the training barracks, in order to assist in treating hundreds of incoming wounded troops. Eventually, the Benton Barracks Hospital, under the direction of Emily Elizabeth Parsons, became the largest Civil War hospital in the American West, housing 2,000 black and white Union soldiers. Refugees Thousands of black refugees poured into St. Louis, where the Freedmen's Relief Society, the Ladies Union Aid Society, the Western Sanitary Commission, and the American Missionary Association (AMA) set up schools for the children. They were also assisted by political organizations of St. Louis' free black community, such as the Equal Rights League. Returning black Union soldiers like James Milton Turner and Moses Dickson were instrumental in setting up Lincoln University after the Civil War. Notes References Parrish,William E. (2001) A History of Missouri: Volume III, 1860 to 1875 Rombauer, R. (1909) The Union Cause in St. Louis in 1861 Annual Report of the Adjutant General of Missouri, For the Year ending December 31, 1865 Office of the Adjutant General (1866) p. 79 Missouri in the American Civil War U.S. cities in the American Civil War