Javorník (; ) is a town in Jeseník District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,700 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone. Administrative parts Villages of Bílý Potok, Horní Hoštice, Travná and Zálesí are administrative parts of Javorník. Etymology The town's name is derived from javor, i.e. "maple". Geography Javorník is located on the border with Poland. The town proper is situated in the valley of the Javornický Creek. The larger part of the municipal territory lies in the Golden Mountains, the eastern part lies in the Silesian Lowlands. The Borůvková hora Mountain on the Czech-Polish border is the highest point of Javorník, with an altitude of . History 13–14th centuries The first written mention of Javorník is from 1290. However, it was probably established earlier, because the Church of the Holy Cross dates from the 1260s. A medieval fortress was built here at the turn of the 13th and 14th century and was first mentioned in 1307. The village and then the castle were owned by the Bishopric in Wrocław. Part of the settlement in the castle grounds gradually took on an urban character, and in 1373 Javorník was first mentioned as a town, although it was not granted town privileges until 1549. 15–17th centuries In 1428, during the Hussite Wars, Javorník and its fortress were conquered by the Hussites, who held it until 1432. In 1432, Javorník was returned to the bishops of Wrocław. In 1509, when Prince-Bishop Johann V Thurzo came to power, new development occurred. He had rebuilt the fortress into a Renaissance castle, known as Jánský Vrch. He also helped develop silver mining and establish hammer mills in the area. In 1576, most of the houses were destroyed by a fire. Worse disasters came in the 17th century, when the town was hit by Swedish incursions during the Thirty Years' War and the plague epidemic. However, the town soon recovered, even though it was considered ugly. Unlike other towns in the area, Javorník avoided Northern Moravia witch trials. 18th–19th centuries In the 1720s, new representative building were built in Javorník, which reflected economic prosperity. The development of the town was stopped by the Silesian Wars. After the Prussian victory in the First Silesian War in 1742, Habsburg monarchy lost nearly all of its Silesian possessions. However, Javorník together