(6th century) Epictetus, (55 – c. 135)* Johannes Scotus Eriugena, (c. 800 – c. 880) Eusebius of Caesarea, (264–339) F Al-Farabi, (870 – 950) Favorinus, (c. 80 – c. 150) Fazang (or Fa-Tsang), (643 – 712) Fridugisus, (9th century) Fulbert of Chartres, (c. 960 – 1028) G Gaius Musonius Rufus, (110 – 180) Galen, (131 – 201) Gaudapadacharya, (c. 7th century) Gerbert of Aurillac (or Pope Silvester II), (c. 950 – 1003) Gottschalk of Orbais, (c. 805 – 868) Pope Gregory I, (540 – 604) Gregory of Nyssa, (c. 335 – 398) H Han Yu, (768 – 824) Heiric of Auxerre, (841 – 876/7) Hierocles the Stoic, (2nd century) Himerius, (315 – 386) Hincmar, (806 – 882) Ho Yen, (190 – 249) Hsi K'ang, (223 – 262) Hunayn ibn Ishaq, (808 – 877) Hypatia of Alexandria, (370 – 415) I Iamblichus, (c. 245 – c. 325) Yahya ibn Adi, (893 – 974) Ibn ar-Rawandi, (c. 910) Ibn Furak, (c. 941 – 1015) Ahmad ibn Hanbal, (780–855) Ibn Hazm, (994 – 1069) Ibn al-Khammar, (942 – c. 1030) Ibn Masarra, (883 – 931) Ibn Miskawayh, (940 – 1030) Abd-Allāh Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ, (c. 720 – c. 756) Ibn al-Rawandi, (died c. 910) Ibn al-Tayyib, (died 1043) Ikhwan al-Safa', (10th century) 'Isa ibn Zur'a, (943 – 1008) Issac Ben Solomon Israeli, (c. 850 – 950)* Isidore of Seville, (c. 560 – 636) Isvarakrsna, (5th century) J Jesus of Nazareth, (4 BC – AD 30) Jābir ibn Hayyān, (died c. 806–816) Jahm bin Safwan, (died 746) Jayanta Bhatta, (c. 9th century) John of Damascus, (c. 676 – 749) Juan Chi, (210 – 263) Justinian I, (483 – 565) K Abd al-Masih ibn Ishaq al-Kindi, (9th/10th century) Al-Kindi, (801 – 873)* Hamid al-Din al-Kirmani, (died c. 1021) Ko Hung, (4th century) Kūkai, (774 – 835) Kumārila Bhaṭṭa, (c. 7th century) Kundakunda, (c. 2nd century) Kuo Hsiang (or Guoxiang), (c. 312) L Li Ao, (722 – 841) Linji Yixuan (or Lin Chi), (c. 810 – 867) Longinus, (1st century) Cassius Dionysius Longinus, (213 – 273) Lucian, (c. 120 – c. 180) Lucius Annaeus Cornutus, (1st century) M Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius, (fl. c. 430) Gaius Marius Victorinus, (4th century) Abu Mansur Maturidi (before 973 – c. 944) Al-Mawardi, (974 – 1058) Mazdak, (died c. 526) Miskawayh, (c. 932 – 1030) David Ibn Merwan Al-Mukammas (or Daud Ibn Marwan al-Muqammas or David ha-Bavli), (died 937) Musonius Rufus, (1st