countries. Due to differences in nature conservation traditions, national problems have arisen in the implementation of the directive. Since member states in the south and east of Europe participated less in nature policies, these states experienced problems with the EU provisions. In Germany, Austria, Italy and Belgium, the observation of conflicts between various government layers have caused prolonged delays in the management of nature policies. On the other hand, in member states such as the United Kingdom and Sweden, positive outcomes have developed due to stakeholder involvement, pro-active authorities, agencies responsible for implementation and public participation. According to one 2014 report there are increasing incompatibilities with the Natura 2000 policy on economic development. Annex I Annex I lists the specific habitats which have been designated as the a Special Area of Conservation, to which a common EU-wide legislation applies. Certain habitats among those are furthermore designated as "priority habitat types". Habitats in the EU are given codes. An area or habitat can combine two habitats, and be designated as for example code 35.2 × 64.1 - Open grassland with Corynephorus and Agrostis (35.2), in combination with continental dunes (64.1). Example Annex I habitats are: Open sea and tidal areas Sea cliffs and shingle or stony beaches Atlantic and continental salt marshes and salt meadows Mediterranean and thermo-Atlantic salt marshes and salt meadows Salt and gypsum continental steppes Dunes Sea dunes of the Mediterranean coast Continental dunes, old and decalcified Standing and running freshwater Sections of water courses with natural or semi-natural dynamics (minor, average and major beds) where the water quality shows no significant deterioration Matorral Mediterranean arborescent matorral Thermo-Mediterranean and pre-steppe brush Phrygana Grasslands Natural grasslands Semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies Sclerophyllous grazed forests (dehesas) Semi-natural tall-herb humid meadows Mesophile grasslands Bogs, mires and fens Sphagnum acid bogs Calcareous fens Rocky areas and caves Scree, chasmophytic vegetation on rocky slopes Other rocky habitats Forests - Only (sub-)natural Forests of temperate Europe Mediterranean deciduous forests Mediterranean sclerophyllous forests Alpine and subalpine coniferous forests Mediterranean mountainous coniferous forests The full list of habitats is distributed over 9 main categories. Annex II Annex II lists species which determine if an area is a Special Area of Conservation. These include: Animals Mammals Pyrenean desman (Galemys pyrenaicus) Bats: Rhinolophus blasii, R. euryale, R. ferrumequinum, R. hipposideros, R. mehelyi, Barbastella barbastellus, Miniopterus schreibersi, Myotis bechsteini, M. blythi, M. capaccinii, M. dasycneme, M. emarginatus, M.