wing. One species has been recorded in Maryland. Northern wheatear, Oenanthe oenanthe (R) Old World sparrows Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, these sparrows tend to be small plump brownish or grayish birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects. One species has been recorded in Maryland. House sparrow, Passer domesticus (I) Wagtails and pipits Order: PasseriformesFamily: Motacillidae Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. They are slender, ground-feeding insectivores of open country. One species has been recorded in Maryland. American pipit, Anthus rubescens Finches, euphonias, and allies Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae Finches are seed-eating passerine birds that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well. Ten confirmed species and two species of questionable origin have been recorded in Maryland. Evening grosbeak, Coccothraustes vespertinus Pine grosbeak, Pinicola enucleator (R) House finch, Haemorhous mexicanus (native to the southwestern U.S.; introduced in the east) Purple finch, Haemorhous purpureus Common redpoll, Acanthis flammea Hoary redpoll, Acanthis hornemanni (R) European greenfinch, Chloris chloris (QO) (not on the AOS Check-list; scientific name and placement are per Clements) Red crossbill, Loxia curvirostra White-winged crossbill, Loxia leucoptera European goldfinch, Carduelis tristis (QO) Pine siskin, Spinus pinus American goldfinch, Spinus tristis Longspurs and snow buntings Order: PasseriformesFamily: Calcariidae The Calcariidae are a group of passerine birds that had been traditionally grouped with the New World sparrows, but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas. Four species have been recorded in Maryland. Lapland longspur, Calcarius lapponicus Chestnut-collared longspur, Calcarius ornatus (R) Smith's longspur, Calcarius pictus (R) Snow bunting, Plectrophenax nivalis New World sparrows Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passerellidae Until 2017, these species were considered part of the family Emberizidae. Most of the species are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many of these have distinctive head patterns. Twenty-nine species have been recorded in Maryland. Cassin's sparrow, Peucaea cassinii (R) Bachman's sparrow, Peucaea aestivalis (R) Grasshopper sparrow, Ammodramus savannarum Lark sparrow, Chondestes grammacus Lark