had pucca (paved) village roads, 17 villages had bus service (public/ private), 48 villages had autos/ modified autos, 12 villages had taxi/vans, 48 villages had tractors. 3 villages had bank branches, 4 villages had agricultural credit societies. 4 villages had public distribution system, 58 villages had assembly polling stations. Agriculture In Ranchi district, 23% of the total area is covered with forests. "With the gradual deforestation of the district, more and more land is being brought under cultivation." Terraced low lands are called don and the uplands are called tanr. The hill streams remain almost dry, except in the rainy season, and does not offer much scope for irrigation. In Mandar CD block, 41.53% of the total area was cultivable, in 2011. Out of this, 9.58% was irrigated land. Backward Regions Grant Fund Ranchi district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the Backward Regions Grant Fund. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 21 districts of Jharkhand. Transport There is a railway station at Tangarbasuli on the Ranchi-Tori line. National Highway 39 (Ranchi-Daltonganj), an important roadway in Ranchi district, passes through Mandar block. Education Mandar CD block had 8 villages with pre-primary schools, 60 villages with primary schools, 29 villages with middle schools, 7 villages with secondary schools, 4 villages with senior secondary schools, 2 villages with vocational training centre/ ITIs, 2 villages with non-formal training centres, 9 villages with no educational facilities. .*Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand Healthcare Mandar CD block had 5 villages with primary health centres, 21 villages with primary health subcentres, 9 villages with maternity and child welfare centres, 1 village with allopathic hospital, 5 villages with dispensaries, 1 village with veterinary hospital, 1 village with family welfare centre, 6 villages with medicine shops. .*Private medical practitioners, alternative medicine etc. not included References Community development blocks in Ranchi district