nuclear power plant was operationalized with nation's energy system and was inaugurated with Prime Minister Imran Khan. K3 The K3 is a first planned as an ACP-1000 nuclear reactor supplied by the China National Nuclear Corporation whose construction was commenced on 31 May 2016, being constructed alongside KANUPP-2 and the first steam engine was installed on 28 August 2018. On January 1, 2022, the fuel loading started on; and the nuclear power reactor was connected to the national grid system on March 4, 2022. Energy management Electricity grid connections The National Engineering Services (NES) provides consultancy on energy management of the nuclear power plant and manages the electricity power transmission operations by replacing the aging transformers, three-phase electric powerlines, circuit breakers, and protective relay of the 132 kV double circuit transmission line that links the nuclear power plant to the K-Electric. The NES often works closely with the Institute of Power Engineering of the Karachi University to devise discriminative protection scheme and its integration into the nuclear power plants grid system. In 2010, the NES and Institute of Power Engineering engaged in replacing the electromechanical power relays with the SF6 circuit breakers and modern numerical line protection devices. Energy capacity and corporate management The Karachi Nuclear Power Plant was designed to produce gross energy at 137 MWe with the corresponding net output is 125 MWe. From 1972 to 1979, the nuclear power plant operated with relatively high availability capacity factors up to 70%– it provided the electricity and energy to the whole city of Karachi. Between 1972 and 1992, the nuclear power plant generated the energy about 7.9 billion units of electricity with an average lifetime availability capacity factor of 55.9%. In 1994, the nuclear power plant was exceptionally operated at 85.81% of capacity factor– the highest since its establishment. In 2002–04, the nuclear power plant was shut down due to maintenance issues, and is now kept at 55.55% capacity factor, nominally producing 90 MW of energy generation. With the completion of the two more units, the nuclear power plant is expected to produce over 2000 MW of electricity at an 80-90% capacity. The Karachi Nuclear Power Plant is owned by the Nuclear Regulatory Authority (NRA) of Pakistan that is responsible for licensing, inspection and ensuring the safety procedures taking place while running the power plant. The National Engineering Services (NES) of Pakistan, the contractor, manages nuclear power plant on