or CITES. Currently there are no conservation plans in action specific to the lamprey, nor laws or protected waterways aimed at conservation. No evidence of biological factors has been found that would contribute to a decline in the abundance or the range of the creature; in fact, the biggest threat to the lamprey and closely related species is human-induced alteration of suitable microhabitats. Habitat preservation and rehabilitation of affected microhabitats are essential. Microhabitats used by the southern brook lamprey during all life stages must have a certain water temperature, substrate composition, and water quality to ensure successful habitation and spawingn in these areas. References Ichthyomyzon Freshwater fish of the Southeastern United States Fish described in 1937