1946. Using her diary notes of her Africa trip, she completed her second book African Journey the same year. The book was unusual, as few books in those days dealt with Africa in the first place, and her perspective, as an African American woman, on women in black Africa was unique. The book's publication was endorsed by Pearl Buck, whose husband was the head of the John Day publishing house. The book argued that black people should take pride in their African heritage. Both white and black reviews were favorable. Buck and Eslanda continued to work together. As a result, American Argument was published in 1949, a book of dialogues and comments, edited by Buck, that lets Eslanda speak on society, politics, gender role, and race relations. While the book contained a critique of cold war politics, its reception, in general, was positive, but few copies were sold. Cold War era During the cold war, the Robesons' lives changed dramatically. The couple had first visited the Soviet Union in 1934, were impressed by the apparent absence of racism, and agreed with the stance of communism against racism, colonization, and imperialism. While aware of the Great Purge by or before 1938, they accepted this (as Robeson explained to his son, "(S)ometimes… great injustices may be inflicted on the minority when the majority is in a pursuit of a great and just course") and did not speak out against it. By 1938, however, they helped Eslanda’s brother Francis escape. Her brother John had already departed the previous year, and Paul Jr. did not continue with his education at a Moscow “model school.” In 1941, Eslanda and Paul joined other influential black people to found the Council on African Affairs. As a member, Eslanda spoke often and articulately in critique of western colonial powers for subjugating people of color for political and economic gain. The couple were targeted during McCarthyism. His passport revoked, Robeson’s career came to a standstill, their income dropped dramatically, and the Connecticut estate had to be sold. On July 17, 1953, Eslanda, like her husband, was called to testify before the U.S. Senate. Asked if she was a communist, she took the Fifth Amendment and challenged the legitimacy of the proceedings. Her passport was revoked, until the decision was overturned in 1958. Fighting for the decolonization of Africa and Asia, she continued to work for the Council on African