again, their three remaining towns were easily reduced by the Roman consuls, and their inhabitants put to the sword. On this occasion Livy tells us that "the Ausonian nation was destroyed"; it is certain that its name does not again appear in history, and is only noticed by Pliny among the extinct races which had formerly inhabited Latium. According to different classical sources the Ausones were also settled in Calabria. The Ausones entered in contact with the Romans, allying against them with the Samnites. The main Ausonian cities of Ausona, Minturnae, Vescia and Sinuessa, according to Livy were destroyed. Ausones in the Aeolian Islands and Sicily According to a legend told by Diodorus Siculus, the king of the Ausones was Auson, son of Ulysses and Circe (or Calypso). The son of Auson was Liparus, from whence the Lipari Islands derive their name. From 1240 to 850 BC the Aeolian Islands are occupied by a group of Ausones led there by the legendary Liparus. According to a legend Liparus is succeeded by Aeolus whose house, according to Homer, gave hospitality to Ulysses. This continuous occupation may have been interrupted violently when in the late 9th century BC the Ausonian civilisation site, Lipara, on the island of Lipari was burned and apparently not rebuilt. Around 1270 BC part of the Ausones moved from Campania to Sicily. The excavations on Lipari have revealed an assemblage which shares many features with those of contemporary Southern Italy (in its Subapennine-Protovillanovan phases). This insular culture has been named as Ausonian I (1250/1200–1150 BC) and II (1150–850 BC) and associated with the Pantalica I and II (Cassibile) phases in Sicily (See Luigi Bernabò Brea). Archaeological findings Cales, in the commune of Calvi Risorta (province of Caserta, Campania), of which remains has been found, has been identified as an Ausonian city. In the park of Roccamonfina remains of a polygonal line of walls belonging to the Ausonian civilization have been discovered. See also Aborigines Aurunci Osci List of ancient Italic peoples Notes References Attribution This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Further reading Osci Ancient peoples of Sicily Ancient Italic peoples