Atatürk, the founder of the modern Turkish state is seen as a controversial figure. His efforts to westernize Turkey have led to mixed results. References External links The Black Book by Orhan Pamuk, reviewed by Ted Gioia (Postmodern Mystery) [http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/three-authors-in-search-of-a-body-the-black-book-by-orhan-pamuk-trs-guneli-gun-faber-pounds-1499-1595971.html A review of the book in The Independent [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2006/aug/06/shopping.orhanpamuk A review of the book in The Observer 1990 novels Novels by Orhan Pamuk Novels set in Istanbul Postmodern novels