McCallum is a local service district and designated place in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It is on the southern coast of the island of Newfoundland. It is accessible only by boat or by air, and in appearance and way of life is thought by some to be as close to a pre-20th century community as may be found. McCallum lies in an enclosed harbour and is sheltered between two hills. The community survives primarily on the fishery. Whaling was also a major industry in the late 19th century. It is also about an hour and a half from the nearest road, in a community called Hermitage. History McCallum takes its name from Sir Henry Edward McCallum, Colonial Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador from 1899 to 1901. The waters around McCallum have been fished since at least the 16th century, however no permanent settlement existed until after the Seven Years' War, after 1816. When the French gained possession of the Islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, the English on the Islands were forced to find new homes, and looked just north, to Newfoundland's southern coast. It was during this time that Captain James Cook was appointed marine surveyor of Newfoundland, and mapped out in detail the coastline and waters around McCallum to create a boundary for where the French were still allowed to fish. Aside from the traditional fishery, there is also a lobster fishery. In recent years there has also been aquaculture in and around the community of McCallum. The lifeblood of McCallum revolves around the sea. McCallum voted on resettlement in 2015 and 2017 but did not meet the 90% threshold required. Geography McCallum is in Newfoundland within Subdivision D of Division No. 3. As a result of resettlement, the community has grown and has taken in people from surrounding communities such as Pushthrough, Muddy Hole, Indian Cove, Lock's Cove, Richards Harbour, Great Jervais and Mosquito. Demographics As a designated place in the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, McCallum recorded a population of 45 living in 21 of its 44 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of 73. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2016. Government McCallum is a local service district (LSD) that is governed by a committee responsible for the provision of certain services to the community. The chair of