and especially palaeography are other major parameters to be taken into account. In this context Houben observed: "it is difficult to derive a linear chronological difference from the observed linguistic variation," and therefore it is necessary to "take quite seriously the judgement of palaeographists such as Richard Salomon who observed that, what he teleologically called “Proto-Śāradā,” “first emerged around the middle of the seventh century” (Salomon 1998: 40). This excludes the earlier dates attributed to manuscript folios on which a fully developed form of Śāradā appears." See also Birch bark manuscript Bakhshali approximation Indian mathematics Zero (number) Notes References Bibliography Plofker, Kim; Agathe Keller; Takao Hayashi; Clemency Montelle; and Dominik Wujastyk. "The Bakhshālī Manuscript: A Response to the Bodleian Library’s Radiocarbon Dating" History of Science in South Asia, 5.1: 134-150. Further reading with complete text in Devanagari, 110 pages External links The Bakhshali manuscript, MacTutor History of Mathematics archive Ch. 6 – The Bakhshali manuscript (Ian G. Pearce, Indian Mathematics: Redressing the balance) Hoernle: On the Bakhshali Manuscript, 1887, archive.org "A Big Zero: Research uncovers the date of the Bakhshali Manuscript", YouTube video, University of Oxford Plofker, Kim, Agathe Keller, Takao Hayashi, Clemency Montelle, and Dominik Wujastyk. 2017. “The Bakhshālī Manuscript: A Response to the Bodleian Library’s Radiocarbon Dating”. History of Science in South Asia 5 (1). 134-50. https://doi.org/10.18732/H2XT07. Challenges the claims made in the YouTube video "A Big Zero." 1881 archaeological discoveries Bodleian Library collection History of Pakistan Indian mathematics Mathematics manuscripts