Brachyhyops is an extinct genus of entelodont artiodactyl mammal that lived during the Eocene Epoch of western North America and southeastern Asia (including Mongolia, China, and Kazakhstan). The first fossil remains of Brachyhyops are recorded from the late Eocene deposits of Beaver Divide in central Wyoming and discovered by paleontology crews from the Carnegie Museum of Natural History during the early 20th century. The type species, Brachyhyops wyomingensis, is based on a single skull and was named by E.H. Colbert in 1937, but was not officially described until 1938. During the latter half of the 20th century, additional specimens from North America have been recorded from Saskatchewan and as far south as Texas, indicating that Brachyhyops had a broad distribution and was well-dispersed throughout western North America. More recent discoveries from Eocene deposits in Mongolia lead to the recognition of a second species of Brachyhyops, B trofimovi. It is notable that the oldest specimens of Brachyhyops are middle Eocene in age and have been recorded exclusively from southern Asia, whereas specimens from the late Eocene only occur in the northern part of the continent. This implies that the genus Brachyhyops most likely originated in southern Asia, migrated north and eventually dispersed into western North America. Discovery In 1934, crew members of the Carnegie Museum paleontological expedition discovered the holotype of Brachyhyops wyomingensis (CM 12048) from the uppermost beds of the Eocene White River Formation, in a member known as the Big Sand Draw Sandstone Lentil, at Beaver Divide, Wyoming. The specimen consists of a single, exceptionally well preserved, but severely distorted, isolated skull with no mandibles or post cranial material. Since its initial discovery, several other partial specimens of Brachyhyops have been recorded within North America and Asia. Currently, four species of Brachyhyops have been recognized; two from Asia and two within North America, and include Brachyhyops trofimovi from Mongolia, B. neimongoliensis from northern China, B. viensis from Saskatchewan, Canada; Wyoming, and New Mexico, USA, and lastly, B. wyomingensis from Wyoming, Utah, and Texas, USA. Description Holotype (CM 12048) of Brachyhyops wyomingensis was diagnosed by Edwin H. Colbert in 1938 as a medium sized skull with a relatively short snout and a length that is comparable to the skull of a modern peccary. The portion of the skull behind the eye socket is greater compared to the portion of the skull in front of the eye socket due to the