D4j1a, 1/149 D4j2, 1/149 D4j4, and 1/149 D4j5) and D4b (TMRCA 28,440 [95% CI 19,260 <-> 37,960] ybp; 12/149 = 8.1% D4b, including 5/149 D4b1a2, 2/149 D4b2b1c, 2/149 D4b2c, 2/149 D3, and 1/149 D4b1a1). Their haplogroup C4 mtDNA is somewhat less diverse, with half belonging to the C4a1a subclade (TMRCA 11,330 [95% CI 6,090 <-> 16,720] ybp; 12/149 = 8.1% C4a1a, including 6/149 C4a1a1, 3/149 C4a1a2, 1/149 C4a1a, 1/149 C4a1a1a2, and 1/149 C4a1a2a2). The Barghuts' G2a mtDNA predominantly belongs to the G2a1 subclade (9/149), but G2a5 (2/149) and G2a* (2/149) are also represented. Among the rarer mtDNA haplogroups of East Eurasian origin, B4c1a2 (TMRCA 7,000 [95% CI 3,120 <-> 10,960] ybp; 5/149 = 3.4% B4c1a2) stands out for its being relatively common among the sampled Barghuts. A minority (12/149 = 8.1%) of the sampled Barghuts belonged to West Eurasian mtDNA haplogroups U (7/149 = 4.7% U, including 1/149 U2e1, 1/149 U5b1b1, 1/149 U7a, 2/149 U8a1, 1/149 K1a13, and 1/149 K2a5) and HV (5/149 = 3.4% HV, including 1/149 H20, 1/149 H5a, 1/149 H7b, 1/149 HV1a, and 1/149 HV5). The Y-DNA of Barghuts is similar to that of Buryats, with both populations bearing mainly C-M407 and N-Tat. Malyarchuk et al. (2016) tested a sample of 76 Barghut males and assigned their Y-DNA to C-M407 (42/76 = 55.3%), N-Tat (21/76 = 27.6%), and C-M217(xM407) (8/76 = 10.5%), with singletons belonging to haplogroup G-M201, haplogroup J2a-M410, haplogroup T-M70, haplogroup O2-M122, and haplogroup R2a-M124. Economy The Barga economy is mostly nomadic based from the 8th century to now. After 2010, the Barga economy starts to have some sign of early industrialization. 1907 statistics by Mairan Jangi Somonsurong In 1907, there were over 1,764,457 domestic animals raised by Barga, including 170,172 horses, 124,398 cattle, 9,011 camels, 1,407,586 sheep and 53,290 goats. New Barga took 76.8% of domestic animals and Old Barga took the rest. Other records Local folks have a lot of tales about Bayan Barga Rich families. Dimin Ogorda had 10,000 horses during the Qing dynasty period. Jingdi Jangi had 12,000 horses during the Japanese occupation period. Yorong Jangi had 20,000 sheep. Bosang Hafan had 1,000 white cows. References External links Barag tribe Ethnic groups in Mongolia Ethnic groups in China Mongol peoples Buryat people Indigenous peoples of North Asia Inner Mongolia