to rise, Cochranea became isolated on the western side of the Andes while Tournefortia grew on the eastern side. This east-west division is still true of each group’s present distributions. The rise of the Andes affected the climate of the region and is believed to have contributed to the hyperaridity of the Atacama Desert, something that could have acted as an additional barrier to filter out other Heliotropium species into the range of Cochranea, thus promoting Cochranea speciation. Elevation differences would have also acted as barriers that helped promote speciation in Tournefortia species as many large groups within Tournefortia became well-adapted to high-elevation environments while other Heliotropium clades did not and thus could not coinhabit the same environments as Tournefortia. Selected species Heliotropium amplexicaule Vahl – clasping heliotrope, summer heliotrope, blue heliotrope Heliotropium anderssonii Heliotropium angiospermum Heliotropium anomalum Hook. & Arn. – Polynesian heliotrope, Pacific heliotrope (Pacific Islands) Heliotropium anomalum var. argenteum – hinahina kū kahakai (Hawaii) Heliotropium arborescens – garden heliotrope, common heliotrope, cherry pie Heliotropium argenteum Heliotropium asperrimum R.Br. Heliotropium balfourii Heliotropium bracteatum R.Br. Heliotropium conocarpum F.Muell. ex Benth. Heliotropium crispatum F.Muell. ex Benth. Heliotropium diversifolium F.Muell. ex Benth. Heliotropium chenopodiaceum (A.DC.) Clos. Heliotropium claussenii DC. Heliotropium curassavicum L. – seaside heliotrope, salt heliotrope, monkey tail, quail plant, Chinese parsley; cola de mico (Spanish) Heliotropium dentatum Heliotropium derafontense Heliotropium ellipticum Heliotropium epacrideum F.Muell. ex Benth. Heliotropium europaeum L. – European heliotrope, European turnsole (Europe, Asia, and North Africa) Heliotropium fasciculatum R.Br. Heliotropium flintii F.Muell. ex A.S.Mitch. Heliotropium foertherianum Diane & Hilger – tree heliotrope, velvet soldierbush, octopus bush (South Asia, East Asia, Melanesia, western Polynesia, northern Australia) Heliotropium foliatum R.Br. Heliotropium glabellum R.Br. Heliotropium heteranthum (F.Muell.) Ewart & O.B.Davies Heliotropium indicum L. – Indian turnsole Heliotropium kuriense Heliotropium laceolatum Loefg. Heliotropium lineariifolium Phil. Heliotropium megalanthumn I.M.Johnst. Heliotropium nigricans Heliotropium paniculatum R.Br. Heliotropium pannifolium – St. Helena heliotrope (Saint Helena) (extinct, c. 1820) Heliotropium pauciflorum R.Br. Heliotropium paulayanum Heliotropium pleiopterum F.Muell. Heliotropium popovii Heliotropium prostratum R.Br. Heliotropium ramosissimum Heliotropium riebeckii Heliotropium shoabense Heliotropium sinuatum (Miers) I.M.Johnst. Heliotropium socotranum Heliotropium stenophyllum Heliotropium strigosum Willd. Heliotropium tenellum Heliotropium ventricosum R.Br. Heliotropium wagneri Heliotropium aff. wagneri (Samhah, Yemen) Formerly included here Chrozophora tinctoria (as H. tricoccum) Tournefortia gnaphalodes (L.) R.Br. ex Roem. & Schult. (as H. gnaphalodes L.) See also Turnsole Heliotrope (disambiguation) References External links A Heliotrope at Gardener's Path Picture of Heliotropium chenopodiaceum at Chileflora