The Metrotrén (Spanish compound for metro, 'subway' + tren, 'train') was a Chilean commuter rail and regional rail service operated by the state-owned rail company EFE. The system started as a line between Santiago and San Fernando, unifying between them the city of Rancagua and other 23 towns in the Metropolitan and O'Higgins regions. This line was first connected with the Santiago Metro at Alameda station, which gave the name to the service. In 2017, after 5 years of renovation, the service was split into two, a fully renovated, commuter service between Santiago and Nos, a neighborhood in San Bernardo, in the south of the city, and an regional rail between Santiago and Rancagua. This caused the suppression of all Metrotren services to San Fernando, a second connection with the Santiago Metro at Lo Valledor station, and the integration of the Santiago-Nos service to the Metropolitan Movility Network, introducing the railway services into the Santiago's integrated public transport fares. The integration was responsible for a heavy impulse in annual ridership, and a crescent demand from the public for more rail services. Since 2019, the government has announced the construction of two brand new commuter lines from Santiago, with services to Melipilla, in the south-west, and the recovery and restoration of the line to Batuco, in the north. Both of them will be partially integrated to the city's public transport fare. In 2021, EFE decided to eliminate the brand Metrotren, and establish the services as separate brands, still fully operated by the company. History Pre-Metrotren era (1965-1979) The first precedents of a commuter rail service in Chile are from 1965, during the administration of Eduardo Frei Montalva, in which it was implemented a service called "Trenes populares" (People's trains), which circulated from Alameda towards Lo Espejo and San Bernardo in the south, and Mapocho in the north. The stations weren't established as such, and it had more resemblance to a bus stop. The services were eliminated in 1979 by the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, because of low profitability and the economical and administrative reformulation process that the state was having during those years. First era (1990-2017) After the fall of the military dictatorship, and with the return of democratic rule in 1990, pollution in Santiago became a health priority issue for the new authorities. In May 24, regional authorities declared a 4-digit no-drive days. In order to avoid collapse in