Module. 1979 – The New Jewel Movement, headed by Maurice Bishop, ousts the Prime Minister of Grenada, Eric Gairy, in a coup d'état. 1988 – The Seikan Tunnel, the longest tunnel in the world with an undersea segment, opens between Aomori and Hakodate, Japan. 1992 – The 6.6 Erzincan earthquake strikes eastern Turkey with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). 1993 – The 1993 Storm of the Century affects the eastern United States, dropping feet of snow in many areas. 1996 – The Dunblane massacre leads to the death of sixteen primary school children and one teacher in Dunblane, Scotland. 1997 – The Missionaries of Charity choose Sister Nirmala to succeed Mother Teresa as their leader. 2003 – An article in Nature identifies the Ciampate del Diavolo as 350,000-year-old hominid footprints. 2012 – The Sierre coach crash kills 28 people, including 22 children. 2013 – The 2013 papal conclave elects Pope Francis as the 266th Pope of the Catholic Church. 2016 – The Ankara bombing kills at least 37 people. 2016 – Three gunmen attack two hotels in the Ivory Coast town of Grand-Bassam, killing at least 19 people. 2020 – President Donald Trump declares the COVID-19 pandemic to be a national emergency in the United States. 2020 – Breonna Taylor is killed by police officers who were forcibly entering her home in Louisville, Kentucky; her death sparked extensive protests against police brutality. Births Pre-1600 1372 – Louis I, Duke of Orléans (d. 1407) 1479 – Lazarus Spengler, German hymnwriter (d. 1534) 1560 – William Louis, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, Dutch count (d. 1620) 1593 – Georges de La Tour, French painter (probable; d. 1652) 1599 – John Berchmans, Belgian Jesuit scholastic and saint (d. 1621) 1601–1900 1615 – Innocent XII, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 1700) 1683 – Johann Wilhelm Weinmann, German botanist (d. 1741) 1700 – Michel Blavet, French flute player and composer (d. 1768) 1719 – John Griffin, 4th Baron Howard de Walden, English field marshal and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Essex (d. 1797) 1720 – Charles Bonnet, Swiss historian and author (d. 1793) 1741 – Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1790) 1763 – Guillaume Brune, French general and diplomat (d. 1815) 1764 – Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1845) 1770 – Daniel Lambert, English animal breeder (d. 1809) 1781 – Karl Friedrich Schinkel, German painter