to create his installations outdoors or at unconventional urban locations. His work was more widely shown outside the United States, and he had major exhibitions in Japan and Europe. In 1968 and 1977, De Maria participated in Documenta in Kassel; he installed his permanent public sculpture Vertical Earth Kilometer in the city's Friedrichsplatz Park. In 1977, a major exhibition of De Maria's sculpture was held at the Kunstmuseum Basel in 1972. He has also since been the subject of numerous solo exhibitions organized by Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris (1981), Museum Boymans-van Beuningen in Rotterdam (1984), Staatsgalerie in Stuttgart (1987), Moderna Museet in Stockholm (1988), Gemäldegalerie in Berlin (1998), and Chichu Art Museum in Naoshima (2000 and 2004). Organized by the Menil Collection in 2011, "Walter De Maria: Trilogies" was the artist's first major museum exhibition in the United States. Films In 2015, filmmaker and art historian James Crump produced and directed Troublemakers: The Story of Land Art.<ref>[https://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/05/04/land-art-smithson-holt-heizer-troublemakers-movie/ Su Wu, A New Documentary Sheds Light on the 'Troublemakers' of Land Art, T Magazine, May 4, 2015] </ref>IMDb, Troublemakers: The Story of Land Art, 2015 Andy Battaglia, Land Art Gets Its Close-Up In New Film, Wall Street Journal September 27, 2015 Set in the desolate desert spaces of the American southwest, this feature documentary film contains rare footage of De Maria and the artist's extant and non-extant works. Troublemakers was one of twelve documentary films selected by the 53rd New York Film Festival, September 25–October 11, 2015.Gregg Kilday, Laura Poitras, Frederick Wiseman to Screen New Work at New York Film Festival, Hollywood Reporter, August 24, 2015 The film released theatrically at IFC Center, New York, January 8, 2016. Literature Walter De Maria: Trilogies, edited by Josef Helfenstein and Clare Elliott. Houston: Menil Collection, 2011. Jane McFadden, Walter De Maria: Meaningless Work. London: Reaktion Books, 2016. Artists on Walter De Maria, edited by Katherine Atkins and Kelly Kivland. New York: Dia Art Foundation, 2017. Walter De Maria: The Lightning Field, edited by Stephen Hoban, Alexis Lowry, and Jessica Morgan, photographs by John Cliett. New York: Dia Art Foundation, 2017. Interview with Paul Cummings'', by Walter De Maria, edited by Cerise Fontaine. Paris: Éditions Lutanie, 2019. References External links Interview with Walter De Maria, October 4, 1972, Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution Thirty Years of Eternity, Tate Etc. issue 12; Spring 2008 The Lightning Field, Dia Art Foundation Benesse Art Site Naoshima