area where the current active synagogue stands. The Jewish community in Belgrade flourished most notably in the 17th century when Belgrade had a yeshiva (a Jewish religious school), numerous community and cultural centers, Jewish charitable organizations, societies and shops. A beautiful early-20th century Sephardic synagogue, then one of the most prominent buildings in the city, stood in today's Cara Uroša Street (see image right) complete with ritual bathing quarters. Before World War II some 12,000 Jews lived in Belgrade, 80% of whom were Spanish- or Ladino-speaking Sephardim, and 20% Yiddish-speaking Ashkenazim. Most of the Jewish population of Serbia was exterminated during the German occupation, and only 1,115 of Belgrade's twelve thousand Jews would survive. There were three concentration camps for Jews, Serbs and Gypsies in the city at the time. Most Jewish men perished at the Autokomanda site near the city center, apart from those killed at the Banjica camp; the camp at Sajmište was on Independent State of Croatia territory and it mostly saw the killing of women and children. Wartime bombing destroyed most of the Jewish monuments as well as much of the city. According to some reports, the current synagogue was used by the occupying forces as a brothel. The building was re-consecrated after the war. Since 1944 there has only been a very small Jewish community in Serbia and Belgrade. Many of them emigrated to Israel after the war. Belgrade currently has a very active Jewish community center housing the Federation of Jewish Communities of Serbia and the Jewish Historical Museum. The city also has several commemorative monuments to Jewish suffering in past wars, the newest of which was unveiled at Autokomanda, near the site of the mass killing of Jews during World War II. There are Sephardic and Ashkenazi Jewish cemeteries in Belgrade, but only the Sephardic one is in regular use today. Literature Игњат Шланг,“ Јевреји у Београду“ (in Serbian), Belgrade 1926. Небојша Јовановић, „Преглед историје београдских Јевреја до стицања грађанске равноправности, Зборник 6. Јеврејског историјског музеја" (in Serbian), Belgrade 1992. page 115 – 166. Дивна Ђурић Замоло,“ Архитектура и грађевинарство Јевреја у Београду, Зборник 6. Јеврејског историјског музеја“ (in Serbian), Belgrade 1992. page 236-238. Др Харијет Пас Фрајденрајх, „Јевреју у Београду између ратова, Зборник 6. Јеврејског историјског музеја“ (in Serbian), Belgrade 1992. page 365 - 371. Мр Небојша Поповић, „ Јевреји у Србији 1918 – 1941“ (in Serbian), Belgrade 1997. Жени Лебл, „До