New Guinea farmers achieve more income with breeding butterflies for life exhibits in zoos than with cultivation of coffee encourage support for the natural butterfly populations by cultivating food plants. Income is also made from sales to collectors. In his 1983 report to the Department of Primary Industries, Papua New Guinea, M.J. Parsons wrote that "Ironically it is now becoming an accepted fact that the very demand for Ornithoptera is one of the main assets which will ensure their future survival if they can be exploited in the correct way." The paradise birdwing is listed on CITES appendix II, limiting the international exportation of the species to those who are granted a permit. Gallery References D'Abrera, B. (1975) Birdwing Butterflies of the World. Country Life Books, London. Borch, H. and Schmid. F., 1975 . The life cycle of Ornithoptera paradisea (Papilionidae). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 29: 1-9. 12 col figures. pdf includes colour photos of egg, larval instars and pupa. Haugum & Low, 1974 The sub-species and forms of the tailed Birdwing Ornithoptera paradisea Staud Entomologist's Rec. J. Var. 1974: First description of Ornithoptera (Schoenbergia) paradisea borchi Haugum, J. & Low, A.M. 1978-1985. A Monograph of the Birdwing Butterflies. 2 volumes. Scandinavian Press, Klampenborg; 663 pp. Deslisle,G. 2004 A Taxonomic Revision of the Birdwing Butterflies of Paradise, genus Ornithoptera, based on the adult morphology .Lambillionea, 2004 (4 Décembre supplément) 96 pp + 51 plates. Savela, Markku. Website on Lepidoptera (accessed 14 November 2012) So, H. & S. Sato, 1998: A new subspecies of Ornithoptera paradisea Staudinger, 1893 (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae). Transactions of the Lepidopterological Society of Japan 49(2): 135-146. Full paper External links Butterfly corner Images from Naturhistorisches Museum Wien Ornithoptera paradisea at Ngypal Borch, H. and Schmid. F. (1975). The life cycle of Ornithoptera paradisea (Papilionidae). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 29: 1-9. 12 col figures. Includes colour photos of egg, larval instars and pupa. Papilionidae – revised GloBIS/GART species checklist Global Butterfly Information System Images of the Holotype Consortium for the Barcode of Life Barcode of Life Pteron Images of ssp. arfakensis Australasia ecoregions paradisea Butterflies of Oceania Lepidoptera of New Guinea Lepidoptera of Papua New Guinea Butterflies described in 1893