matters and career matters has evolved and is becoming more and more tied together. Cultures exert pressure and determine what career motives are acceptable and how their success is measured. Vyacheslav Molotov noted the role of careerism in the Soviet government in the 1930s: "Сыграл свою роль наш партийный карьеризм" [Party-oriented careerism played out its own role]. Extreme careerists measure success by acknowledgements through praise and material possessions, whether it be a new office, a raise or a congratulations in front of an individual's colleagues: notice is success. In the U.S. there is an extreme drive of personal success and those who are ambitious are the ones who gain the power in an organization. See also Sources and references Adrian Furnham (2008) Personality and Intelligence at Work, New York: Psychology Press. Buchanan Robert, Kong-Hee Kim, Randall Basham (2007) "Career orientations of business master's students as compared to social work students: Further inquiry into the value of graduate education", Career Development International 12(3): 282–303. Ronald J. Burke, Eugene Deszca (1982) "Career Success and Personal Failure Experiences and Type A Behaviour", Journal of Occupational Behavior 3(2):161–70, Edgar H. Schein (1984) "Culture as an Environmental Context for Careers", Journal of Occupational Behaviour 5(1), A Special Issue on Environment and Career, pp. 71–81 Daniel C. Feldman, Barton A. Weitz (1991) "From the invisible hand to the gladhand: Understanding a careerist orientation to work", Human Resource Management 30(2):237–257. Gratton, Peter (2005) "Essays in Philosophy", A Biannual Journal 6, DePaul University. 2 May 2009 . Griffin, Ricky W. (2004) Dark side of organizational behavior, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Inkson, Kerr (2006) Understanding Careers The Metaphors of Working Lives, Minneapolis: Sage Publications, Inc. Miller, Seumas (2007) Police ethics, St. Leonards, NSW: Allen & Unwin. Harold L. Wilensky (1964) "The Professionalization of Everyone?, American Journal of Sociology 70(2):137–58, University of Chicago Press Career development