existence" approach, guided by the non-exhaustive factors set out in Koo (Re). However, most recently, this compromise formula was rejected by Federal Court judges, with some judges commenting on the need for legislation to resolve the issue. Other significant cases Canadians, British nationality, and immigration law (1947–1981) The Canadian Citizenship Act, 1976 replaced the term "British subject" with "Commonwealth citizen" in 1977, but the UK did not follow suit until 1 January 1983, when the British Nationality Act 1981 went into effect. While Canada created Canadian citizenship on 1 January 1947, the British Nationality and Status of Aliens Act 1914 continued to confer British subject status (the only nationality and citizenship status of the United Kingdom and its colonies and dominions before 1949) on Canadians until the British Nationality Act 1948 came into effect on 31 December 1948. That, together with succeeding Acts, changed the nature of Canadian citizenship status as it could apply within the UK: Timeline See also Canadian immigration law Canadian nationality law Immigration to Canada Canadians of convenience Lost Canadians Notes References Further reading Nationality law Immigration to Canada Nationality law Canada Canada