as an English teacher but six months later the school was closed, and he transferred to the Osaka English School. In June 1880, Summers was invited to the Sapporo Agricultural College as a professor of English literature, where one of his students was Inazō Nitobe. In 1882, Summers returned to Tokyo, where he tutored foreign children and opened a private school in 1884. In 1891, Summers died of a cerebral hemorrhage at his home in Tsukiji Tokyo. His widow Ellen and daughters continued the school he had established, teaching English to noted novelist Junichirō Tanizaki before it closed in 1908. Summers is buried in the foreign cemetery in Yokohama. Works (Oxford University) Descriptive catalogue of the Chinese, Japanese, and Manchu books (1872) Notes References See also List of Sinologists Kwan, U.S.P. (2018). Transferring Sinosphere Knowledge to the Public: James Summers (1828–91) as Printer, Editor and Cataloguer, East Asian Publishing and Society, 8(1), 56-84. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/22106286-12341317 External links Unforgettable People in Japan 1828 births 1891 deaths Foreign advisors to the government in Meiji-period Japan People from Lichfield Foreign educators in Japan British expatriates in Japan Academics of King's College London People from Tokyo British sinologists