the SWCNTs, as graphene has a 2D structure it should have much smaller non-saturable loss and much higher damage threshold. Indeed, with an erbium-doped fiber laser we self-started mode locking and stable soliton pulse emission with high energy have been achieved. Due to the perfect isotropic absorption properties of graphene, the generated solitons could be regarded as vector solitons. How the evolution of vector soliton under the interaction of graphene was still unclear but interesting, particularly because it involved the mutual interaction of nonlinear optical wave with the atoms., which was highlighted in Nature Asia Materials and nanowerk. Furthermore, atomic layer graphene possesses wavelength-insensitive ultrafast saturable absorption, which can be exploited as a "full-band" mode locker. With an erbium-doped dissipative soliton fiber laser mode locked with few layer graphene, it has been experimentally shown that dissipative solitons with continuous wavelength tuning as large as 30 nm (1570 nm-1600 nm) can be obtained. See also Soliton Fiber laser Nonlinear system Compacton, a soliton with compact support Clapotis Freak waves may be a related phenomenon Oscillon Peakon, a soliton with a non-differentiable peak Q-ball, a non-topological soliton Soliton (topological) Soliton (optics) Soliton model of nerve impulse propagation Spatial soliton Solitary waves in discrete media Topological quantum number Sine-Gordon equation Graphene Nonlinear Schrödinger equation References Physical optics