allies, eventually defected to John III in 1252. However, the initial Nicaean conquest where the Emperor Theodore II Laskaris appointed Constantine Chabaron as the ruler of the Principality, proved short-lived, for the events prompted the Rebellion of Arbanon in 1257. Golem is last mentioned in the historical records among other 'notables' of Arbanon, in a meeting with George Akropolites in Durrës that occurred in the winter of 1256–1257. Akropolites subsequently annexed the statelet and installed a Byzantine civil, military and fiscal administration. Possessions Arbanon extended over the modern districts of central Albania, with the capital at Kruja. It was a small territory in the 11th and 12th centuries, stretching from rivers Devoll to Shkumbin. Arbanon did not have direct access to the sea. Robert Elsie notes that the coastal cities of modern Albania did not have noticeable Albanian communities throughout the Middle Ages, whereas the coasts of Epiros further south, despite their control by Serbs and Greeks, were primarily inhabited by Albanians according to Alain Ducellier. The fortresses of Kruja was the seat of the state. Progon gained possession of the surroundings of the fortress which became hereditary. Economy Arbanon was a beneficiary of the Via Egnatia trade road, which brought wealth and benefits from the more economically developed Byzantine civilization. Rulers Progon (between 1190–1198) Gjin Progoni (1198–1208) Demetrio Progoni (ca. 1208 – ca. 1216) Gregory Kamonas (ca. 1216 – ?) Golem (ca. 1252 – ca. 1256) Constantine Chabaron (ca. 1256 – ca. 1257) See also Rebellion of Arbanon Albanian principalities History of Albania References Bibliography Further reading Albanian principalities States and territories established in 1190 Provinces of the Byzantine Empire Despotate of Epirus 1190 establishments in Europe Former countries in the Balkans Former monarchies