death after a car accident. Victoria Eugenie's two daughters, Infantas Beatriz (1909–2002) and Maria Cristina of Spain (1911–1996), both have living descendants none of whom has been known to have or to transmit haemophilia. Prince Leopold of Battenberg (1889–1922); later Lord Leopold Mountbatten. Died at age 32 during a hip operation. Prince Maurice of Battenberg (1891–1914). Killed in action in World War I at the age of 23. Maurice's haemophilia is disputed by various sources: It seems unlikely that a known haemophiliac would be allowed to serve in combat. Today No living member of the present or past reigning dynasties of Europe is known to have symptoms of haemophilia or is believed to carry the gene for it. The last descendant of Victoria known to have the disease was Infante Gonzalo, born in 1914, although hundreds of descendants of Queen Victoria's (including males descended only through females) have been born since 1914. However, because the haemophilia gene usually remains hidden in females who only inherit the gene from one parent, and female descendants of Victoria have left many descendants in royal and noble families, there remains a small chance that the disease could appear again, especially among the female-line Spanish descendants of Princess Beatrice. Chronological order Queen Victoria died in 1901 and outlived her youngest son and a grandson, both of whom had the disease. The gene can be passed down the female line without a haemophiliac son being born, but as the family line continues and no haemophiliac sons are born, it becomes less likely that a certain ancestor had the gene and passed it on through the female line. Type of haemophilia discovered Because the last known descendant of Queen Victoria with haemophilia died in the 1940s, the exact type of haemophilia found in this family remained unknown until 2009. Using genetic analysis of the remains of the assassinated Romanov dynasty, and specifically Tsarevich Alexei, Rogaev et al. were able to determine that the "Royal Disease" is actually haemophilia B. Specifically, they found a single-nucleotide change in the gene for clotting Factor IX that causes incorrect RNA splicing and produces a truncated, nonfunctional protein. Notes References and external links Potts, D. M. Queen Victoria's Gene. Sutton Publishing, 1999. . "Hemophilia: The Royal Disease" Yelena Aronova-Tiuntseva and Clyde Freeman Herreid Family tree of Queen Victoria and her descendants Haemophilia in Queen Victoria's Descendants. European royalty Late modern Europe Haemophilia