19,793. Scheduled Castes numbered 15,315 (11.54%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 56,925 (42.91%). The percentage of Scheduled Tribes in Ranchi district, in 2011, was 47.67% of the population (rural) in the blocks. The percentage of Scheduled Tribes, numbering 1,042,016, in the total population of Ranchi district numbering 2,914,253 in 2011, was 35.76%. The Oraons forming 18.20% of the population and the Mundas forming 10.30% of the population, were the main tribes. Other tribes included (percentage of population in brackets) Lohra (2.46), Bedia (1.32) and Mahli (1.09). Large villages (with 4,000+ population) Tamar CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Parasi (4,208) and Tamar (12,346). Literacy census, the total number of literate persons in Tamar CD block was 70,845 (62.76% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 43,881 (76.98% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 26,964 (48.25% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 28.73%. census, literacy in Ranchi district was 77.13%. Literacy in Jharkhand was 67.63% in 2011. Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%. See also – List of Jharkhand districts ranked by literacy rate Language and religion Hindi is the official language in Jharkhand and Urdu has been declared as an additional official language. Rural poverty 60-70% of the population of Ranchi district were in the BPL category in 2004–2005. In 2011-12, the proportion of BPL population in Ranchi district came down to 27.82%. According to a study in 2013 (modified in 2019), "the incidence of poverty in Jharkhand is estimated at 46%, but 60% of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes are still below poverty line." Economy Livelihood In Tamar CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 24,238 and formed 33.66%, agricultural labourers numbered 39,137 and formed 54.35%, household industry workers numbered 2,147 and formed 2.98% and other workers numbered 6,487 and formed 9.01%. Total workers numbered 72,009 and formed 54.28% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 60,663 and formed 45.72% of the population. Infrastructure There are 128 inhabited villages in Tamar CD block. In 2011, 8 villages had power supply. 16 villages had tap water (treated/ untreated), 128 villages had well water (covered/ uncovered), 125 villages had hand pumps, and all villages have drinking water facility. 5 villages had post offices, 12 villages had sub post offices, 3 village had