to be influential in New Zealand legal policy. In 1987 he co-founded Ngā Kaiwhakamarama i Ngā Ture (the Māori Legal Service) and as of 2021 was a director of the organisation. In 1989 he began preparing a claim to the Waitangi Tribunal supporting Māori rights over native plants and animals. The claim was unique as being made on behalf of all Māori rather than individual iwi. The claim was lodged in 1991 and in its 2011 report the Tribunal concluded that conservation should be co-managed by a partnership between Māori and the Crown. His overseas work included leading the Indigenous Peoples caucus of the working group that drafted the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. In 1993 he was a judge on the International Tribunal of Indigenous Rights in Hawaii and again in 1995 in Canada. During the Bougainville peace process Jackson was counsel for the Bougainville Interim Government. Jackson was a vocal critic of the New Zealand government's foreshore and seabed legislation in 2004. He was also a vocal critic of the October 2007 police 'terror' raids. He resigned as patron of the Police Recruit Wing 244 due to his opposition to how the raids were conducted and his view that they were racially motivated, for example by treating the predominantly Māori community of Ruatoki more harshly than the predominantly Pākehā (New Zealand European) suburb of Brooklyn, Wellington. In 2009 at Omahu Marae in Hastings he said: "Those who take power unjustly defend it with injustice." In 2016 he led the Matike Mai Aotearoa working group on constitutional reform in New Zealand. The group's report was published on Waitangi Day in 2016, and made a number of recommendations for constitutional change. One recommendation of the report was to develop the ability of Māori to make decisions for Māori, which led to a Māori Constitutional Convention being held in February 2021, at which Jackson gave the keynote speech. Jackson lectured at Te Wānanga o Raukawa in Ōtaki on the Ahunga Tīkanga (Māori Laws and Philosophy) degree programme. In 1995 he was appointed a visiting fellow in the faculty of law at Victoria University of Wellington. In the early 2010s he chaired a board appointed by the Minister of Education to ensure the survival of Te Aute College, a school with a strong Māori character which was experiencing financial difficulties. Views on criminal justice Jackson challenged the role