in his notes to Rambam's Commentary in Arabic identifies numerous species by their Latin equivalents) Historical context The contents of this tractate mostly reflect conditions in Judea and the Galilee during the second century C.E. and particularly the conditions in the Galilee after the Bar Kokhba revolt (132–136 C.E.). Most of the Tannaim whose opinions are recorded in this tractate are from this period. The tractate contains data about the social life and institutions of the time and the social and commercial relations between the various segments of the population, such as the chaver, the am haaretz, employers and workers, and innkeepers and their guests. The Gemara in the Jerusalem Talmud indicates that there were inspectors who distinguished between produce that was properly tithed (metukan) and the demai, and that there were also officers appointed to watch the sale of articles of food and keep the prices low. The Gemara also has considerable information about the produce of the Land of Israel. Many names of fruits and vegetables, in addition to those mentioned in the Mishnah, are cited in the Gemara, along with information about the markets and names of places inside and outside the Land of Israel. References External links Full Hebrew and English text of the Mishnah for tractate Demai on Sefaria Full text of the Mishnah for tractate Demai (Hebrew) Jewish agrarian laws Jewish ethical law Land of Israel laws in Judaism Mishnah Negative Mitzvoth Positive Mitzvoth Talmud Tithes in Judaism