Book of Snakes: How to Recognize and Understand Them. A volume of the Humanizing Science Series, edited by Jacques Cattell. New York: Ronald Press. viii + 185 pp. ("The Ground Snake", pp. 73–74, 180). Powell R, Conant R, Collins JT (2016). Peterson Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, Fourth Edition. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. xiv + 494 pp., 47 plates, 207 figures. . (Virginia valeriae, pp. 412-413 + Plate 44). Richmond ND (1954). "The ground snake Haldea valeriae in Pennsylvania and West Virginia with description of new subspecies". Annals of Carnegie Museum 33 (15): 251-260. (Haldea valeriae pulchra, new subspecies). Stejneger L, Barbour T (1917). A Check List of North American Amphibians and Reptiles. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. 125 pp. (Virginia valeriae, p. 99). External links Smooth Earth Snake, Reptiles and Amphibians of Iowa. Smooth Earth Snake, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory. Natricinae Fauna of the Eastern United States Extant Pleistocene first appearances Reptiles described in 1853 Taxa named by Spencer Fullerton Baird Taxa named by Charles Frédéric Girard Reptiles of the United States