Black Mountain: A group of progressives in North Carolina associated with the experimental Black Mountain College in the 1940s and 1950s. Its poetic composition promoted a nontraditional style, following a improvisational, open-form approach, driven by the natural patterns of breath and the spoken word. Confessional Dada Dark Room Collective Fireside Fugitives Georgian Harlem Renaissance Imagism Metaphysical Négritude New American New Critic New Formalist New Historicist New York School Objectivist Oulipo Pre-Raphaelite Romantic Symbolist Other poetic devices Allusion: a brief, intentional reference to a historical, mythic, or literary person, place, event, or movement; in other words, a figure of speech using indirect reference." Anacrusis: brief introduction. Anaphora: the repetition of a word or words at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines to give emphasis. Apostrophe: an address to a dead or absent person, or personification as if that person were present. Example: "O Captain! My Captain!" by Walt Whitman. Blason: describes the physical attributes of a subject, usually female. Circumlocution: a roundabout wording. Example: In "Kubla Khan" by Samuel Taylor Coleridge—“twice five miles of fertile ground” (i.e., 10 miles). Epistrophe (aka epiphora): the repetition of a word or expression at the end of successive phrases or verses. Epizeuxis: the immediate repetition of a word or phrase for emphasis. Metaphor: a rhetorical figure of speech marked by implicit comparison, rather than direct or explicit comparison like in a simile. In a metaphor, the tenor is the subject to which attributes are ascribed (i.e., the target); the vehicle is the subject from which the attributes are derived/borrowed (i.e., the source); and ground is the shared properties between the two. Conceit: a typically unconventional, logically complex, or surprising metaphor whose appeal is more intellectual than emotional. Extended metaphor (aka sustained metaphor): the exploitation of a single metaphor or analogy at length through multiple linked tenors and vehicles throughout a poem. Allegory: an extended metaphor in which the characters, places, and objects in a narrative carry figurative meaning. Often, the meaning of an allegory is religious, moral, or historical in nature. Example: "The Faerie Queene" by Edmund Spenser. Periphrasis: the usage of multiple separate words to carry the meaning of prefixes, suffixes or verbs. Objective correlative Simile: a figure of speech that directly/explicitly compares two things. Homeric simile (aka epic simile) Syzygy: the combination of 2 metrical feet into a single unit, similar to an elision. Theory Descriptive poetics Historical poetics Negative capability