farmers lacked the expertise necessary to process the raw beans. The modern industry was kickstarted by Chiu Ming-sung a betel nut farmer and chocolatier from Pingtung who in 2007 became the first on Taiwan to make tree-to-bar chocolate. Taiwan's cocoa production is centered in Pingtung in Southern Taiwan. Because of high production costs and small farm size Taiwanese cocoa producers focus on producing estate-grade beans. In Pingtung county cocoa is generally grown as a companion crop to betel nut as the tall betel nut palms shade the cocoa plants. As of 2020 approximately 200-300 acres was under cultivation in Pingtung supporting around 30 chocolate making companies. Chocolate industry The cocoa industry supports a significant domestic cocoa processing and chocolate making industry. Taiwan is one of the few mature chocolate making countries to also be a cocoa producer. In 2021 Taiwan tightened the labelling regulations for chocolate. Coffee The first coffee plants on Taiwan were imported by the British to Tainan in 1884 with the first significant small scale cultivation taking place in New Taipei City's Sanxia District. Tainan remains the heart of Taiwanese coffee culture. Commercial coffee production in Taiwan began during the Japanese colonial period. The Japanese developed the industry to feed the export market. Production reached a peak in 1941 following the introduction of arabica coffee plants. Production declined shortly thereafter as a result of World War II. Domestic production is small but of high quality, imported beans account for the vast majority of coffee sold in Taiwan. In 2016 domestic production was 900 tons while 30,000 tons was imported. The coffee borer beetle is a significant pest in Taiwan. Tainung No. 1 is the first popular domestically bred coffee cultivar. It can be grown at lower altitudes than most coffee varieties and produces excellent quality beans. Fruits In 2013, Taiwan harvested 2.68 million tonnes of fruits from 1,844 km2 of land with a total value of US$191 million. Taiwan's fruit crops include banana, grape, guava, jujube, lychee, mandarin orange, mango, orange, papaya, pineapple, pomelo, sand pear, dragonfruit, starfruit, strawberry, watermelon and wax apple. The annual fruits export is 60,000 tons with a value of NT$3,452 million. In 2018 largest export market of Taiwanese fruits was China. In 2022 the largest export market of Taiwanese fruits was Japan. Avocados Most avocado varieties grown in Taiwan produce large fruit. Domestic avocados compete with imported American hass avocados in the