awareness of Anatta and non-self reality results in a, "freedom from the push-pull of his own appetites, passions, ambitions, and fixations and from the external world's domination in general, that is, the conquest of greed, hatred, and delusion." This "push-pull" of mundane human existence or samsara results in dukka, but the recognition of Anatta results in a "freedom from the push-pull." Psychological interpretation According to Chogyam Trungpa the realms of samsara can refer to both "psychological states of mind and physical cosmological realms". Gethin argues, rebirth in the different realms is determined by one's karma, which is directly determined by one's psychological states. The Buddhist cosmology may thus be seen as a map of different realms of existence and a description of all possible psychological experiences. The psychological states of a person in current life lead to the nature of next rebirth in Buddhist cosmology. Paul Williams acknowledges Gethin's suggestion of the "principle of the equivalence of cosmology and psychology," but notes that Gethin is not asserting the Buddhist cosmology is really all about current or potential states of mind or psychology. The realms in Buddhist cosmology are indeed realms of rebirths. Otherwise rebirth would always be into the human realm, or there would be no rebirth at all. And that is not traditional Buddhism, states Williams. David McMahan concludes that the attempts to construe ancient Buddhist cosmology in modern psychological terms is modernistic reconstruction, "detraditionalization and demythologization" of Buddhism, a sociological phenomenon that is seen in all religions. A pre-modern form of this interpretation can be seen in the views of Zhiyi, the founder of the Tiantai school in China. The Record of Linji, a text attributed to the 9th Century Chan teacher Linji Yixuan, also presents the view that the Three Realms originate with the mind. Alternative translations Conditioned existence (Daniel Goleman) Cycle of clinging and taking birth in one desire after another (Phillip Moffitt) Cycle of existence Cyclic existence (Jeffry Hopkins) Uncontrollably recurring rebirth (Alexander Berzin) Wheel of suffering (Mingyur Rinpoche) See also Bhavacakra Buddhist cosmology Index of Buddhism-related articles Nirvana (Buddhism) Rebirth (Buddhism) Secular Buddhism Notes References Web references Sources Buddhist philosophical concepts Reincarnation