helmet was ordered in June 1915 and distributed from September onwards. The French Army was the first to introduce steel helmets for protection against shrapnel, and by December 1915 more than three million "Adrian" helmets had been manufactured. The horizon-blue uniform and Adrian helmet proved sufficiently practical to be retained unchanged for the remainder of the war, although khaki of a shade described as "mustard" was introduced after December 1914 for the troops of the (North African) 19th Military District serving in France. See also Military history of France French Army order of battle (1914) Notes References Further reading , Arnold, Joseph C, "French tactical doctrine 1870–1914", Military Affairs: The Journal of Military History, Including Theory and Technology. (1978): 61–67, . Link in JSTOR Cabanes Bruno. August 1914: France, the Great War, and a Month That Changed the World Forever (2016) argues that the extremely high casualty rate in very first month of fighting permanently transformed France. Clayton, Anthony. Paths of Glory: The French Army 1914–18, Cassell (2003) (translator Ian Sumner). From Marne to Verdun: A French Officer's Diary, Pen & Sword Military (2016) Desagneaux, Henri. A French Solider's War Diary 1914-1918, The Elmfield Press (1975) UK translation; reprinted by Pen & Sword (2014) Doughty, Robert A. (2008). Pyrrhic Victory: French Strategy and Operations in the Great War , 592pp; excerpt and text search Fogarty, Richard S. Race and war in France: Colonial subjects in the French army, 1914–1918 (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008) Gilbert, Bentley B. and Bernard, Paul P. "The French Army Mutinies of 1917", The Historian (1959) Volume 22 Issue 1, pp 24–41, Herwig, Holger H. and Neil Heyman. (1982). Biographical Dictionary of World War I , 425pp Horne, Alistair. The French Army and Politics, 1870–1970, Macmillan (1984) Horne, Alistair. The Price of Glory: Verdun 1916, Macmillan (1962) , . Shapiro, Ann‐Louise. "Fixing History: Narratives of World War I in France." History and Theory 36.4 (1997): 111–130. online Sumner, Ian. The First Battle of the Marne: The French 'Miracle' Halts the Germans (Campaign), Osprey Publishing (2010) Sumner, Ian. (2016). The French Army at Verdun (Images of War), Pen & Sword Military Sumner, Ian. (2016). The French Army in the First World War (Images of War), Pen & Sword Military French Army Military history of France