Substitute Wife and Substitute Husband (both 1936). Hulda of Juurakko (1937) was far more serious attempt in the same field: a socially conscious story about a country girl who arrives to the big city, and who inevitably faces the problems of inequality between sexes. The film and its subject were greeted with huge enthusiasm by the audiences. Vaala was also a master within the rural subjects and romantic melodramas. In 1938 he made the first and best film in the series of agrarian family saga of Niskavuori (Women of Niskavuori). SF After his early death in 1935, Karu was replaced by Toivo Särkkä in the head of the company. Särkkä led SF until its bankruptcy in 1965. Särkkä was the most prolific producer and director that Finnish film has ever seen: he has way over 200 feature productions in his filmography, of which he directed 51. With Yrjö Norta, he directed most of the company's films in the 1930s, including religious drama As Dream and Shadow... (1937) and patriotic historical film Manifest in February (1939). Särkkä's and Norta's output includes some highly popular folk comedies like Lapatossu (1937) – with beloved comedy actor Aku Korhonen – ,The Regiment's Trouble Boy (1938), the model of Finnish military farce genre, and The SF Parade (1940), the first proper Finnish musical comedy. Many Finnish films of the 1940s and 1950s – especially during Särkkä's era – were largely characterized by certain plot structures and themes, such as glorification related to the countrysides, emphasizing virtuous morality, and the superficiality of film's dialogue. Also, the so-called "", a comedic song or couplet types films, began to become more widespread, including the Pekka Puupää films starring Esa Pakarinen and Masa Niemi. The "Rillumarei films", full of the pride of workers' and carefree guys, were loved by the audience, although they were very hated by critics. Other companies Along with Suomi-Filmi and SF, few minor companies were able to produce many films during the golden age. With Valentin Vaala's films, these sort of local "poverty row" productions are the most fascinating films made during the 1930s. The New Wave from 1960 to 1980 A new generation of film-makers were eager to take over as the old production companies, such as Suomi-Filmi and SF, were collapsing. Risto Jarva was inspired by the French avant-garde and new wave, which developed to social realism seen in Työmiehen päiväkirja (1967), and