developments The devotional axes of the French school were exaltation of Christ by the faithful and the movement of the will to make oneself Christ's humble servant. meditation and imitation of the sentiments found in scripture of Christ and of Mary Adoration of the Blessed Sacrament Devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus and the Immaculate Heart of Mary through chaplets (particular rosary-type prayers) and litanies. Important figures in the movement Cardinal Pierre de Bérulle (1575–1629), founder of the Oratory of Jesus in 1611 Charles de Condren (1588–1641), successor of Bérulle as Superior General of the Oratory Henri Boudon Jean-Jacques Olier, (1608–1657), founded the Society of St. Sulpice, in 1642, to train and form future priests Jeanne Chezard de Matel (1596–1670), foundress of the Sisters of the Incarnate Word in Avignon, France, in December, 1639. St. Louis de Montfort Baron de Renty Madame Acarie Jérôme le Royer de la Dauversière Religious communities founded in the French school tradition Congregation of Holy Cross Oratory of Jesus Assumptionists Society of the Priests of Saint Sulpice Fathers of Mercy (originally: Missionaries of France) Society of Mary References Further reading Deville, Raymond. and Cunningham, Agnes. The French School of Spirituality: An Introduction and Reader. Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1994. Project MUSE. Web. 17 Aug. 2015 Counter-Reformation Catholic Church in France Christian mysticism