thought to be short-lived. These beetles feed on ant eggs, larvae and adults by piercing their mandibles into the abdomen or other soft part and sucking the contents. Apart from chemical mimicry and communication with their hosts, they also make use of vibrations. Several stridulatory structures are found in these beetles including alary-elytral, abdomen-femur and thorax-femur combinations of surfaces. Larvae of only about 10 species have ever been examined. The first instar larvae of Paussus favieri has a terminal disc which is raised at times and bent back over the head. They also exhibit some behaviours and mouth part adaptations which may be involved in eliciting trophallaxis by the ant hosts but this has not been confirmed. They opportunistically feed on the haemolymph of ant larvae. Systematics The subfamily Paussinae contains 49 genera, with around 800 species divided into the following tribes and subtribes: While some tribes like Metriini and Ozaenini appear quite similar to typical carabids, others have modified antennae and body shapes. The Protopaussini and Paussini are slender or compact in body shape with enlarged antennae in the Paussini. Tribe Metriini Metrius Eschscholtz, 1829 Sinometrius Wrase & Schmidt, 2006 †Kryzhanovskiana Kataev et al, 2019 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian Tribe Ozaenini Anentmetus Andrewes, 1924 Crepidozaena Deuve, 2001 Dhanya Andrewes, 1919 Entomoantyx Ball & McCleve, 1990 Eustra Schmidt-Goebel, 1846 Filicerozaena Deuve, 2001 Gibbozaena Deuve, 2001 Goniotropis Gray, 1831 Inflatozaena Deuve, 2001 Itamus Schmidt-Goebel, 1846 Microzaena Fairmaire, 1901 Mimozaena Deuve, 2001 Mystropomus Chaudoir, 1848 Ozaena Olivier, 1812 Pachyteles Perty, 1830 Physea Brulle, 1834 Physeomorpha Ogueta, 1963 Platycerozaena Banninger, 1927 Proozaena Deuve, 2001 Pseudozaena Laporte de Castelnau, 1834 Serratozaena Deuve, 2001 Sphaerostylus Chaudoir, 1848 Tachypeles Deuve, 2001 Tribe Paussini Subtribe Carabidomemnina Wasmann, 1928 Carabidomemnus H. Kolbe, 1924 Eohomopterus Wasmann, 1919 Subtribe Cerapterina Billberg, 1820 Arthropterus MacLeay, 1838 Cerapterus Swederus, 1788 Megalopaussus Lea, 1906 Mesarthropterus Wasmann, 1926 Subtribe Heteropaussina Janssens, 1953 Heteropaussus Thomson, 1860 Subtribe Homopterina Janssens, 1953 Homopterus Westwood, 1838 Subtribe Paussina Latreille, 1807 Ceratoderus Westwood 1841 Eopaussus Wasmann, 1926 Euplatyrhopalus Desneux, 1905 Granulopaussus H. Kolbe, 1938 Hylopaussus Luna de Carvalho, 1989 Hylotorus Dalman, 1823 Lebioderus Westwood, 1838 Leleupaussus Luna de Carvalho, 1962 Melanospilus Westwood, 1845 Paussomorphus Raffray, 1885 Paussus Linnaeus, 1775 Platyrhopalopsis Desneux, 1905 Platyrhopalus Westwood, 1838 Pterorhopalus Maruyama, 2011 Subtribe Pentaplatarthrina Jeannel, 1946 Hexaplatarthus Jeannel, 1955 Pentaplatarthus Westwood, 1833 Tribe Protopaussini Protopaussus Gestro, 1892 References Paussinae