not part of the basic price of the product, sales tax would not apply to it. Accordingly, when the State of California raised the CRV from $0.04 on 2 L bottles and $0.02 on cans to $0.08 and $0.04, respectively, then again to $0.10 and $0.05, respectively, it was also raising California's sales tax revenue gained on the imposed fee. Types of beverages CRV is paid on the following types of beverages: Carbonated and noncarbonated water Carbonated and noncarbonated soft drinks, energy drinks, and sport drinks Coffee and tea drinks Beer and other malt beverages Wine (after January 1, 2024) Distilled spirits (after January 1, 2024) Distilled Spirits Coolers 100% fruit juice in containers smaller than . CRV is not paid on the following: Milk, white or flavored Medical food Infant formula Wine (through December 31, 2023) Distilled spirits (through December 31, 2023) 100% fruit juice in containers or more 100% vegetable juice in containers more than Products not in liquid or "ready to drink" form Products not intended for human consumption Containers not made of glass, metal, or plastic Recycling centers In August 2019, California's largest recycling redemption and processing centers operator, RePlanet, announced closing all 284 of its remaining centers, ceasing operations, terminating 750 employees, and beginning the process of liquidating assets to pay creditors, because of continued reduction in State fees, the depressed pricing of recycled aluminum and PET plastic, minimum wage increases, and the rise in operating costs. In February 2016, RePlanet had closed 191 recycling centers and terminated nearly 300 employees in smaller communities across California, due to the same causes. Issues with implementation Fresno State had trash bins along with dedicated beverage containers recycling receptacles. Despite their best effort to secure them against theft including keeping them under lock and key, they were forced to remove the beverage receptacles as for "vagrants would break the locks and steal the contents", according to Fresno State's manager for office of environmental health safety, risk management and sustainability. Declining value of materials from recyclable containers The falling market value of materials that redeemable containers are made of such as metal, plastic or glass has led to a decrease in the viability of many local recycling centers. CalRecycle, the agency that oversees the CRV program, reported in 2016 that recycling rates had declined below their goal of 80%. It is estimated that around 1.7 million containers were not