Carl Friedrich Schmidt (, Fyodor Bogdanovich Schmidt; also known as Friedrich Schmidt; in Kaisma, Livonia – in Saint Petersburg) was a Baltic German geologist and botanist in the Russian Empire. He is acknowledged as the founder of Estonian geology. In the mid-19th century, he researched Estonian oil shale, kukersite, and named it as kuckers. Main papers of Friedrich Schmidt research the stratigraphy and fauna of Lower Palaeozoic rocks in Estonia and the neighboring areas. In 1885 he became academician of St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. He won the Wollaston Medal, awarded by the Geological Society of London, in 1902. Friedrich Schmidt was the first European to "discover" the Sakhalin Fir on the Russian island of Sakhalin in 1866, but he did not introduce it to Europe. The Schmidt Peninsula (Sakhalin) was named after him. Notes 1832 births 1908 deaths People from Põhja-Pärnumaa Parish People from the Governorate of Livonia Baltic-German people Russian geologists Estonian geologists Biologists from the Russian Empire 19th-century Estonian botanists Full members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences Wollaston Medal winners Oil shale researchers