of these air rifles requires the possession of a Firearm Certificate (FAC); however, ownership of such air pistols is prohibited as they are defined as "Prohibited Weapons" under Section 5 of the Firearms Act 1968. (Section 5 Authority is usually only granted to members of the Gun Trade.) Pistols and rifles below these energy levels are still termed firearms and are dealt with under the Firearms Act, but do not require licensing in England and Wales, and may be purchased by anyone over the age of 18. Pistols and rifles under 0.737 ft·lbf (1 J), including airsoft guns, are not included under firearms regulations in the UK, but do fall under The Violent Crime Reduction Act 2006. In Northern Ireland, any air rifle or air pistol generating more than 0.737 ft·lbf (1 J) is considered a firearm and as such requires a FAC. In Scotland, the Air Weapons and Licensing (Scotland) Act 2015 introduced an Air Weapon Certificate (AWC), which anyone owning or possessing an air weapon, the component parts of an air weapon and/or a sound suppressor/moderator is now required to hold. The application process for an AWC is broadly similar to that of a FAC and includes backgrounds checks. The Violent Crime Reduction Act 2006 prohibits online or mail-order sale of air guns by way of trade or business in the UK. UK transactions for items from retail UK shops must be finalised face-to-face, either at the shop where purchased or through a Registered Firearms Dealer (to which an item may be posted and the transfer completed). Since February 2011, The Crime & Security Act 2010 (S.46) made it an offence ...for a person in possession of an air weapon to fail to take reasonable precautions to prevent any person under the age of eighteen from having the weapon with him... This legislation essentially relates to the storage of air guns and the requirement of owners to prevent unauthorised access by children. Failure to do so renders owners liable for a fine of up to £1,000. Possession of an air gun while trespassing, with or without ammunition, loaded or unloaded, is armed trespass and is considered a serious criminal offence subject to heavy penalties. United States The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives states that: The term "firearm" is defined in the Gun Control Act of 1968, 18 U.S.C. Section 921(a)(3), to include "(A) any weapon (including