other again for a chronology that appeared in Nature in 1987. In the November 29, 2002 issue of Science, Gallo and Montagnier published a series of articles, one of which was co-written by both scientists, in which they acknowledged the pivotal roles that each had played in the discovery of HIV, as well as a historical review in the New England Journal of Medicine. In 2008, Montagnier and his colleague Françoise Barré-Sinoussi from the Institut Pasteur were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work on the discovery of HIV. Harald zur Hausen also shared the Prize for his discovery that human papilloma viruses lead to cervical cancer, but Gallo was left out. Gallo said that it was "a disappointment" that he was not named a co-recipient. Montagnier said he was "surprised" Gallo was not recognized by the Nobel Committee: "It was important to prove that HIV was the cause of AIDS, and Gallo had a very important role in that. I'm very sorry for Robert Gallo." Organizations In 2005, Gallo co-founded Profectus BioSciences, Inc., a biotechnology company. Profectus develops and commercializes technologies to reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by human viral diseases, including HIV. In March 2011, Gallo founded the Global Virus Network in conjunction with William Hall of University College Dublin and Reinhard Kurth of the Robert Koch Institute. The network's goals include increasing collaboration among virus scholars, expanding virologist training programs, and overcoming gaps in research, especially during the early stages of viral epidemics. References Further reading External links Combatting AIDS at Home by Dr. Robert Gallo, The Washington Post, op-ed, November 16, 2008 Official biography Discovering the Cause of AIDS, by Stanley B. Prusiner Robert Gallo optimistic about finding an HIV vaccine soon - A recorded Interview on IsraCast NIH oral History of Dr. Robert C. Gallo on AIDS research The Sound and Fury of HIV French researchers win for virus discovery; controversial scientist shunned Portrait, Interviews und Lectures Dan David Prize laureate 2009 1937 births Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences Living people American virologists HIV/AIDS researchers American people of Italian descent American medical researchers American oncologists People from Waterbury, Connecticut Providence College alumni Thomas Jefferson University alumni Recipients of the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research Recipients of the Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award Fellows of the AACR Academy Members of the National Academy of Medicine