from the JASURAUS operators and APCN's owners. Proposed upgrades were further hampered due to the high cost charged by Telstra to third parties for the provision of IP transit and Leased line services from Port Hedland to Perth, which resulted in decreased demand from carriers as there was no alternative communications path out of Port Hedland. In the absence of upgrades beyond its initial bandwidth, JASURAUS saw minimal further use. Its remaining years were spent largely idle, with the cable retained as a backup link out of Australia and as an additional source of connectivity for AARNet. According to industry sources, JASURAUS was decommissioned in 2012. See also Other Australian international submarine cables (and year of first service): PacRimWest (1995) SEA-ME-WE 3 (2000, Australian portion in service earlier) Southern Cross Cable (2000) Australia–Japan Cable (2001) Telstra Endeavour (2008) Pipe Pacific Cable (2009) References External links Alcatel Lucent Information Page Big Pipes: Connecting Western Australia to the Global Knowledge Economy Cable Route and Additional Details Submarine communications cables in the Indian Ocean Australia–Indonesia relations 1997 establishments in Australia 1997 establishments in Indonesia 2012 disestablishments in Australia 2012 disestablishments in Indonesia