or a troodontid, while Bradycneme would be a maniraptor, and Heptasteornis (at least its holotype BMNH A4359) a member of the Alvarezsauridae. Thus E. nopcsai seems to be some sort of birdlike eumaniraptoran, but not related to modern birds. In 2005 Kessler however, reunited all the material in Elopteryx but considered it an alvarezsaurid. Later, in 2019, two studies have found it to be a bird once again, but a basal one; Hartman et al. recover it as a confuciusornithiform while Mayr et al. note similarities with Gargantuavis and Balaur, suggesting they form a clade native to the Late Cretaceous European archipelago. See also Timeline of troodontid research References Bibliography (1913): On some bird remains from the Upper Cretaceous of Transylvania. Geological Magazine 5: 193–196. (1963): Catalogue of fossil birds. Part 1 (Archaeopterygiformes through Ardeiformes). Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences 7(4): 179–293. PDF fulltext (1978): Catalogue of fossil birds, Part 5 (Passeriformes). Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences 23(3): 139–228. (1998): Small theropods from the Late Cretaceous of the Hateg Basin (western Romania) - an unexpected diversity at the top of the food chain. Oryctos 1: 87-104. (1975): The Bradycnemidae, a new family of owls from the Upper Cretaceous of Romania. Palaeontology 18(3): 563–570. PDF fulltext (1998): A new dromaeosaurid theropod from the Upper Cretaceous of Southern France. Oryctos 1: 105–112. (1992): The first record of dromaeosaurid dinosaurs (Saurischia, Theropoda) in the Maastrichtian of southern Europe: palaeobiogeographical implications. Bulletin de la Société géologique de la France 163(3): 337–343. (2008): A skull of the giant bony-toothed bird Dasornis (Aves: Pelagornithidae) from the Lower Eocene of the Isle of Sheppey. Palaeontology 51(5): 1107–1116. (HTML abstract) (2004): Heptasteornis was no ornithomimid, troodontid, dromaeosaurid or owl: the first alvarezsaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from Europe. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Monatshefte 7: 385–401. (1988): Predatory Dinosaurs of the World. New York, Simon & Schuster. (1991): The dinosaurs of Transylvania. National Geographic Research and Exploration 7(2): 196–215. PDF fulltext Prehistoric maniraptorans Maastrichtian life Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of Europe Cretaceous Romania Fossils of Romania Hațeg fauna Fossils of Serbia Fossil taxa described in 1913 Taxa named by Charles William Andrews Nomina dubia