in the humeri of Adapis suggests anywhere from four to six species could be represented in the genus. Traditionally, five species of Adapis have been