King Miguel I, who had ruled Portugal from 1828 to 1834. Died: Lord Ripon, 82, former Viceroy of India (1880–84) and Leader of the House of Lords (1904–08) July 10, 1909 (Saturday) China and the United States reached the first agreement providing for Chinese students to enroll at American universities. The Imperial Court approved Qianpai YouMei Xuesheng Banfa Dagang, an outline of regulations for selecting suitable candidates for study in the U.S., after its delivery by the Ministry of Education. July 11, 1909 (Sunday) At 3:00 in the morning, a heat burst south of Cherokee, Oklahoma, reportedly caused the temperature to rise briefly to , desiccating crops in the area. Born: Fritz Leonhardt, German structural engineer; in Stuttgart (died 1999) Died: Simon Newcomb, 74, American astronomer July 12, 1909 (Monday) By a margin of 317–14, the U.S. House of Representatives passed a resolution sending the proposed Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution to the states for ratification. Alabama was first (on August 10) to ratify the income tax amendment, which was, on February 3, 1913, ratified by the required 36 states. Korea agreed to turn over the functions of prison administration and the court system to Japan. Annexation would follow on August 22, 1910. President Taft set aside as the Oregon Caves National Monument. Born: Bimal Roy, Hindi film director; in Dhaka, Bengal Province, British India (died 1966) Joe DeRita, "the last of the Three Stooges" after replacing Curly Howard; as Joseph Wardell, in Philadelphia (died 1993) Herbert S. Zim, author of science books for children; in New York City (died 1994) July 13, 1909 (Tuesday) Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar, the Shah of Persia, was forced to flee to the Russian embassy after rebel armies poured into the Persian capital of Tehran. Mujahidin forces from the north, and Bakhtiari tribesmen from the south, were joined by local supporters of the revolution. By week's end, constitutional government had been restored. Born: Prince Souphanouvong, first President of Laos (1975–1991); in Luang Phrabang, five days before Savang Vatthana, last King of Laos (died 1995) July 14, 1909 (Wednesday) Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg became Chancellor of Germany upon the resignation of Chancellor von Bülow. Bethmann Hollweg served until 1917. As the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909 took effect, the Malayan peninsula states of Kedah, Kelantan, Perlis and Terengganu became British protectorates. More than , or half of Thailand's territory, were forfeited. The British submarine