Third Country Agreement applies to refugee claimants who are seeking entry to Canada or the United States at Canada-United States land border crossings (including by rail). It also applies at airports if a person who is seeking refugee protection in country B was determined not to be a refugee in country A, and is in transit through country A as part of their deportation. For example, a refugee claimant in Canada who has been determined not to be a refugee in the United States, has been ordered deported from the United States, and is in transit through a Canadian airport as part of their removal from the United States. Exceptions Exceptions to the Safe Third Country Agreement are defined as four types: family member exceptions; unaccompanied minors exception; document holder exceptions; and public interest exceptions. In addition to meeting the criteria for an exception under the agreement, refugee claimants must still meet all other eligibility criteria of the relevant immigration legislation for the country that they are claiming status in. Though refugee claimants who enter Canada at official crossings are usually sent back to the US, they would not be sent back if they cross at locations in between designated ports of entry; in this case, their claims will be heard, and many immigration experts consider this to be a loophole within the agreement. Controversy and calls for suspension Following U.S. executive orders Shortly after inauguration, U.S. President Donald Trump signed these Executive Orders, which have since been revoked by his successor, Joe Biden: Executive Order 13769, which suspended the United States Refugee Admissions Program and banned travel from seven African and Middle-Eastern countries; Executive Order 13768, which revoked eligibility for federal funding for sanctuary jurisdictions; and Executive Order 13767, which directed that a wall be built along the Mexico–United States border. In response to Executive Order 13769, immigrant and civil-rights advocacy groups in Canada called for the federal government to suspend the Safe Third Country Agreement. These groups included Amnesty International, the Canadian Civil Liberties Association, the Association québécoise des avocats et avocates en droit de l'immigration, the British Columbia Civil Liberties Association, the Canadian Association of Refugee Lawyers, the Canadian Council for Refugees, and a group of 200 law professors from universities across Canada. Emergency parliamentary debate On January 30, 2017, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) critic Jenny Kwan, of the New Democratic Party (NDP), proposed an