as the Hebrew term (chairman), are used by Israeli media to refer to the President of the Palestinian National Authority, as opposed to (president). In a New York Times op-ed, commentator Bret Stephens referred to late Palestinian leader Yasir Arafat as "the rais." Tatarstan In December 2022, regional lawmakers voted to change the title of the head of the republic from president to rais. The title of president was seen as the last remaining symbol of federalism following the centralization reforms under Vladimir Putin. References Arabic honorifics Swahili words and phrases Heads of state Islamic honorifics Military ranks Royal titles Noble titles Positions of authority Titles of national or ethnic leadership Titles in India Titles in Afghanistan Titles in Pakistan Ottoman titles Turkish titles Titles in Iran