Philosophers born in the centuries BC (and others important in the history of philosophy), listed alphabetically: Note: This list has a minimal criterion for inclusion and the relevance to philosophy of some individuals on the list is disputed. A Aenesidemus, (1st century BC) Agastya,(c.1000 BCE) Alcibiades, (c. 450-404 BC) Alcmaeon of Croton, (5th century BC) Anacharsis, (6th century BC) Anaxagoras, (died 462 BC)* Anaxarchus, (fl. 340 BC) Anaxilaus, (1st century BC) Anaximander, (c. 610-c. 546 BC) Anaximenes of Miletus, (585-525 BC) Andronicus of Rhodes, (c. 70 BC) Angiras, (c. 11th century BC) Anniceris, (fl. 300 BC) Akspada Gautama,(8th century bc) Antiochus of Ascalon, (c. 130-68 BC) Antiphon, (480-403 BC) Antisthenes, (c. 444-365 BC) Arcesilaus, (316-241 BC) Archimedes, (d. 212 BC) Archytas, (428-347 BC) Aristippus the Elder of Cyrene, (c. 435-366 BC) Aristo of Chios, (fl. 250 BC) Aristotle, (384 BC-322 BC) Aristoxenus, (4th century BC) Asclepiades of Bithynia, (129-40 BC) Ashvapati, (c. 1000 BC) Ashtavakra, (c. 1000 BC) Titus Pomponius Atticus, (110-32 BC) B Bādarāyaņa, (c. 3rd century BC) Blossius, (2nd century BC) Gautama Buddha, (6th century BC) C Callicles, (late 5th century BC) Carneades, (c. 214-129 BC) Cārvāka, (c. 200-150 BC) Cebes of Thebes, (5th century BC) Chaerephon, (c. 460-c. 400 BC) Chanakya (or Kautilya) (321-296 BC) Chao Cuo (c. 200-154 BC) Chia Yi (or Jia Yi or Chia I), (201-169 BC) Chrysippus, (279-207 BC) Cicero, (106 BC-43 BC) Cleanthes, (301-232 BC) Cleobulus, (fl. 560 BC) Clitomachus, (187-109 BC) Confucius, (551 BC-479 BC) Crantor, (4th century BC) Crates of Thebes, (4th century BC) Cratylus of Athens, (c. 400 BC) D Democritus, (born 460 BC) Dirghatamas (14th century BCE) Deng Xi (501 BC) Diagoras, (5th century BC) Dandamis (4th Century BCE) Diodorus Cronus, (3rd century BC) Diogenes Apolloniates, (c. 460 BC) Diogenes the Cynic of Sinope, (412-323 BC) Dong Zhongshu (or Tung Chung-shu), (c. 176-c. 104 BC) E Ellopion of Peparethus, (4th century BC) Empedocles, (490 BC-430 BC) Epicharmus, (c. 540-450 BC) Epicurus, (341 BC-270 BC) Epimenides, (6th century BC) Eubulides of Miletus, (4th century BC) Euclid of Alexandria, (c. 323-283 BC) Euclid of Megara, (c. 400 BC) Eudoxus of Cnidus, (410 or 408 BC-355 or 347 BC) F G Gaozi, (c. 420 BC) Gautama, Aksapada, (c. 2nd century BC) Gautama, Siddhartha (or Buddha), (ca. 563-483 BC) Gargi Vachaknavi (8th century BCE) Geminus, (c. 110-c. 40 BC) Gongsun Longzi, (c. 300 BC) Ghosha (8th century BCE) Gorgias, (c. 483-375 BC)