raptured and said that "the Secret Rapture was bad enough, but this [John Darby's equally novel idea that the book of Matthew is on "Jewish" ground instead of "Church" ground] was worse." Newton interpreted 1 Thessalonians 4:16 and 2 Thessalonians 2 v1-4 as proof of a post-tribulation, non-secret rapture. He viewed Darby's dispensational and pre-tribulation rapture teaching as "the height of speculative nonsense". Unlike Darby, he also believed that the church is made up of both Jews, including Old Testament saints, and Gentiles, who have been made one in Christ, and that Darby's scheme, followed logically, implied two distinct and separate ways to salvation. Between 1835 and 1845, Darby spent much of his time in Continental Europe, while the assembly in Plymouth had grown to over 1000 people, with the condition of the assembly being likened to "heaven on earth". In 1840, a larger chapel in Ebrington Street, Plymouth was built and used for the main worship services, while Providence Chapel was retained for smaller meetings such as evangelistic services. In 1843, Darby briefly visited Plymouth and tensions with Newton grew. Darby was dismayed by the state of the assembly, which, in his absence, he saw as having shifted from the priesthood of all believers towards the establishment of official clergy. The doctrinal dispute over future events was intensified by the 1842 publication of Newton's Thoughts on the Apocalypse, which in 1843 received a hostile 490-page review from Darby. In March 1845, Darby fled from Switzerland due to a threat of revolution in Geneva and travelled to Plymouth to "battle for the soul of Brethrenism". A war of words escalated into a pamphlet war over eschatology, the priesthood of all believers together with the role of assembly leaders. Darby had by then developed strong views against formal recognition of elders. Also in dispute was whether, as Newton believed, each assembly was independent and autonomous, or as Darby believed, formed connected and integral parts of a universal body. Darby and Newton had strong, intransigent personalities that exacerbated the situation. The dispute became personal, with Darby exiting from fellowship with the Plymouth assembly and publicly accusing Newton of deception and dishonesty. These charges against Newton were investigated by the elders at Ebrington Street and dismissed. Although most of the Plymouth assembly, at this stage, supported Newton, Darby had some support, particularly from Wigram, by then living in London, who had earlier financed