Zhejiang Province is one of the smallest provinces (both in population and area) in China but quite well known for its academic prosperity and scholars. The province has produced a large number of distinguished scientists. In ancient time, such as Wang Chong of Han Dynasty, Shen Kuo of Song Dynasty, Huang Zongxi of Ming and Qing Dynasties from Zhejiang reached research climaxes of natural sciences in their own eras, however, this item would only focus on those modern scientists from Zhejiang. Notations for memberships of academies United States of America: Foreign Member/Member of the United States National Academy of Sciences = FM/M-NAS Foreign Member/Member of the United States National Academy of Engineering = FM/M-NAE Foreign Member/Member of the Institute of Medicine of the United States National Academies = FM/M-IM Member/Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences = M/F-AAAS Member of the New York Academy of Sciences = M-NYAS United Kingdom: Fellow of the Royal Society = FRS Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering = FRAE Fellow of the British Academy = FBA Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh = FRSE Germany: Foreign Member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina = FM-GASL Foreign Member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities = FM-BASH France: Foreign Member of the French Academy of Sciences = FM-FAS Russia: Foreign Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences = FM-RAS Foreign Member of the Russian Academy of Engineering = FM-RAE Republic of China/Taiwan: Academician/Member of the Academia Sinica = M-AS People's Republic of China: Foreign Member/Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences = FM/M-CAS Foreign Member/Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering = FM/M-CAE Other: Member of the Third World Academy of Sciences = M-TWAS Member of the International Academy of Astronautics = M-IAA Notations for personal profiles Priority: Hometown > birthplace > study/work (based on traditional Chinese convention) Hometown: h. Birthplace: b. Have trained/studied in Zhejiang: s. Have worked in Zhejiang: w. Introduction In the historic first election (in 1948) of the Academia Sinica, about 1/4 academicians came from Zhejiang, the first two Presidents of the Academia Sinica (Cai Yuanpei and Chu Ka-Wa) also were born in Zhejiang. Currently Zhejiang has produced the most members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE), and the second most members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), only after Jiangsu Province, where is also very famous for its scientific and technological tradition.