the moonlight jewel (Hypochrysops delicia), imperial hairstreak (Jalmenus evagoras), amethyst hairstreak (Jalmenus icilius), Adult imperial hairstreak also visit the plant. The wood serves as food for larvae of the jewel beetle species Melobasis nitidiventris, Agrilus hypoleucus and A. australasiae. Older trees that are infested by borers in turn attract the insectivorous yellow-tailed black cockatoo. A. parramattensis is a host species for the mistletoe species Amyema cambagei and A. pendula. Cultural significance In the Dharawal story of the Boo’kerrikin Sisters, one of the kindly sisters was turned into Acacia parramattensis. The other two sisters were turned into Acacia decurrens and Acacia parvipinnula. Cultivation Acacia parramattensis is not commonly seen in cultivation though is grown locally in Sydney and the Blue Mountains. Fast growing and adaptable, it grows high over five years. It can provide shade in the garden, though is vulnerable to being infested by borers. It is propagated by seed. Fieldwork conducted in the Southern Highlands found that the presence of bipinnate wattles (either as understory or tree) was related to reduced numbers of noisy miners, an aggressive species of bird that drives off small birds from gardens and bushland, and hence recommended the use of these plants in establishing green corridors and revegetation projects. References External links parramattensis Flora of New South Wales