of 2 symphonies, with sketches for a third elaborated into a performing version by Anthony Payne in 1997—see Category of Elgar symphonies. In addition, the composer referred to a fourth work, The Black Knight (1889–93), as a "symphony for chorus and orchestra," although it is classified typically as a cantata. Edgar Stillman Kelley (1857–1944), American composer of 2 symphonies Sylvio Lazzari (1857–1944), French composer of a Symphony in E-flat major (1907) Catharinus Elling (1858–1942), Norwegian composer of 2 symphonies (No. 1, A major, 1890; and No. 2, A minor, 1897) Richard Franck (1858–1938), German composer of 1 symphony Jenő Hubay (1858–1937), Hungarian violinist and composer of 4 symphonies (the last two with voices and chorus) Hans Rott (1858–1884), Austrian composer of a Symphony in E major (1880), as well as a Symphony for Strings in A-flat major (1875); the composer also left sketches for a second symphony Harry Rowe Shelley (1858–1947), American composer of 2 symphonies Max Fiedler (1859–1939), German conductor and composer of 1 symphony Gerard von Brucken Fock (1859–1935), Dutch composer of 3 symphonies Josef Bohuslav Foerster (1859–1951), Czech composer of 5 symphonies Eugène d'Harcourt (1859–1918), French composer of 3 symphonies Alexander Ilyinsky (1859–1920), Russian composer of 1 symphony Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov (1859–1935), Russian composer of 2 symphonies plus a "Sinfonietta for Orchestra" Sergei Lyapunov (1859–1924), Russian composer of 2 symphonies (No. 1, B minor, 1887; and No. 2, B-flat minor, 1917) Pietro Floridia (1860–1932), Italian–American composer of 1 symphony Alberto Franchetti (1860–1942), Italian composer of a Symphony in E minor (1885) Gustav Mahler (1860–1911), Austrian composer of 9 numbered symphonies, the third (1893–96) of which is his longest symphony at approximately 105 minutes, while the eighth (1906) calls for three choirs and eight vocal soloists (and premiered with over 1,000 performers); in addition, the composer also left detailed sketches for a tenth symphony, later elaborated by, among others, Deryck Cooke—see Category of Mahler symphonies. Finally, a composition for soprano, tenor, and orchestra, Das Lied von der Erde (1908–09), is classified as an unnumbered symphony. Ignacy Jan Paderewski (1860–1941), Polish composer of a Symphony in B minor, Op. 24 (Polonia, 1908) Emil von Reznicek (1860–1945), Austrian composer of 5 symphonies William Wallace (1860–1940), Scottish composer of a "Creation Symphony" Felix Woyrsch (1860–1944), German composer of 7 symphonies Anton Arensky (1861–1906), Russian composer of 2 symphonies (No. 1, B minor, 1883; and No. 2, A major, 1889) Wilhelm Berger (1861–1911),