Events from the year 1645 in England. This is the fourth year of the First English Civil War, fought between Roundheads (Parliamentarians) and Cavaliers (Royalist supporters of King Charles I). Incumbents Monarch – Charles I Parliaments – Revolutionary Long, Oxford of 1644 (until 10 March) Events 3 January – the Long Parliament adopts A Directory for the Publique Worship of God throughout the Three Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Together with an Ordinance of Parliament for the taking away of the Book of Common-Prayer, and for Establishing and Observing of this Present Directory throughout the Kingdom of England and the Dominion of Wales, drawn up by a parliamentary subcommittee appointed by it, replacing the Book of Common Prayer. Holy Days (other than Sundays) are not to be observed. 10 January – Archbishop of Canterbury William Laud executed for treason on Tower Hill, London. 14 January – English Civil War: Fairfax appointed Commander-in-Chief. 29 January–22 February – English Civil War: Treaty of Uxbridge, armistice talks at Uxbridge, which prove fruitless. 15 February – English Civil War: New Model Army officially founded. 4 March – English Civil War: Prince Rupert leaves Oxford for Bristol. 3 April – the House of Lords passes the Self-denying ordinance, requiring members of the Parliament of England to resign commissions in the armed services. 1 June – English Civil War: Prince Rupert's army sacks Leicester. 10 June – English Civil War: Cromwell confirmed as Lieutenant-General of Cavalry. 14 June – English Civil War: Battle of Naseby – 12,000 Royalist forces are beaten by 15,000 Parliamentarian soldiers. 28 June – English Civil War – Royalists lose Carlisle. 10 July – English Civil War: Cromwell wins the Battle of Langport, Somerset. 27 August – eighteen suspected witches hanged following the Bury St. Edmunds witch trial. 10 September – English Civil War: Prince Rupert surrenders Bristol. 24 September – English Civil War: Parliamentarians defeat Royalist cavalry at the Battle of Rowton Heath. 8–14 October – English Civil War: Third siege of Basing House by Cromwell results in its destruction. 11 October – English Civil War: Re-fortification of Bourne Castle in Lincolnshire against a threatened Royalist attack begins. 25 December – Christmas, being omitted from the Directory of Public Worship is not officially observed under Parliamentarian rule. Births 15 June – Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin, politician (died 1712) John Ayloffe, political radical (executed 1685) Daniel Burgess, divine (died