the surrender of Bahadur Shah II, the last Mughal emperor. 24 October – Sheffield F.C., the world's first football team, is founded in Sheffield. November – Kilburn White Horse cut in North Yorkshire. 29 November – Orsini affair: Piedmontese revolutionary Felice Orsini leaves exile in London to make an assassination attempt on Emperor Napoleon III of France in Paris. 31 December – Queen Victoria chooses Ottawa as the capital of Canada. Undated First official issue of uniforms of the Royal Navy to naval ratings. Tom Gallaher sets up the Gallaher tobacco business in Ireland. Publications R. M. Ballantyne's novel The Coral Island. George Borrow's novel The Romany Rye. Charlotte Brontë's novel The Professor (posthumously, as by 'Currer Bell'). Charles Dickens's novel Little Dorrit (complete in book form). Elizabeth Gaskell's biography The Life of Charlotte Brontë. P. H. Gosse's creationist text Omphalos. Thomas Hughes' novel Tom Brown's Schooldays. George A. Lawrence's novel Guy Livingstone, or Thorough (anonymously). John Ruskin's introductory text The Elements of Drawing. William Makepeace Thackeray's historical novel The Virginians (begins serialisation). Anthony Trollope's novel Barchester Towers. Births 18 January – William Lethaby, Arts and Crafts architect and designer (died 1931) 25 January – Hugh Lowther, 5th Earl of Lonsdale, sportsman (died 1944) 31 January – George Jackson Churchward, chief mechanical engineer of the Great Western Railway (died 1933) 2 February – Sir James Cory, 1st Baronet, politician and ship-owner (died 1933) 22 February – Robert Baden-Powell, founder of the Scouting movement (died 1941) 13 March – Herbert Plumer, 1st Viscount Plumer, general (died 1932) 14 March – Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair, patron and promoter of women's interests (died 1939) 27 March – Karl Pearson, statistician (died 1936) 8 April – Lucy, Lady Houston, born Fanny Lucy Radmall, political activist, suffragette, philanthropist and promoter of aviation (died 1936) 11 April – John Davidson, Scottish-born poet and playwright (suicide 1909) 14 April Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom, member of the royal family (died 1944) Victor Horsley, physician, surgeon (died 1916) 13 May – Ronald Ross, physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (died 1932) 15 May – Williamina Fleming, astronomer (died 1911) 28 May – Charles Voysey, Arts and Crafts designer and domestic architect (died 1941) 2 June – Edward Elgar, composer (died 1934) 12 June – Kate Lester, stage and silent screen actress (died 1924) 15 June – William Fife, Scottish yacht