a late-ancient or early-medieval necropolis, constructed on existing cisterns. Other tombs and catacombs are visible in the so-called Grotte Fragapane, dating to the 4th century AD. These late-Roman and Byzantine necropolises lie in an area used for tombs since ancient times. One of these, the so-called Tomb of Theron, is a naiskos sepulchre with square plan. Gate IV is located near the tomb of Theron: probably one of the most important in the city, as it led to the sea. West of the Olympeion, are remains of two insulae (residences) 38 m wide, connected by a square to the ancient Gate V. It is likely that they were built re-using structures belonging to the sacred area of the Olympeion. Nearby is a sanctuary with an L-shaped portico from the early 5th century BC, which is annexed to Gate V. In the area are also two archaic (mid-6th century BC) temples. On the northern side of Gate V is a large stone square leading to the "Sanctuary of the Chthonic Gods". The so-called "Oratory of Phalaris" is in fact a Roman temple, measuring 12.40 x 8.85 m. Excavations Much of the excavation and restoration of the temples was due to the efforts of archaeologist Domenico Antonio Lo Faso Pietrasanta (1783–1863), who was the Duke of Serradifalco from 1809 through 1812. During the 20th century, the archeological excavation was mainly funded by Captain Alexander Hardcastle. He permitted excavations within the archaeological park including the straightening of the eight columns on the south side of the Temple of Heracles. For his contributions to archaeology he was made an honorary citizen of the city of Agrigento and was granted in 1928 the rank of Commander of the Order of the Crown of Italy. See also Architecture of Ancient Greece Greek temple List of Greco-Roman roofs References External links The Valley of the Temples. A visitor's guide to the Valley of the Temples Valley of the Temples - photo gallery Valley of the Temples at Google Cultural Institute Archaeological sites in Sicily Buildings and structures in the Province of Agrigento Agrigento Temples of Asclepius Tourist attractions in Sicily Museums in Sicily Archaeological museums in Italy Museums of ancient Greece in Italy World Heritage Sites in Italy Archaeological parks