the Spanish, but to no effect. They also suffered frightful hunger. In Peru As a reward for the large quantity of money he had sent back to Spain, on February 22, 1653 he was named viceroy of Peru. In order to tie up affairs in New Spain, he delayed his departure until August of that year. He took office in Peru on February 24, 1655, and served until December 31, 1661. In 1657 he founded the Nautical Academy of the colony, at the Hospital of Espiritu Santo in Lima. There had been a royal mint in Lima briefly, with the king's permission, beginning in 1565, but it was soon closed. Now because of a shortage of coinage, Enríquez de Guzmán ordered it reopened in December 1658, but without the royal authority to do so. It produced coins of 1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 4 and 8 reales from January 1659 to April 1660, as well as 1 and 8 escudos from September 1659 to April 1660. These are known today as Estrellas de Lima (Stars of Lima), due to the large star featured in their design. Surviving examples are very rare. References García Puron, Manuel, México y sus gobernantes, v. 1. Mexico City: Joaquín Porrua, 1984. Orozco Linares, Fernando, Gobernantes de México. Mexico City: Panorama Editorial, 1985, . External links History of the royal mint 1600s births Viceroys of New Spain Viceroys of Peru Counts of Alba de Liste Marquesses of Spain Knights of Calatrava Year of death unknown