telephones (land lines), 38 villages had mobile phone coverage. 115 villages had pucca (paved) village roads, 8 villages had bus service (public/ private), 6 villages had autos/ modified autos, 5 villages had taxi/vans, 62 villages had tractors. 5 villages had bank branches, 5 villages had agricultural credit societies, 2 villages had public distribution system, 112 villages had assembly polling stations. Agriculture In Ranchi district, 23% of the total area is covered with forests. "With the gradual deforestation of the district, more and more land is being brought under cultivation." Terraced low lands are called don and the uplands are called tanr. The hill streams remain almost dry, except in the rainy season, and does not offer much scope for irrigation. In Tamar CD block, 49.15% of the total area was cultivable, in 2011. Out of this, 3.00% was irrigated land. Backward Regions Grant Fund Ranchi district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the Backward Regions Grant Fund. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 21 districts of Jharkhand. Transport National Highway 43 (earlier NH 33) (Ranchi-Bundu-Tamar-Chandil-Jamshedpur), an important roadway in Ranchi district, passes through Tamar block. Education Tamar CD block had 6 villages with pre-primary schools, 115 villages with primary schools, 58 villages with middle schools, 9 villages with secondary schools, 3 villages with senior secondary schools, 1 village had vocational training centre/ ITI, 4 villages had non-formal training centres, 13 villages with no educational facility. .*Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand Healthcare Tamar CD block had 2 villages with primary health centres, 26 villages with primary health subcentres, 9 villages with maternity and child welfare centres, 1 village with allopathic hospital, 1 village with dispensary, 1 village with veterinary hospital, 7 villages with family welfare centres, 29 villages with medicine shops . .*Private medical practitioners, alternative medicine etc. not included References Community development blocks in Ranchi district