Green Springs National Historic Landmark District is a national historic district in Louisa County, Virginia noted for its concentration of fine rural manor houses and related buildings in an intact agricultural landscape. The district comprises of fertile land, contrasting with the more typical poor soil and scrub pinelands surrounding it. Description The district is located 1.5 miles (2 km) north of Interstate 64 from exit No. 136, "Zion Crossroads." The district is roughly bounded by U.S. Route 15 and Virginia Routes 22 and 613. The area is named for a natural spring noted by Thomas Jefferson as possessing "some medicinal virtue." The district features a mixture of wooded and farmed lands. Its distinguishing geological feature is the presence of a heavy clay soil that retains plant nutrients and moisture, creating an open landscape suitable for farming. The area is noted for its park-like views, particularly from U.S. Route 15. Preservation The district was preserved following attempts by the state of Virginia to build a prison there, and after a strip mine was proposed in the area to mine clay for cat litter. The strip mine happened anyway (Google Earth maps of the area clearly show the destruction caused by the mine) but not on the scale that was intended originally and a great many significant houses and lands continue to be preserved and excluded from the development that is transforming some of the area around the district. National Register properties Significant places listed individually on the National Register of Historic Places include: Boswell's Tavern, an important meeting place during the American Revolution and a well-preserved example of a Colonial-era tavern. Grassdale, an Italianate villa built in 1861 by the Morris family, later home of Rear Admiral David W. Taylor and his wife Imogene Morris Taylor. Green Springs, a late 18th-century house built by the Morris family near the springs that lent their name to the district. Hawkwood, an Italianate villa designed by prominent New York architect Alexander Jackson Davis for Richard Overton Morris, completed in 1855, gutted by fire in 1982. Ionia, a late 18th-century -story frame house, original seat of the Watson family Westend, a temple-fronted plantation house with extant dependencies, built by the Morris family. Major historic properties Major historic properties in the district include: Barton House is an early 19th-century -story frame house built by the Barton family. Belle Monte is a Federal style two-story house built