reached the Shenandoah Valley in the last week of May. Gen. Jones led his men through Greenbrier County where they rested at White Sulphur Springs on May 17 at the "Old White". They moved on to Bath County camped near Mount Crawford in Rockingham County on May 21. Aftermath In his final tally of the raid, Jones estimated that about 30 of the enemy were killed and 700 prisoners taken. Some 400 new recruits were added, as well as a piece of artillery, 1,000 head of cattle, and some 1,200 horses. Sixteen bridges had been destroyed, an oil field, many boats and rolling rail stock (Workman, 2006). However, raiders also failed to destroy a suspension bridge across the Monongahela River, and important politicians of the Restored Government of Virginia who were auxiliary targets escaped. Senator Waitman Willey took a fast buggy across the Ohio River, and raiders could only burn the library of Gov. Francis Pierpont in Fairmont. The greater part of Gen. Imboden's troops and many of Gen. Jones's troops came from western Virginia. Just a few weeks after their raid, those homes would be formally recognized by the governments in Wheeling and Washington as being located in the newest state of the Union, West Virginia, which officially achieved statehood on June 20, 1863. Although West Virginia's admission to the Union would never be formally recognized by either the Confederate government or the secessionist state government located in Richmond, the Confederacy was never again able to seriously challenge the Union for effective control of the 35th state. Notes References Black, Robert W., Cavalry Raids of the Civil War, Stackpole Books, 2004. Collins, Darrell, L., The Jones-Imboden Raid: The Confederate Attempt to Destroy the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad and Retake West Virginia, McFarland Press, 2007. Woodward, Harold R., Jr., Defender of the Valley: Brigadier General John Daniel Imboden, C.S.A., Howell Press, 1996. Workman, Michael, "Worth to Me an Army", Study of the History of Rowlesburg in Civil War, commissioned by the Rowlesburg Area Historical Society under a grant from the West Virginia Department of Transportation, Byways Trail Project, 2006. Cavalry raids of the American Civil War Conflicts in 1863 1863 in Virginia Military operations of the American Civil War in West Virginia April 1863 events May 1863 events