Maredsous. Caloen established St. Andrew's Abbey, Zevenkerken near the site of the old St. Andrew's Abbey in Bruges, which had been destroyed during the French Revolution. His uncle, Léon Ockerhout, donated seven acres of the Beisbroek area for the construction of an abbey complex, which was built in 1899–1900. St. Andrew's was established to train monks for the missions. He held the position of abbot until 1912. In 1895, Caloen, and a group of monks from Maredsous arrived at the Monastery of St. Benedict, Olinda to begin the work of restoring it. In July Abbot Primate Hildebrand de Hemptinne appointed Caloen Prior of Olinda Monastery and in May 1896 Abbot. In December 1898 Pope Leo XIII published an apostolic letter shifting the focus Caloen's work from monastic restoration to missionary work, a change criticized throughout the Beuronese Congregation, not least at Maredsous. In 1899 he was named general vicar of the Brazilian congregation in 1899. In 1902 Caloen persuaded the Missionary Benedictine Sisters of Tutzing to come to Olinda. Arriving in June 1903, they immediately began to care for orphans and the sick. In December 1899 Caloen was made vicar general of the Abbot General of the Brazilian Benedictine Congregation, Domingos Machado, with the right of succession. Caloen was made Abbot President of the Brazilian Congregation in 1900. He intended to assume the Abbey of Rio in May 1903, but the abbot still residing there refused; he finally succeeded with help from the military. On February 28, 1905, he was transferred from Olinda to the Abbey of São Bento do Rio de Janeiro. In September of that year, he returned to Belgium to recruit monks for Brazil. Bishop Caloen was made bishop of the mission district of Rio Branco with the titular of Phocea. He received episcopal consecration on April 28, 1906, in Maredsous and returned to Brazil in July. Besides the mission at Rio Branco, the monks had charge of the church at Alto Boa Vista, and extended pastoral care to the naval base on the Ilha das Cobras, as well as the garrison, prison, and hospital. They also supervised a primary, secondary, and night school for adults. By a Decree of the Sacred Congregation of the Consistory, 15 August 1907, Santa Maria de Monserrato was erected into an territorial abbey. The same Decree separated the District of Rio Branco from the Diocese of Amazones and subjected it to