Madulain () is a municipality in the Maloja Region in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. History Madulain is first mentioned around 1137-39 as Madulene. Guardaval Castle was built near the village of Madulain in the 13th century to administer the estates of the Bishop of Chur in the Upper Engadine. In 1409 the Bishop had to pledge the castle to the League of God's House to pay off some of his debts. Under the League, the castle was no longer an administrative center and was abandoned, falling into ruin. Geography Madulain has an area, (as of the 2004/09 survey) of . Of this area, about 30.7% is used for agricultural purposes, while 14.5% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 2.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and 52.2% is unproductive land. In the 2004/09 survey a total of or about 0.8% of the total area was covered with buildings, an increase of over the 1985 amount. Over the same time period, the amount of recreational space in the municipality increased by and is now about 0.98% of the total area. Of the agricultural land, is fields and grasslands and consists of alpine grazing areas. Since 1985 the amount of agricultural land has decreased by . Over the same time period the amount of forested land has increased by . Rivers and lakes cover in the municipality. Before 2017, the municipality was located in the Oberengadin sub-district of the Maloja district, after 2017 it was part of the Maloja Region. It is the smallest of the eleven municipalities in the district. It is located in the upper Engadin valley between La Punt Chamues-ch and Zuoz about 15 minutes from St. Moritz on the Inn River. It consists of the Haufendorf village (an irregular, unplanned and quite closely packed village, built around a central square) of Madulain on the Inn at an elevation of . Until 1943 Madulain was known as Madulein. Demographics Madulain has a population () of . , 32.3% of the population are resident foreign nationals. In 2015 a small minority (22 or 9.6% of the population) was born in Italy a small minority (27 or 11.8% of the population) was born in Portugal. Over the last 4 years (2010-2014) the population has changed at a rate of 19.59%. The birth rate in the municipality, in 2014, was 13.1, while the death rate was 13.1 per thousand residents.