agreed to respect the alliances of the other. Significance and aftermath The middle years of the First Peloponnesian War marked the peak of Athenian power. Holding Boeotia and Megara on land and dominating the sea with its fleet, the city had stood utterly secure from attack. The events of 447 BC and 446 BC, however, destroyed this position, and although not all Athenians gave up their dreams of unipolar control of the Greek world, the peace treaty that ended the war laid out the framework for a bipolar Greece. In return for abandoning her continental territories, Athens received recognition of her alliance by Sparta. The peace concluded in 445 BC, however, would last for less than half of its intended 30 years. In 431 BC, Athens and Sparta would go to war once again in the (second) Peloponnesian War, with decidedly more conclusive results. Notes References Primary sources Diodorus Siculus, LibraryPlutarch, translated by Bernadotte Perrin, (1914). Lives:Cimon. London: Harvard University Press. . Polybius, translated by Frank W. Walbank, (1979). The Rise of the Roman Empire. New York: Penguin Classics. . Secondary source Kagan, Donald. The Outbreak of the Peloponnesian War (Cornell, 1969). de Ste. Croix, G.E.M., The Origins of the Peloponnesian War'', (Duckworth and Co., 1972) 460s BC conflicts 450s BC conflicts 440s BC conflicts Wars involving ancient Greece Wars involving Athens Wars involving Sparta