Mark. There are now Fairtrade Certification Marks on dozens of different products, based on FLO’s certification for coffee, tea, rice, bananas, mangoes, cocoa, cotton, sugar, honey, fruit juices, nuts, fresh fruit, quinoa, herbs and spices, wine and footballs etc. Criticism According to the economist Bruce Wydick with the median coffee drinker willing to pay a premium of 50 cents for a cup of fair-trade coffee even in the best-case scenario for fair trade, when world prices are at their lowest, the maximum amount a fair-trade grower from that same cup of coffee would receive is only one third of a cent Wydick lists his points against the alleged benefits of fair trade: The flawed design of the system undermines its own benefits: zero benefits in the long run. For certification Fair trade imposes significant costs on impoverished growers Fair trade attracts bad beans by making growers dump their bad beans into fair-trade channels. Costs to growers imposed by restrictions on fertilizers and other inputs diminish yields. Fair trade doesn’t help the poorest growers. Relatively little fair-trade coffee originates from the poorest countries. Purported social investments of the fair-trade system lack transparency. The fair-trade system is inefficient at transferring coffee consumers’ goodwill to producers. Direct trade is probably more efficient and sustainable than fair trade. Artificially stimulating more coffee production keeps coffee growers poor, because overproduction makes the prices fall on the world markets. Fair-trade coffee fails to address the root of poverty issues which aren't payment of producers but social, political and educational conditions. Among the 16 best methods to fight poverty fair trade was the second but last with regard to cost efficiency. According to Colleen Haight from San Jose State University is in the fact that Fairtrade doesn't buy the complete production of a producer, making him sell his better products on the free market and passing on his lower quality goods to the fairtrade channel. References External links Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International Certification marks Fair trade Consumer symbols de:Fair-Trade-Siegel it:Marchio di certificazione internazione di commercio equo e solidale zh:國際公平貿易認證標章