to local conditions including climate, culture and the economic power of the city in which it was situated. Urban bazaars were places for commercial, social and cultural interactions. Local bazaars, held in specific districts of larger cities, were similar to urban bazaars, but on a smaller scale with fewer shops. In pre-Islamic Arabia, markets took on two forms, permanent urban markets and temporary, seasonal markets often located in regional districts. Gradually, markets or bazaars gradually became central features of urban towns and were relocated to the city centre. Permanent markets are mentioned frequently in ancient literary sources. Iran Markets with historical or architectural significance include: Grand Bazaar, Tehran Bazaar of Kashan in Iran Bazaar of Isfahan in Iran - historic site which dates to Saljuqid and Safavid era and is the longest roofed market in the world. Bazaar of Tabriz in Iran - an historic site that originally developed along the ancient silk routes; listed as a World Heritage Site Vakil Bazaar in Shiraz, Iran Israel The Hebrew word for market is shuk (plural: ), and food markets are found in every major city. Famous markets include the Carmel Market in Tel Aviv and Mahane Yehuda Market in Jerusalem. Turkey Street markets are called pazar in Turkish and usually named after the name of the day since they are only installed at around 05:00 on that specific day and ended on same day around 18:00, in every week. Every district in Turkey has its own open market where people can choose and buy from a very wide range of products, from fresh fruits and vegetables to clothing, from traditional white cheese (which some people may consider feta-like) to household items. In Istanbul area Wednesday Pazar of Fatih district, Tuesday Pazar of Kadıköy and Friday Pazar of Ortaköy are the most famous and crowded open markets of the city. A market with shops or permanent stalls is called "çarşı" and may include covered streets that are closed at night. Famous examples include the Kapalıçarşı (Grand Bazaar) and Spice Bazaar in Istanbul. Europe Northern Europe Denmark Torvehallerne Market, Copenhagen - specializing in Nordic Foods Finland Market Square, Helsinki Market Square, Kuopio Market Square, Turku Tammelantori, Tampere Netherlands Markthal Market, Rotterdam Vismarkt, Groningen Latvia Riga Central Market Eastern Europe Romania Christmas market Russia Ukraine Besarabsky Market Pryvoz Market Seventh-Kilometer Market Central Europe Austria Naschmarkt, Vienna - a 16th-century market Czech Republic Hungary Central