depicted a range war between cattlemen on one hand, against farmers and sheepherders on the other. A range war is referred to as the reason that cattle are being sold at low prices to a railroad in the twenty-third episode of Hell on Wheels. Heaven's Gate (1980) is loosely based on the Johnson County War. Tom Horn (1980), scripted from the journals of Horn, Steve McQueen. "Johnson County War" is a 1989 song by Country Western singer/songwriter Chris LeDoux for the Powder River album. "The Range War," a ballad by Todd Rundgren, focuses on a relationship between a boy whose "uncle runs cattle" and a girl whose "daddy runs sheep," and hints their relationship was opposed by both families, fueling this particular range war. Open Range (2003), a film in which free-grazers take on a cattle baron who tries to use hired assassins to steal their herd. A range war was the subject of at least one episode of long-running old time radio show, Gunsmoke, called "Jaliscoe". A range war was used as a plot in the 12th season of the TV show Dallas. King of Texas is a 2002 American television movie transposing the plot of William Shakespeare's King Lear into the 19th-century American West. 1923 (2023), a prequel to the Yellowstone franchise written by Taylor Sheridan, features a ranch war in several episodes. Usage While in previous centuries violence may have been involved, the term is now applied to nonviolent competition for scarce resources, such as between ranchers and environmentalists, or between ranchers and fans of wild horses. A range war is also a slang term for a turf war or disagreement about proper hierarchy or relationship and is often used in a joking manner. In this sense, the term is found in politics and business. See also List of feuds in the United States Sheep Wars County seat war Notes and references American frontier Cowboy culture 01 Internal wars of the United States Western (genre) staples and terminology