three other Sioux bands, formed the Sioux Alliance. This Alliance attacked surrounding tribes for territorial and hunting reasons. Culture Gender roles Historically, women have been critical to the family's life: making almost everything used by the family and tribe. They have cultivated and processed a variety of crops; prepared the food; prepared game and fish; worked skins to make clothing and footwear, as well as storage bags, the covering of tipis, and other items. Women have historically controlled the food, resources and movable property, as well as owned the family's home. Typically, in the Oglala Lakota society, the men are in charge of the politics of the tribe. The men are usually the chiefs for political affairs, war leaders and warriors, and hunters. Traditionally, when a man marries, he goes to live with his wife with her people. Oglala flag First used in 1961, this flag was approved by the Oglala Sioux Tribal Council on March 9, 1962, as the flag of the Oglala Sioux Tribe (OST). The circle of 8 tipi on the flag represent the geometric form created in the Lakota Inipi (Sweat Lodge). The red field represents the Red Nation, which the Lakota refer to themselves as the "Red People". The flag pictured is the original not the current OST Flag. Notable Oglala Leaders American Horse (The Younger) American Horse (The Elder) Bryan Brewer Crazy Horse Crow Dog (Kangisanka) Kicking Bear Little Wound Old Chief Smoke (Šóta) Red Cloud Iron Tail Flying Hawk Big Mouth Cecilia Fire Thunder Theresa Two Bulls Young Man Afraid of His Horses Black Elk Red Shirt (Oglala) Luther Standing Bear Henry Standing Bear Russell Means (Oyate Wacinyapin) John Yellow Bird Steele Steve Livermont Military personnel Ed McGaa – Korean and Vietnam War veteran Ola Mildred Rexroat – WASP, World War II Artists Imogene Goodshot Arquero, beadwork artist Arthur Amiotte, mixed-media artist Amos Bad Heart Bull Kicking Bear, ledger artist Poets Layli Long Soldier Storytellers Albert White Hat Athletes Billy Mills, Olympic champion (1964) Teton Saltes, professional football player signed by the New York Jets of the NFL (2021) SuAnne Big Crow, basketball player for Pine Ridge High School Performers Albert Afraid of Hawk – member of Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show who died and was buried in Danbury, Connecticut, while on tour in 1900. His remains were exhumed and re-interred on Pine Ridge Reservation in 2012. Culinary activists Sean Sherman (Pine Ridge,