of his writing. His early works appear to have been written for "a scholarly rather than public audience" due to their literary complexity. In his later work, however, starting with the poetry of Black and Secret Man (1964), Mandel simplifies the syntax and uses more colloquial language. While the thoughtful view remained as it was in his earlier work, a wittier tone replaced the previously somber one. He was also a critic and editor, producing a monograph on his fellow-poet Irving Layton, and an anthology, Poetry62/Poésie62(1962), which he co-edited with Jean-Guy Pilon. Additionally, he championed many otherwise unnoticed newcomers of the 1950s such as Al Purdy, Milton Acorn, D. G. Jones and Alden Nowlan. Critical Reception Eli Mandel's book, The Family Romance (1986), has been characterized by his quotations from essays on Hugh MacLennan and Northrop Frye’s The Great Code. Both excerpts exemplify Mandel’s questioning of whatever is viewed as orthodoxy. He refuses to let pass what most people simply accept. In this essay collection, it has been recognized that the first piece, Auschwitz and Poetry, is the most powerful and significant and the last of this series of essays, The Border League: American ‘West’ and Canadian ‘Region’, seems to be the least successful. The compilation of Mandel’s work, The Other Harmony: the Collected Poetry of Eli Mandel, is a two volume collection, with the first including Mandel’s contributions to Trio, as well has his books Fuseli Poems, An Idiot Joy, Stony Plain, and others. It has been acknowledged as the more noteworthy of the two volumes in terms of its primary material. Eli Mandel's literary papers are held by the University of Manitoba Archives and Special Collections. Recognition Mandel won the 1968 Governor General's Award for An Idiot Joy. In 1982 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. In 1989 he was made an honorary Doctor of Letters by York University. Publications Poetry 1954: Trio: First Poems by Gael Turnbull, Phyllis Webb, and Eli Mandel. Toronto: Contact Press, 1954. 1960: Fuseli Poems Black and Secret Man. (Toronto: Ryerson, 1964) 1967: An Idiot Joy (Hurtig) Crusoe: Poems Selected and New (Toronto: Anansi, 1973) 1973: Stony Plain (Porcepic) 1977: Out Of Place (Porcepic) 1981: Life Sentence: Poems and Journals: 1976-1980 2000: The Other Harmony: The Collected Poetry of Eli Mandel, compilation (Canadian Plains Research Centre) Criticism 1966: Criticism: The Silent-Speaking Words, Eight Talks for CBC Radio (CBC