are excursions, trips, and seasonal service to Gateway National Recreation Area beaches. Sightseeing boats circumnavigate Manhattan or make excursions into the Upper New York Bay. Circle Line Downtown Circle Line Sightseeing Ellis Island and Liberty Island Governor's Island Ferry (seasonal) Liberty Water Taxi New York Water Taxi NY Waterway New York Beach Ferry SeaStreak Staten Island Ferry Lights and lighthouses There are both historic and modern lighthouses throughout the port, some of which have been decommissioned Ambrose Light, Lower Bay (dismantled 2008) Bergen Point Light, Newark Bay (replaced) Blackwell Island Light, Roosevelt Island, East River (retired 1940) Chapel Hill Rear Range Light, Sandy Hook Bay (deactivated 1957) Conover Beacon (front range light), Leonardo Coney Island (Nortons Point) Light, Lower New York Bay, Sea Gate, Brooklyn Elm Tree Beacon Light, The Narrows, New Dorp, Staten Island Execution Rocks Light, Long Island Sound Fort Tompkins Light, The Narrows, Staten Island (retired) Fort Wadsworth Light, The Narrows, Brooklyn Great Beds Light, Raritan Bay, South Amboy Kings Point Light, Long Island Sound, Great Neck Kingsborough Community College Light, Sheepshead Bay, Brooklyn Little Gull Island Light, Long Island Sound Little Red Lighthouse (Jeffrey's Hook Lighthouse), Fort Washington, Manhattan Navesink Twin Lights, Sandy Hook Bay, Highlands New Dorp Light, The Narrows, Staten Island Swash Channel (retired) North Brother Island Light, East River Old Orchard Shoal Light, Gedney Channel, Lower Bay Princes Bay Light, Staten Island Robbins Reef Light, Constable Hook, Upper Bay Romer Shoal Light, Lower Bay near Sandy Hook Bay Sandy Hook Light, Sandy Hook Staten Island Light Lighthouse Hill, Staten Island Statue of Liberty, Liberty Island, Upper Bay (until 1902) Stepping Stones Light, Long Island Sound, near City Island Stony Point light, Hudson River Throgs Neck Light, Throggs Neck, East River (decommissioned) Titanic Memorial, South Street Seaport, East River West Bank Light, Ambrose Channel, Lower Bay (range front) Whitestone Point Light, Whitestone Point, southerly side of East River Land reclamation and ocean dumping Channelization and landfilling began in the colonial era and continued well into the 20th century. The expansion of the land area of Lower Manhattan through encroachment began in the 17th-century Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam and continued into 20th century. Early materials were shellfish and other refuse, and later construction debris from projects such as the New York City Subway and Pennsylvania Station. Rubble from the bombing of London was transported for ballast during World War II. New land has been