yet no content, come to the perception from within [cognition] in order to receive something from it. They have, therefore, nothing to which they can refer back, and the analogy [of the a priori schema] with the empirical [a posteriori] schema falls to the ground. According to Schopenhauer's psychological hypothesis, Kant "... aimed at finding for every empirical function of the faculty of knowledge an analogous a priori function ... ." Kant's tacit reasoning was similar to the following: "If pure intuition is the foundation of empirical intuition, then pure concepts are the foundation of empirical concepts." From this symmetrical analogy, Kant claimed that the human mind has a pure understanding, just as he had previously claimed that the mind has a pure sensibility. This pure understanding, according to Kant, consists of pure concepts or categories which allow the mind to discursively [verbally] think about the objects that are intuitively perceived as being arranged in time and space. Kant wrote that "To demonstrate the reality of our concepts, intuitions are required." Since empirical concepts are derived from perceptions, examples of the intuitive perceptions can be used to verify the concept. Kant asserted that pure concepts, or categories of the understanding, can also be verified by inspecting their intuitions or schemata. "If the concepts are empirical, the intuitions are called examples: if they are pure concepts of the understanding, the intuitions are called schemata." Schopenhauer described the use of examples in the following way: Notes References Kant, Immanuel, Critique of Pure Reason Kant, Immanuel, Critique of Judgment Kelly, Michael, Kant's Philosophy as Rectified by Schopenhauer Schopenhauer, Arthur, The World as Will and Representation, Vol. I, Appendix, "Criticism of the Kantian Philosophy", 1969, Dover, Criticism of Immanuel Kant Schopenhauer Criticisms