Prodidominae is a family of spider, sometimes called long-spinneret ground spiders. It was formerly regarded as a subfamily of Gnaphosidae, but was raised to a family in 2022. Spiders in the family are easily identified by the greatly elongated base of the piriform gland spigots. At least parts of their body are covered with shiny scales or setae. The posterior median eyes are flat and silvery, with a triangular, egg-shaped or irregularly rectangular shape. Biology Spiders in the Prodidominae are ground dwellers. Most species are nocturnal and hide during the day in litter, but Myandra species, which are probably mimicking ants, seem to be active during the day. The genus Zimiris is synanthropic and thus found throughout the tropics. Distribution Although Theuma walteri was described from Turkmenistan by Eugène Simon, it is suspected that Simon accidentally exchanged its locality with that of Anagraphis pallens (Gnaphosidae); then T. walteri would have been collected in the Cape of Good Hope, while A. pallens is from Turkmenistan. Genera Genera included: Anagrina Berland, 1920 — Africa Austrodomus Lawrence, 1947 — South Africa Brasilomma Brescovit, Ferreira & Rheims, 2012 Caudalia Alayón, 1980 — Cuba Chileomma Platnick, Shadab & Sorkin, 2005 — Chile Chileuma Platnick, Shadab & Sorkin, 2005 — Chile Chilongius Platnick, Shadab & Sorkin, 2005 — Chile Cryptoerithus Rainbow, 1915 — Australia Eleleis Simon, 1893 — South Africa Encoptarthria Main, 1954 — Australia Indiani Rodrigues, Cizauskas & Lemos, 2020 — Brazil Katumbea Cooke, 1964 — Tanzania Lygromma Simon, 1893 — Costa Rica to Brazil, Galapagos Lygrommatoides Strand, 1918 — Japan Moreno Mello-Leitão, 1940 — Chile, Argentina Myandra Simon, 1887 — Australia Namundra Platnick & Bird, 2007 — Africa Neozimiris Simon, 1903 — USA, Mexico, Panama, Galapagos, Bahamas Nomindra Platnick & Baehr, 2006 — Australia Nopyllus Ott, 2014 — Brazil Oltacloea Mello-Leitão, 1940 — Brazil, Argentina Paracymbiomma Rodrigues, Cizauskas & Rheims, 2018 Plutonodomus Cooke, 1964 — Tanzania Prodida Dalmas, 1919 — Philippines, Seychelles Prodidomus Hentz, 1847 — Mediterranean, Africa, Australia, Asia, Venezuela, Hawaii Purcelliana Cooke, 1964 — South Africa Theuma Simon, 1893 — Africa, Turkmenistan? Theumella Strand, 1906 — Ethiopia Tivodrassus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 — Mexico Tricongius Simon, 1892 — South America Zimirina Dalmas, 1919 — Spain, Algeria, Canary Islands, South Africa Zimiris Simon, 1882 — Circumtropical A 2020 phylogenetic analysis involving 59 species of Prodidominae and 32 outgroup species did not recover Propidominae as monophyletic because Anagrina did not arise within the subfamily.