the jurisdiction of the Abbot of Santa Maria de Monserrato. On September 6, 1908, Caloen was elected Archabbot of the Brazilian Congregation. He resided at Rio de Janeiro. After the outbreak of World War I, he resigned from all offices in March 1915, but remained Vicar General of the Apostolic Administrator Laurentius Zeller in the Rio Branco mission area. In August 1919 he returned to Europe permanently for health reasons. At the arrival of Dom Gérard van Caloen in Brazil 1895, the Congregation counted no more than eleven monks. At his departure they were 261. He lived for a brief time at the abbey of St. Andrew, and was to some extent involved in the canonical erection of the Congregation of the Annunciation in 1920. Unable to tolerate the weather of his homeland, he was compelled to retire to a more pleasant climate in the south of France. He spent the last years of his life in Cap d'Antibes, southern France, writing. He died there in 1932, and was buried at St. Andrew's. References External links Hunter-Blair, David Oswald. A Medley of Memories, (1919), Chapter XVI, pp. 219 et seq, -a description of early conditions at Olindo 1853 births 1932 deaths Belgian Benedictines