The Kearl Oil Sands Project is an oil sands mine in the Athabasca Oil Sands region at the Kearl Lake area, about north of Fort McMurray in Alberta, Canada. The project is being developed in three phases with the first phase completed mid-2013. Project description The development is an open-pit mining operation, which will be developed in three stages. At the first stage it will produce approximately , with later expansions to more than . It uses a froth treatment technology producing blended bitumen which will be transported to the Edmonton area by Enbridge's pipeline system. Diluent would be provided from Edmonton through the Inter Pipeline owned long diameter pipeline supplying the Athabasca Oil Sands Project. The Kearl oil sands facilities would be connected with this pipeline by a long new branch. At the first stage the development would involve capital spending of about billion, with the final estimate being highly dependent on the final upgrading option selected. An engineering, procurement, and construction management contract for the first phase was awarded to AMEC while Fluor Corp. is responsible for the development of infrastructure and facilities. When ExxonMobil proposed the Kearl project in 1997, estimated recoverable bitumen resources were 1.2 to . Later revisions place the actual established reserves at over (Energy Resources Conservation Board 2010). The development is located on the following oil-sands leases: Leases 6 and 87, in which Imperial holds 100 percent of the mining rights. Areas deemed suitable for surface mining are primarily in the western part of Lease 6 and the northwestern part of Lease 87 (Imperial Oil, ExxonMobil 2009–07). Lease 36 and 31A, in which ExxonMobil Canada holds 100% of the mining rights. Ownership Imperial Oil Resources owns 70% of the project and ExxonMobil Canada Ltd. owns 30%. Regulatory agencies Energy Resources Conservation Board Criticism Sierra Legal launched legal action in Canadian federal courts to overturn the Department of Fisheries and Oceans regulatory approval (Ecojustice Canada 2007-03-30). They said that the joint federal-Alberta regulatory panel "failed to do its job" when it gave conditional approval to the $7 billion Kearl open-pit mine. They argued that a full environmental review must take place before the federal government decides whether the project should proceed. After a joint federal-provincial panel reviewed and upheld the original decision, a key water permit was reinstated, pending approval from Imperial's board of directors. Delayed again in response to the 2008 fall in