on 13 September. Bretagne, under Dampierre, blockaded Gibraltar until 10 October, when a gale damaged her rigging, killing a helmsman and ripping anchors from the ship. On 13 October 1782, the fleet moved to intercept a British squadron, resulting in the Battle of Cape Spartel on 20 where Bretagne sustained 5 men wounded. Bretagne then returned to Cadiz harbour in preparation for an expedition to America under Admiral d'Estaing, but by then the Peace of Paris had been concluded and Bretagne returned to Brest. Bretagne was refitted in Brest in 1788 until the end of the year. The poop deck was removed to improve stability. French Revolutionary Wars Bretagne was refitted in Brest from 1792 to June 1793, 6 obusiers de vaisseau being added that year. Under Captain Joseph de Richery, she became the flagship of Admiral Jean-Amable Lelarge. In September 1793, her crew was involved in the Quibéron mutinies; in reaction Jeanbon Saint-André had Lelarge destitued and Richery arrested, and Bretagne renamed to Révolutionnaire. Captain Daniel Vandongen took command of Révolutionnaire and put her in good order. By 19 June 1794, she was coppered and fully armed. On 16 May 1794, the fleet departed Brest. On 28, the British and French squadrons met, leading to the skirmishes that would culminate into the so-called Glorious First of June. The French line of battle was set in reverse order, and Révolutionnaire found herself at the rear, last ship in the line. She came in action against five or six 74-gun ships, notably HMS Russell, Bellerophon, Audacious and Leviathan, sustaining heavy damage and casualties. At 0930, a shot killed Captain Vandongen; as the first lieutenant was severely wounded and the second lieutenant has already been killed, third Lieutenant Renaudeau assumed command, but he too was incapacitated almost immediately, and Fourth Lieutenant Dorré had to take over. Révolutionnaire was isolated and defenceless, and avoided captured mostly thanks to Admiral Howe's order to his ships to regroup. In the night, Révolutionnaire lost her mizen and her mainmast. The next day, she met Audacieux and Unité, of Nielly's squadron; Audacieux took Révolutionnaire in tow and brought her to Île-d'Aix, where she arrived on 8 June with 160 crewmembers killed or wounded. Révolutionnaire was fully repaired and rigged anew at Île-d'Aix, which entailed the construction of a workshop specially for that purpose, as well as bringing all parts from Rochefort. She was ready again on 7