has a coolant system and vacuum pump to keep the material cold. This cart holds the frozen target at the of a "cold finger" which is then raised on an elevator and positioned at the center of the chamber. When the metal shroud is removed, the cryogenic target is exposed to room temperatures and starts to sublimate immediately into gas. This means that laser pulses must coordinate directly with the exposure of the target and everything has to happen quickly to keep the target from melting. See also Nuclear fusion Fusion power Inertial electrostatic confinement Inertial confinement fusion Laser inertial confinement Megajoule laser National Ignition Facility Z-pinch inertial confinement Z Pulsed Power Facility Project PACER List of plasma physics articles Notes and references Further reading (Université Bordeaux I, November 2005) Tutorial on Heavy-Ion Fusion Energy(Virtual National Laboratory for Heavy-Ion Fusion) (November 2003) (Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory Committee, March 2004) (June 2005) Views on neutronics and activation issues facing liquid-protected IFE chambers IEEE-USA Position : Fusion Energy Research & Development(June 2006) Inertial confinement fusion Energy development Nuclear technology Nuclear power stations Osaka University research