of species, manifested by different populations and incipient species. George Romanes later adopted this terminology during his evolutionary studies. Gulick later proposed general geographic models of speciation, and disputed Moritz Wagner's more extreme claims that geographic speciation was the only possible route to speciation. Romanes said of Gulick:...to his essays on the subject I attribute a higher value than to any other work in the field of Darwinian thought since the date of Darwin's death. Criticism Gulick reported collecting 44,500 Hawaiian snails in just three years. Some were of no scientific value because he did not record where they were obtained. Of many of the species he collected, no similar species remain in the wild today. Some modern observers attribute the extinction of many endemic Hawaiian snail species to him and fellow collectors such as his schoolmate David Dwight Baldwin. Family tree Works References External links 1832 births 1923 deaths American expatriates in China American expatriates in Japan American expatriates in the United Kingdom American malacologists American naturalists Evolutionary biologists People from Kauai County, Hawaii Williams College alumni