Formiga, a community in the Tijuca neighbourhood of Rio de Janeiro, on improving public safety, in cooperation with the local Pacifying Police Unit. Global Food Security Their program on Global Food Security, designed in collaboration with the Sir Ratan Tata Trust and CINI, examines the intersection between food security, development, and state security. Their project currently focuses on India and Brazil, as well as maintaining a central aggregation website for information on food security. Rome Consensus Their Rome Consensus programme commits 121 National Societies of Red Cross and Red Crescent from Africa, Asia, the Americas, the Middle East and Europe to promote and implement humanitarian approaches to drug use. The declared aims of the Rome Consensus are to bring drugs and drug use to the forefront of social concerns, focusing drug response formulation and implementation on a public health approach. The program is coordinated from London, UK. Directors and spokesmen Norine MacDonald QC is both Founder and President of ICOS. Norine MacDonald also serves as Lead Field Researcher (conducting most of her work in Afghanistan and Somalia). Emmanuel Reinert is executive director and works generally out of the Rio de Janeiro office. His work has led to international campaigns focusing on counter-narcotics and security issues. Jorrit Kamminga is the Director of Policy Research for ICOS. Poppy licensing One of their major policy recommendations is the licensing of opium in Afghanistan for pharmaceutical purposes. They argue that it is based on the premise that there are two problems that need to be solved: Afghanistan's reliance on opium; A lack of opiate-based medicines available for pharmaceutical purposes They contend that this would be a short-to-medium term solution to address the opium crisis that is currently occurring in Afghanistan, since alternative livelihoods programs in the country will take many years to come to fruition and no crop matches the agronomic properties of opium. Meanwhile, according to the World Health Organization there are vast unmet needs for morphine in developed countries and this is an even greater problem in developing countries, compounded by the growing rates of HIV/AIDS and cancer around the world. Nobel Prize in Chemistry Laureate John Charles Polanyi and Stéphane Dion, leader of the Liberal Party of Canada, have expressed their support for the poppy for medicines project. Poppy for Medicine The organisation, in 2007, launched a "Poppy for Medicine" technical dossier that outlined a project model for licensing poppy cultivation