become highly contentious given decisions by the ECJ in The Rosella and Laval. Posted Workers Directive 96/71/EC Working time and child care Reflecting basic standards in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and ILO Conventions, the Working Time Directive 2003 requires a minimum of 4 weeks (totalling 28 days) paid holidays each year, a minimum of 20-minute paid rest breaks for 6-hour work shifts, limits on night work or time spent on dangerous work, and a maximum 48-hour working week unless a worker individually consents. The Parental Leave Directive 2010 creates a bare minimum of 4 months of unpaid leave for parents (mothers, fathers, or legal guardians) to care for children before they turn 8 years old, and the Pregnant Workers Directive 1992 creates a right for mothers to a minimum of 14 weeks' paid leave to care for children. Working Time Directive 2003/88/EC Pregnant Workers Directive 92/85/EEC Parental Leave Directive 96/34/EC and 97/75/EC Health and safety The Safety and Health at Work Directive 1989 requires basic requirements to prevent and insure against workplace risks, with employee consultation and participation, and this is complemented by specialised Directives, ranging from work equipment to dangerous industries. In almost all cases, all member states go significantly beyond this minimum. Health and Safety of Atypical Workers Directive 1991 91/383/EEC Minimum Workplace Safety Directive 1989 89/654/EC Pensions While there is no wage regulation, the Institutions for Occupational Retirement Provision Directive 2003 requires that pension benefits are protected through a national insurance fund, that information is provided to beneficiaries, and minimum standards of governance are observed. These include protecting the "pension promise" of employers in the event of business trouble, and require minimum standards of funding. Most member states go far beyond these requirements, particularly by requiring a vote for employees in who manages their money. Insolvency Protection Directive 2008/94/EC article 8 Robins v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (2007) C-278/05, the member state pension guarantee institution must reimburse at much more than 20% of pension Since the global financial crisis beginning in 2007, the EU acted to create a network of transnational financial regulators in an attempt to prevent the undercutting of standards by countries competing on low regulation. One of these is the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority, which replaced a committee known as the "Committee of European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Supervisors". European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority Regulation 1094/2010