in Scarborough, Ontario, as well as using the facilities of the University of Toronto to analyze their findings and do research. The Urquharts identified several distinct migration routes but were baffled why the trail seemed to disappear in Texas in the late fall, only to reappear in the spring. They sought help in Mexico and recruited a pair of naturalists to search for the butterflies. On January 9, 1975, Kenneth C. Brugger and his wife Catalina Trail (then known as Cathy Aguado) finally located the first known wintering refuge for the butterflies on a mountaintop in Michoacán, Mexico, more than 4,000 kilometers from the starting point of their migration. In 1976, the Urquharts traveled to Mexico to view the long-sought wintering site for themselves. His article "Discovered: The Monarch's Mexican Haven" was published in National Geographic magazine in August 1976, and featured a cover photograph of Trail covered with butterflies. A dozen such sites are now known in Mexico; they are protected as ecological preserves by the Mexican government. The area is now a World Heritage Site known as the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve. Current conservation efforts are aimed at protecting monarchs in their breeding areas in the US and Canada. Among other discoveries, the Urquharts learned that the butterflies only travel in daylight and can fly up to in a day. The trip north spans several generations of monarchs, while a much-longer-lived "super generation" flies from the northern reaches of the butterfly's range all the way to Mexico, overwinters there, and breeds in the spring to start the next generation flying north. Professional affiliations Urquhart helped found the Federation of Ontario Naturalists in the 1940s. The Unquharts also founded the Insect Migration Association, today known as Monarch Watch. Recognition On May 6, 1998, Fred and Norah Urquhart were presented with Canada's highest civilian award, the Order of Canada. Fred and Norah Urquhart received the W.W.H. Gunn award presented by the Federation of Ontario Naturalists. He was a fellow of the Royal Entomological Society. The Urquhart Butterfly Garden in Dundas, Ontario is a 3-acre park designed to attract butterflies. Named after Fred and Norah and created in 1994, it was the first municipal butterfly garden in Canada. An IMAX film, Flight of the Butterflies, tells the story of the long search by the Urquharts, Brugger, and Trail to unlock the secret of the butterflies' migration. Personal life Fred Urquhart died