cc dd ..."). Doha Heroic couplet: written in iambic pentameter. Poulter's measure: couplets in which a 12-syllable iambic line rhymes with a 14-syllable iambic line. Envoi (or envoy): the brief stanza that ends French poetic forms such as the ballade or sestina. Ghazal Octave: an 8-line stanza or poem. Ottava rima: an Italian stanza of eight 11-syllable lines, with a rhyme scheme of "abababcc." Quatorzain Quatrain: a 4-line poem or stanza Quintain Rhyme royal: a stanza of seven 10-syllable lines, rhyming "ababbcc." Sapphic Sestain Sestet: a 6-line stanza Onegin stanza Spenserian: consists of 9 lines in total—8 iambic-pentameter lines and a final alexandrine—with a rhyme scheme of "ababbcbcc." Tercet (or triplet): a unit of three lines, rhymed ("aaa") or unrhymed, often repeating like the couplet. Triolet: an 8-line stanza with only two rhymes, repeating the 1st line as the 4th and 7th lines, and the 2nd line as the 8th ("ABaAabAB"). Terza rima: an Italian stanzaic form consisting of tercets with interwoven rhymes ("aba bcb ded efe..."). Genres Genres by structure Fixed form (French: forme fixe): the three 14th- and 15th-century French poetic forms: Ballade: three 8-line stanzas ("ababbcbC") and a 4-line envoi ("bcbC"). The last line of the first stanza is repeated verbatim at the end of subsequent stanzas and the envoi. Example: Algernon Charles Swinburne’s translation “Ballade des Pendus” by François Villon. Rondeau: a mainly octosyllabic poem consisting of between 10 and 15 lines and 3 stanzas. It has only 2 rhymes, with the opening words used twice as an un-rhyming refrain at the end of the 2nd and 3rd stanzas. Virelai Found poem: a prose text or texts reshaped by a poet into quasi-metrical lines. Haiku: a type of short poem, originally from Japan, consisting of three lines in a 5, 7, 5 syllable pattern. English-language haiku: an unrhymed tercet poem in the haiku style. Lekythion: a sequence of seven alternating long and short syllables at the end of a verse. Landay: a form of Afghani folk poetry that is composed as a couplet of 22 syllables. Mukhammas Pantoum: a Malaysian verse form adapted by French poets comprising a series of quatrains, with the 2nd and 4th lines of each quatrain repeated as the 1st and 3rd lines of the next. The 2nd and 4th lines of the final stanza repeat the 1st and 3rd lines of the first stanza. Pastiche Prose: a prose composition that is