by the World Congress of Psychiatry in 1961. Pharmacological and recreational drugs studies Delay pioneered research on drugs including LSD, mescaline, and psilocybin. Delay's name came first on these papers in part because he was the leader of a department with strong hierarchy. Delay's team studied isoniazid (INH) and its effect on depression, around 1952. Delay discovered, jointly with J. M. Harl and Pierre Deniker, who was Delay's co-worker and also a psychiatrist, that chlorpromazine, the first neuroleptic, produced a considerable reduction in the agitation and aggression of those patients with symptoms of schizophrenia. Known first as a "ganglio-plegic", he first called the drug "neuroplégique" then finally a "neuroleptic". Deniker, with Harl and Delay, published the success with chlorpromazine in May 1952. Chlorpromazine reached common use by 1957 worldwide, except in the United States where medications were then still considered less useful than psychodynamic therapy. While this was not his most important scientific contribution, it became the most famous. It was, however, Deniker who shared the prestigious Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award with Henri Laborit (who first recognized the drug's applications in psychiatry) and Heinz Lehmann in 1957. As explained in the American Journal of Psychiatry and elsewhere, no one won a Nobel Prize for the discovery. Student revolution In May 1968, a group of about five hundred revolutionary student followers of Leon Trotsky professing antipsychiatry attacked his offices. The students felt that chemicals were straitjackets and demanded that psychiatry be removed from medicine. Within two years they forced Delay's retirement. He decided to work on literature, which was his first love. Literature Delay was elected to the Académie française in 1959 and wrote remarkable biographical studies on the Youth of André Gide (1956–1957) and his maternal ancestors in the four volumes of Preliminary Memory (1979–1986). His essay Psychiatry and Psychology The Immoraliste earned him the Grand Prix in criticism. He used the pseudonym Jean Faurel from his days at Salpêtrière until sometime before 1959. Awards Commander of the Legion of Honour Commander of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres Grand officer of the National Order of Merit Commander of the Ordre de la Santé publique Elected to the Académie française in 1959, succeeding Georges Lecomte Works Les Dissolutions de la mémoire, Preface by Pierre Janet, 1942, PUF Brain Waves and psychology, Presses Universitaires de France (PUF) 1942 The Dissolution of Memory, Foreword by Pierre Janet, Presses Universitaires de