Book of Roads and Kingdoms (or …Highways and Kingdoms/Routes and Kingdoms/Routes and Countries/Routes and Realms; , Kitāb al-Masālik wa'l-Mamālik) is the name given to several medieval Arabic language texts dealing with geography: — genre of medieval Arabic geographical literature. Book of Roads and Kingdoms, written in the 9th century by Ibn Khordadbeh. , written in the early 10th century by Istakhri. Book of Roads and Kingdoms, written in the mid 11th century by al-Bakri in Spain. , written in the 10th century by Ibn Hawqal. , written in the 10th century by . Book of Roads and Kingdoms, written in the 10th century by Muhammad ibn Yūsuf al-Warrāq. Book of Roads and Kingdoms, written in the 9th century by Ahmad ibn al-Harith al-Kharraz (al-Khazzaz). Book of Roads and Kingdoms, written in the 10th century by Abu Abdallah Jayhani.