injection molding of self standing items, in particular pressure pipes By rotomolding of self standing items like tanks or other shapes (rotomolding grade) As a protective film using an adequate adhesive ECTFE powder is most commonly used in electrostatic powder coating. ECTFE powder coatings have a typical thickness of 0,8 mm but can be applied up to 2 mm with a special grade for high build up. Extrusion of ECTFE fabric-backed sheets and subsequent fabrication to vessels, pipes or valves is used in the chemical industry. Thick sheets are compression molded and can go up to 50 mm in thickness. They are used in the semiconductor industry for wet benches or machining other parts. The most common application of ECTFE is in the field of corrosion protection. ECTFE is used for corrosion protection in industries including: Bleaching towers in pulp and paper Sulfuric acid production and storage Flue gas treatment in particular in the SNOX and WSA process Electrolysis collectors or drying towers in the chlorine industry Transport vessels for hazardous goods, in particular class 8 Halogen related industry (bromine, chlorine, fluorine) Acid handling (sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrogen halides, hydrogen sulfide, etc.) Mining applications, in particular high pressure heap leach ECTFE has been widely used in the semiconductor industry, for wet tool and tubing systems for lithographic chemicals. ECTFE is also used in the pharmaceutical industry. Moreover, ECTFE is used for primary and secondary jacketing in specialty cables like data cables or self-regulating heating cables, applications where good fire resistance and electrical properties are key properties. ECTFE is also used for braiding in that field. ECTFE in the form of a monofilament fiber is used in flue gas treatment and in certain chemical processes. Unlike PTFE, ECTFE can be crimped which allows its production in the form of nonwoven fibers with high surface area and porosity. Even though such material has low chemical reactivity, ECTFE in general has somewhat lower chemical resistance comparing to PTFE. Halar films are used in the aircraft industry as well as for photovoltaic front and back sheets. ECTFE is used for manufacturing gaskets to store liquid oxygen and other propellants for aerospace applications. See also bs4994 ECTFE as a thermoplastic lining for dual laminate chemical process plant equipment's RTP-1 ECTFE as a thermoplastic lining for dual laminate ASME stamped vessels. References Plastics Fluoropolymers Copolymers Thermoplastics