to work for lower wages than the average Pakistani. Afghan labour is common in transport and construction. Most Afghans did not pay taxes while living in Pakistan, an economic concern; in Peshawar, 12,000 Afghan nationals were in business without paying taxes. To address these concerns, the Federal Board of Revenue implemented measures to tax Afghan traders. Cricket Cricket in Afghanistan has been promoted by repatriated Afghans, who were influenced by the game while they lived in Pakistan; most players on the Afghanistan national cricket team are former refugees. Afghan cricket teams such as the Afghan Cheetahs frequently participate in domestic Pakistani tournaments. Health Afghan refugees in Pakistan are looked upon and helped by the UNHCR, UNICEF, the World Health Organization (WHO), USAID and other aid agencies. Most refugees live on the outskirts of the cities in Pakistan due to cheaper costs of living. They also have limited access to health care facilities, making them more at risk of various infections and diseases. Also, movement of people from one place to another serves as a source of dispersal of infections to new areas. Communicable and noncommunicable diseases When refugees transit from non-endemic region to an endemic region, they are more susceptible to local diseases as compared to indigenous population, as they are not immune to native strains. The communicable and non-communicable disease burden is double on Pakistan as it is presently passing through an epidemiological transition. According to the Commissionerate Afghan Refugees (CAR), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), most of the deaths amongst the Afghan refugees occur due to cardiovascular problems.Risk of various health conditions, like cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, is expected to be more among refugees due to starvation. The total rate of cardiac patients is 6.67/1000. Stress is an important risk factor as migration involves the breaking of relation with family, friends, culture and social interactions. Most prevalent infections in the refugee population in Pakistan are the respiratory tract infections (48.05%). Whereas, skin diseases and diarrhea collectively affect 21.08% of the Afghan refugees. The table below shows the number of deaths per year due to the disease burden from the year 2012 to 2016. Maternal health Maternal deaths account for a substantial burden of mortality among Afghan refugee women. Due to pregnancy or childbirth related complications, deaths of more than half million women occur every year. According to the deaths record census, between January 20, 1999, and August 31, 2000, most