are often needed elsewhere. Timeline 1527: The life history of the Atlantic salmon is described by Hector Boece of the University of Aberdeen, Scotland. 1763: Fertilization trials for Atlantic salmon take place in Germany. Later biologists refined these in Scotland and France. 1854: Salmon spawing beds and rearing ponds built along the bank of a river by the Dohulla Fishery, Ballyconneely, Ireland. 1864: Hatchery raised Atlantic salmon fry were released in the River Plenty, Tasmania in a failed attempt to establish a population in Australia 1892: Hatchery raised Atlantic salmon fry were released in the Umkomass river in South Africa in a failed attempt to establish a population in Africa. Late 19th century: Salmon hatcheries are used in Europe, North America, and Japan to enhance wild populations. 1961: Hatchery raised Atlantic salmon fry were released in the rivers of the Falkland Islands in a failed attempt to establish a population in the South Atlantic. Late 1960s: First salmon farms established in Norway and Scotland. 1970: Hatchery raised Atlantic salmon fry were released in the rivers of the Kerguelen Islands in a failed attempt to establish a population in the Indian Ocean. Early 1970s: Salmon farms established in North America. 1975: Gyrodactylus, a small monogenean parasite, spreads from Norwegian hatcheries to wild salmon, probably by means of fishing gear, and devastates some wild salmon populations. Late 1970s: Salmon farms established in Chile and New Zealand. 1984: Infectious salmon anemia, a viral disease, is discovered in a Norwegian salmon hatchery. Eighty percent of the involved fish die. 1985: Salmon farms established in Australia. 1987: First reports of escaped Atlantic salmon being caught in wild Pacific salmon fisheries. 1988: A storm hits the Faroe Islands releasing millions of Atlantic salmon. 1989: Furunculosis, a bacterial disease, spreads through Norwegian salmon farms and wild salmon. 1996: World farmed salmon production exceeds wild salmon harvest. 2007: A swarm of Pelagia noctiluca jellyfish wipes out a 100,000 fish salmon farm in Northern Ireland. 2019: The first salmon fish farm in the Middle East is established in the United Arab Emirates. In popular culture Chapter 14 of Paul Torday's 2007 novel Salmon Fishing in the Yemen includes a description of a visit to the "McSalmon Aqua Farms" where salmon are raised caged in a sea loch in Scotland. References Further reading Beveridge, Malcolm (1984) Cage and Pen fish farming: Carrying capacity models and environmental impact FAO Fisheries technical