relations soured due to differences between the Left and Trotsky. In the meanwhile, Bordiga was kicked out of the party for refusing to condemn Trotsky. 1930–1940 With Bordiga under continuous police surveillance and isolated in Naples, the Left voted out of the party, it could only exist as an exile group. In 1938, the left fraction which was organized in several countries at this point formed the International Communist Left. History In 1943, the Internationalist Communist Party was founded as Partito Comunista Internazionalista in Italy around Onorato Damen and Bruno Maffi and was soon joined by the international fraction. They opposed the anti fascist partisans that fought the fascist Mussolini regime, leading to accusations of being German agents due to their opposition to anti-fascism. Nevertheless, the party managed to attract a portion of the partisans to their positions. Partito Comunista Internazionalista formed several federations, the leading ones being in Turin, Milan and Parma. It agitated in factories by forming "Internationalist Communist Factory Groups", advocating for the formation of workers' councils. In December 1945, Partito Comunista Internazionalista held its first national conference in Turin, now as a larger party. Bordiga was absent from this conference, since he did not become a member of the party until 1949, although he made individual contributions to it. In the congress, the hints about the future split in the Party appeared. Disagreements crystallized with Damen and Stefanini on one hand who were in favor of participation in elections and democratic centralism and the supporters of Bordiga who was for abstentionism and organic centralism. Partito Comunista Internazionalista kept growing, claiming to possess 13 federations and 72 sections. Splits broke out in the party regarding achieving socialism through reform, approach to trade unions, and support for national liberation. In 1952, a majority supported Damen, who rejected any hope of conquering the unions and any support for national liberation, against a Bordiga who still defended the positions of the Communist International on these issues. In 1952, there were two Partito Comunista Internazionalistas in Italy, both laying claim to Lenin and the Italian communist left. The party led by Bordiga soon started publishing Il Programma Comunista where the majority group held on to Prometeo and Battaglia Comunista. The party (publishing Il Programma Comunista) took the name International Communist Party soon after the split. In 1964, a new split gave its birth named as Rivoluzione Comunista (RC) which made its