and replace Petrović, then get rid of him too, securing the rule for himself. He sent another letter in 1789. Delegation to Austria (1789–90) Jovan, being the main Austrian supporter in Montenegro, decided to take a trip to Austria. Having faith in Austria, he led a delegation consisting mainly of chieftains from the Crmnica nahija. Beginning to lose his position in Montenegro, he sought to retrieve his reputation with the help of the Austrian court. In the beginning of September 1789, the delegation arrived at Rijeka, then Radonjić and Plamenac crossed over to Trieste, from where they sent a request to Vienna hoping that the delegation would extend their trip to the Austrian capital. Radonjić requested that the Austrian army be sent into Montenegro, which was declined. On Radonjić's re-request, the Austrian Emperor decided to send munition to Montenegro in February 1790, provided that the Montenegrins "come under the wings of the Emperor in war-time, as much as in peace-time, with the Ottoman Empire". Austrian support looked unpromising. Kara Mahmud Pasha's offensive (1796) In 1796, Kara Mahmud Pasha, the Pasha of Scutari, was defeated at the Battle of Martinići. Mahmud Pasha later returned and was defeated and killed at the Battle of Krusi on 22 September. Half of the Montenegrin army was led by Metropolitan Petar I, the other by Jovan. After the victory, Jovan wrote to Vienna and asked to be compensated for his house that he had earlier burnt down. As the Austrians were satisfied with Jovan's efforts, they sent him money and lumber for the repair of the house. Last years Shortly before his death, Jovan purchased a printing press in Vienna and hired an Austrian to educate the Montenegrins in using it. However, Metropolitan Petar I accused him of bringing an Austrian spy, and charged him of wanting to sell Montenegro to the Austrian Crown. Thus, Jovan gave up on the idea of printing, and sold the press to a merchant in the Bay of Kotor. Several years later, Petar II Petrović-Njegoš brought the same press back to Montenegro. References Sources Montenegrin diplomats Montenegrin nobility Jovan Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro People from Cetinje Venetian period in the history of Montenegro 1748 births 1803 deaths Ambassadors to the Republic of Venice Ambassadors to the Holy Roman Empire Ambassadors to the Russian Empire 18th-century military history of Montenegro 19th-century military history of Montenegro