The cartographic Renaissance of the sixteenth century in Europe was based on a rapid increase in geographical knowledge sourced from exploration and discovery, and the European map of the world "had literally doubled in size within just over a century." Especially in the important trading centers of Rome and Venice, many individual maps were printed in Italy from about 1544. Each publisher worked independently, producing maps based upon his own customers' needs. These maps often varied greatly in size. Over time, it became common to bind maps together into composite works. Although the word "atlas" was not in use for these composite works until 1570, they now are termed "IATO [Italian, Assembled To Order] atlases" or, more frequently, "Lafreri atlases" (one of the leading publishers of the period, Antonio Lafreri is thought to have been the first to add an engraved title page to a collection of maps – around 1570 or 1572 about the same time as the Theatrum Orbis Terrarum was published in Antwerp. Each of the atlases was put together from a list of many different available maps, chosen to satisfy the needs or request of the individual customer; so few if any atlases are identical. About sixty or seventy of these atlases survive today, most held in institutions. The atlases are very important in the history of cartography, for many sixteenth-century Italian maps survive only in these atlases. Collectors of antique maps value Lafreri atlases highly for their lovely engraving style and because of their rarity. Cartographers of the Lafréri atlases The most notable cartographers involved in publication of the Lafreri maps and atlases include: Giacomo Gastaldi – based in Venice; the most important Italian mapmaker of his time Battista Agnese – Genoa Antonio Lafreri (or Antoine du Pérac Lafréry 1512–77) – Rome; publisher of some of the composite atlases Antonio Salamanca – Lafreri's partner Giovani Francesco Camocio – Venice Donato Bertelli – Venice Ferando Bertelli – Venice Paolo Forlani – Venice See also Atlas (geography) References External links http://www.mapforum.com/01/lafreri.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20060516014346/http://www.mostlymaps.com/reference/Map-Makers/lafreri-school.php Speculum Romanae Magnificentiae at the University of Chicago World Digital Library presentation of Antoine du Pérac Lafréry's Geografia Tavole Moderne di Geografia or Modern Geographic Table of Geography. Library of Congress. Primary source map of the Great Siege of Malta, published in Rome, 1565. 1570 books Atlases