to 3,016 in 1972. Also broken up as part of this investigation was the crew of American Mafia Luccese family mobster Vincent Papa, whose members included Anthony Loria Sr. and Virgil Alessi. The well-organized gang was responsible for distributing close to a million dollars worth of heroin up and down the East Coast of the United States during the early 1970s, which in turn led to a major New York Police Department (NYPD) corruption scheme. The scope and depth of this scheme are still not known, but officials suspect it involved corrupt NYPD officers who allowed Papa, Alessi, and Loria access to the NYPD property/evidence storage room, where hundreds of kilograms of heroin lay seized from the now-infamous French Connection bust, and from which the men would help themselves and replace missing heroin with flour and corn starch to avoid detection. The substitution was discovered only when officers noticed insects eating all the bags of "heroin". By that point an estimated street value of approximately $70 million worth of heroin had already been taken. The racket was brought to light and arrests were made. Certain plotters received jail sentences, including Papa, who was later murdered in federal prison in Atlanta, Georgia. Ultimately, the Guérini clan was exterminated during internecine wars within the French underworld. In 1971, Marcel Francisci was accused by the U.S. Bureau of Narcotics of being involved in the trafficking of heroin between Marseilles and New York City. On 16 January 1982, Marcel Francisci was shot to death as he was entering his car in the parking lot of the building where he lived in Paris, France. List of related gangsters Unione Corse members Paul Carbone Marcel Francisci Antoine Guérini Barthélemy Guérini Paul Mondoloni Joseph Corsini Francois Spirito Italian-Canadian mobsters Johnny Papalia, Hamilton, Ontario Vito Agueci, Hamilton Alberto Agueci, Hamilton Vic Cotroni, leader of the Cotroni crime family of Montreal and capo/boss of the Montreal faction of the Bonanno crime family Italian-American mobsters Ignacio Antinori, Tampa, Florida gangster that founded Trafficante crime family Frank Caruso Lucky Luciano, Five Families gangster that founded Genovese crime family Vinnie Mauro Frank Ragano, Tampa, Florida attorney supporting Trafficante crime family Joseph "Hoboken Joe" Stassi (AKA "Joe Rogers"), independent but well-placed in organized crime Bonanno crime family members Joseph Bonanno, Bonanno crime family boss Carmine Galante Gambino crime family members Joseph Armone Lucchese crime family members Giovanni "Big John" Ormento, a capo involved