it to them. As a result, this can be a frightening and frustrating experience, filled with a sense of powerlessness and uncertainty for the patient, though in rare conditions, this pattern tends not to be followed, and due to lack of expertise patients are forced to learn about their conditions. An in-depth discussion of diagnosis, lab results, and treatment options and outcomes in Layman's terms that the patient can understand can be reassuring and give the patient a sense of agency over their condition. Concurrently, this type of strong communication between a doctor and their patient can strengthen the physician–patient relationship as well as promote better treatment adherence and health outcomes. Coercion Under certain conditions healthcare workers are able to treat patients involuntarily, imprison them, or involuntarily administer drugs to alter the patients' ability to think. They may also engage in forms of "informal coercion" where information or access to social services can be used to control a patient. Deception Lying in the doctor–patient relationship is common. Doctors provide minimal information to patients after medical errors. Doctors may lie to patients to displace culpability for poor outcomes and say they avoid giving patients information because it may confuse patients, cause pain, or undermine hope. They may lie to avoid uncomfortable conversation about disability or death, or to encourage patients to accept a particular treatment option. The experience of being lied to may undermine an individuals trust in others or themselves and reduce faith in one's church, community or society and result in avoidant behaviour to avoid being wounded. Patients may seek financial and legal retribution. Patients may lie to doctors for financial reasons such as to receive disability payments, for access to medication, or to avoid incarceration. Patients may lie out of embarrassment or shame. Palmeira and Sterne suggest that healthcare workers acknowledging the motivations of patients to lie to appear in a positive light to reduce deception by patients. Palmeira and Sterne offer different psychological framings and motivations for lying. From the perspective of attachment theory, lying may be used to avoid revealing information about an individual avoid intimacy and therefore the risk of rejection or shame, or to exaggerate to obtain protection or care. They also discuss the idea of protecting or maintaining an ego ideal.Generally, Palmeira and Sterne suggestion discussions about the amount of information and detail parties wish to discuss, viewing obtaining truth as an ongoing