century) N Nagarjuna, (c. 200) Muhammad al-Nasafi (died 943) Ibrahim an-Nazzam (died 835/45) Nemesius of Emesa, (fl. c. 400) Numenius of Apamea, (2nd century) O Olympiodorus the Younger, (495 – 570)* Origen of Alexandria, (c. 182 – c. 251) P Pelagius, (c. 360 – c. 435) Peter the Iberian, (411 – 491) Peter of Pisa, (744 – 799) Joannes Philoponus, (early 6th century) Philostratus, (2nd – 3rd centuries) Photios I of Constantinople, (c. 810 – c. 893)78 Plotinus, (died 270) Mestrius Plutarch of Chaeronia, (c. 45 – c. 120) Porphyry, (c. 232 – c. 304) Prabhākara, (c. 7th century) Proclus, (412 – 487) Prudentius of Troyes, (died 861) Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, (5th century) Ptolemy, (c. 85 – c. 165) Q Abd al-Karīm ibn Hawāzin Qushayri, (986 – 1072) Qusta ibn Luqa, (died 912) R Rabanus Maurus (or Hrabanus Maurus), (c. 783 – 856) Ratramnus, (died c. 868) Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi (or Rhazes), (865–925) Abu Hatim al-Razi, (died c. 934) Remigius of Auxerre, (c. 841 – 908) S Saadia Gaon, (892 – 942) Ahmad ibn al-Tayyib al-Sarakhsi, (c. 835 – 899) Sedulius Scottus, (fl. 840s – 860s) Sengzhao, (384 – 414) Sextus Empiricus, (2nd/3rd century) Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi`i, (767 – 819) Sibawayh, (c. 760 – c. 796) Siddhasena Divākara, (5th century) Adi Shankara, (788 – 820) Abu Sulayman Muhammad al-Sijistani, (c. 932 – c. 1000) Abu Yaqub al-Sijistani, (10th century) Simplicius of Cilicia, (early 6th century)* Syrianus, (5th century)* T Abu Hayyan al-Tawhidi, (c. 930 – 1023) Tertullian, (c. 160 – c. 220) Thābit ibn Qurra, (c. 830 – 901) Themistius, (317 – 387) Theodore Abu-Qurrah, (c. 750 – c. 816) U Udayana, (c. 10th century) Uddyotakara, (6th century) Uisang, (625 – 702) Umāsvāti or Umasvami, (c. 2nd century) V Vācaspati Miśra (c. 9th century) Valentinius (or Valentinus), (c. 100 – c. 153) Valluvar (undated; probably c. 300 BCE to 400 CE) Vasubandhu, (4th century) Vasugupta, (860 – 925) Vatsyayana, (5th century) W Walafrid Strabo, (c. 808 – 849) Wang Bi, (226 – 249) Wang Ch'ung, (27–97) Wasil ibn Ata, (700 – 748) Wonchuk, (613 – 696) Wonhyo Daisa, (617 – 686) X Y Yahya ibn 'Adi, (893 – 974) Z Zhiyi, (538 – 597) Zongmi, (780 – 841) See also List of philosophers List of philosophers born in the centuries BC List of philosophers born in the 11th through 14th centuries List of philosophers born in