amount of thought at this stage is likely to save a lot of time later on. Ultimate limit state Ultimate limit states are often more critical for concrete structures. Consequently, when design is undertaken, the ultimate limit state is designed for and then if necessary serviceability is checked for. However, element sizes ascertained in the pre-design stage usually ensure serviceability criteria are met. Serviceability limit state Serviceability requirements to check for deflection and crack widths are generally satisfied by observing the following details. Checking and keeping within permitted span/effective depth ratios Providing not less than the minimum permitted percentage of reinforcement. Limiting the spacing of tension reinforcement. Using “deemed to satisfy” empirical methods. If actual deflections are required, then the structure must be analysed for the serviceability limit state, using design service loads. The deflections obtained will generally be short term values and will be multiplied by a suitable factor to allow for creep effects and to give realistic long term values. Contents General Basis of design Materials (concrete and steel) including Concrete Reinforcing steel Prestressing steel Durability and cover to reinforcement Structural analysis Ultimate limit states Serviceability limit states Detailing reinforcement and prestressing tendons Detailing members, and particular rules Precast elements - additional rules Lightweight aggregated concrete structures Plain and lightly reinforced concrete structures Part 1-2: Structural fire design EN 1992-1-2 deals with the design of concrete structures for the accidental situation of fire exposure and is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1992-1-1 and EN 1991-1-2. This part 1-2 only identifies differences from, or supplements to, normal temperature design. Part 1-2 of EN 1992 deals only with passive methods of fire protection. Active methods are not covered. Part 1-3: Precast Concrete Elements and Structures EN 1992-1-3 gives a general basis for the design and detailing of concrete structures in buildings made partly or entirely of precast elements. Part 1-4: Lightweight aggregate concrete with closed structure EN 1992-1-4 gives a general basis for the design of buildings and civil engineering works in reinforced and prestressed concrete made with lightweight aggregate concrete with closed structure. Part 1-5: Structures with unbonded and external prestressing tendons EN 1992-1-5 gives a general basis for the design of reinforced concrete components provided with unbonded tendons placed within or outside the concrete. In addition, it provides design rules which are mainly applicable to buildings but, does not apply to structures subjected to significant