where its distribution does not overlap with those of the likewise epiphytic N. fusca and N. hurrelliana, which grow below 1200 m and above 1500 m, respectively. Related species Nepenthes vogelii belongs to the loosely defined "N. maxima complex", which also includes, among other species, N. boschiana, N. chaniana, N. epiphytica, N. eymae, N. faizaliana, N. fusca, N. klossii, N. maxima, N. platychila, and N. stenophylla. Nepenthes vogelii is thought to be most closely related to N. fusca. It differs from that species in having much smaller pitchers and lacking appendages on the underside of the lid. In addition, the lid of N. vogelii is broadly triangular as opposed to the narrowly triangular lid of N. fusca. The colour of the pitchers—light cream with dark speckles—is also distinctive. These features also distinguish it from N. burbidgeae and N. stenophylla. Nepenthes vogelii shows close affinities to N. platychila. However, unlike the lower pitchers of N. vogelii, those of N. platychila bear wings and have a relatively wide peristome. Notes a.Some authors treat N. fallax in synonymy with N. stenophylla, while others consider them to be two distinct species, with plants commonly referred to as N. stenophylla actually representing N. fallax. As in Matthew Jebb and Martin Cheek's 1997 monograph and Charles Clarke's 1997 monograph, the first interpretation is followed here. References Further reading Bonhomme, V., H. Pelloux-Prayer, E. Jousselin, Y. Forterre, J.-J. Labat & L. Gaume 2011. Slippery or sticky? Functional diversity in the trapping strategy of Nepenthes carnivorous plants. New Phytologist 191(2): 545–554. Bourke, G. 2007. Trekking to Gunung Mulu. Victorian Carnivorous Plant Society Journal 83: 9–11. Bourke, G. 2010. Captive Exotics Newsletter 1(1): 4–7. Bourke, G. 2011. The Nepenthes of Mulu National Park. Carniflora Australis 8(1): 20–31. Lee, C.C. 2000. Recent Nepenthes Discoveries. [video] The 3rd Conference of the International Carnivorous Plant Society, San Francisco, USA. McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Borneo. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. External links WildBorneo: Nepenthes vogelii Carnivorous plants of Asia vogelii Endemic flora of Borneo Plants described in 2002