The Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology (PINSTECH) () is a federally funded multiprogram science and technology research institute managed for the Ministry of Energy by the Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS). Located in Nilore, it maintains a broad portfolio in providing post-graduate and post-doctoral research opportunities in supercomputing, renewable energy, physical sciences, philosophy, materials science, environmental science, and mathematics. Researchers and scholars are invited from universities throughout Pakistan. Overview Research scope The PINSTECH is regarded as the one of the most advanced and premium research facility in Pakistan. As of 2016, PINSTECH's major research focus is on: Conducting scientific research and publications in nuclear field at the international level. Technological development on nuclear sciences for peaceful usage. Producing radioisotopes and radio pharmaceuticals for catering to the needs of nuclear medical centers, industry and research establishments. Promoting applications of radiation and isotope technology in various scientific and technological disciplines to support national programs. Undertaking limited production of sophisticated equipment and special nuclear materials. Working on important non-nuclear fields which are crucial for the development of science and technology in the country. The PAEC Chair Dr. I. H. Usmani wanted a premium nuclear facility whose operations are roughly based on the American facilities such as ORNL, ANL, LLNL, and SNL. Many scientists educated at the ORNL and ANL were initially asked to join the PINSTECH. Designed by world-renowned American architect Edward Durell Stone in 1963, the construction was completed in 1965. About the PINSTECH, Edward Stone once inscribed in these words: "This....has been my greatest work. I am proud that it looks like it belongs in this country.." The scientific library of the institute consisted of a large section containing loaded historical references and literature on Manhattan Project, brought by Abdus Salam in 1971 prior to start of the Nuclear weapons programme under Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. History The roots of the institution dated back to 1951 when Abdus Salam returned to Pakistan to join University of the Punjab. After facing a fierce opposition from his fellow scientists at the physics department of the University of the Punjab in 1953, Salam soon faced the choice between intellectual death or migration to the stimulating environment of a western institutions from Pakistan. This realization left a deep impression on him and behind his determination to create an institution to which physicists from the developing countries would come as a right