a low-end to mid-range microprocessor complementing the high-end PA-8000 in HP's workstations and servers. The PA-7300LC integrates an improved PA-7100LC, 64 KB instruction and data caches, L2 cache controller, memory controller and a GSC bus controller onto a single chip. It was the first PA-RISC microprocessor to include any significant amount of on-chip cache. The L2 unified cache was optional and could be protected by parity. It could be built from register-to-register, flow-through or asynchronous SRAM. The PA-7300LC contained 9.2 million transistors, of which 1.2 million are used in logic and 8 million are used in the caches; and measured 15.3 by 17.0 mm for an area of 260.1 mm2. It was fabricated by HP in their CMOS14C process, a 0.5 µm, 3.3 V, four-layer-metal CMOS process. References Gwennap, Linley (24 January 1994). "New PA-RISC Processor Decodes MPEG Video". Microprocessor Report. pp. 16–17. Gwennap, Linley (13 November 1995). "Integrated PA-7300LC Powers HP Midrange". Microprocessor Report. Hollenbeck, D. et al. (1996). "PA7300LC integrates cache for cost/performance". COMPCON '96 Digest of Technical Papers. Josephson, D.; Storey, M.; Dixon, D. (1995). "Microprocessor IDDQ testing: a case study". IEEE Design & Test of Computers. Josephson, D.D.; Dixon D.J.; Arnold B.J. (1993). "Test features of HP PA7100LC processor". Proceedings of IEEE International Test Conference. Kever, W. et al. (1997). "A 200 MHz RISC microprocessor with 128 kB on-chip caches". ISSCC Digest of Technical Papers. Knebel, P. et al. (1993). "HP's PA7100LC: a low-cost superscalar PA-RISC processor". COMPCON Spring '93 Digest of Papers. Knebel, P. et al. (1995). "The PA 7100LC Microprocessor: A Case Study of IC Design Decisions in a Competitive Environment". hpjournal Apr 1995". Lee, R.B. (1995). "Realtime MPEG video via software decomposition on a PA-RISC processor". Lee, R.B. (April 1995). "Accelerating multimedia with enhanced microprocessors". IEEE Micro. Meneghini, T.; Josephson, D. (1997). "IDDQ testing of a 180 MHz HP PA-RISC microprocessor with redundancy programmed caches". IEEE International Workshop on IDDQ Digest of Technical Papers. Undy, S. et al. (April 1994). "A low-cost graphics and multimedia workstation chip set". IEEE Micro. PA-7100LC PA-RISC Processor OpenPA.net PA-7300LC PA-RISC Processor OpenPA.net'' External links Hummingbird: A Low-Cost Superscaler PA_RISC Processor, lecture by Stephen Undy HP microprocessors Superscalar microprocessors