March–21 May 1799: Napoleonic Wars: Siege of Acre – An unsuccessful attempt by Napoleon to capture the city of Acre. 8 April 1799: Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Nazareth 11 April 1799: Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Cana 16 April 1799: Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Mount Tabor – Napoleon drives Ottoman Turks across the River Jordan near Acre. 19th century 1831: Muhammad Ali of Egypt's French-trained forces occupy Syria. 1832: an Egyptian Army led by Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt marches on Anatolia and defeats an Ottoman army under Grand Vizier Reshid Pasha at the Battle of Konya. 10 May 1832: The Egyptians, aided by Maronites, seize Acre from the Ottoman Empire after a 7-month siege. 1833: Western powers broker the Convention of Kutahya. The terms require Muhammad Ali to withdraw his troops from Anatolia and receive the territories of Syria, Crete, and Hijaz in exchange. 1834-5: Syrian Peasant revolts, including Sanjak of Jerusalem, Sidon Eyalet and Aleppo Eyalet. 1 January 1837: Galilee earthquake of 1837 – a devastating earthquake the shook the Galilee region, killing thousands of people. 1839: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, backed by the Russian Empire and the Austrian Empire, compels July Monarchy France to abandon Muhammad Ali of Egypt, and it forces him to return Syria and Arabia to the Ottoman Empire. 15 July 1840: The Austrian Empire, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Russian Empire sign the Convention of London with the ruler of the Ottoman Empire. The signatories offered to Muhammad Ali and his heirs permanent control over Egypt and the Acre Sanjak, provided that these territories would remain part of the Ottoman Empire and that he agreed within ten days to withdraw from the rest of Syria and returned to Sultan Abdülmecid I the Ottoman fleet which had defected to Alexandria. Muhammad Ali was also to immediately withdraw its forces from Arabia, the Holy Cities, Crete, the Adana District, and all of the Ottoman Empire. 1840: The Tanzimat reforms begin to have an impact in Syria. 1840: Sectarian clashes in Mount Lebanon between Druze and Christian Maronites. 1847: the Syrian Association founded in Beirut. 1850: Christians massacred in the Vilayet of Aleppo. 1860: The first Jewish neighborhood (Mishkenot Sha'ananim) is built outside the walls of the Old City of Jerusalem. 1860: Clashes between Druze and Maronites in Mount Lebanon and Damascus. 9 June