effective video bandwidth, using CVT-R2 timings, allows eight simultaneous 1080p displays (1920 × 1080) @ 60Hz, stereoscopic 4K UHD (3840 × 2160) @ 120Hz, or 5120 × 2880 @ 60Hz each using 24 bit RGB, and up to 8K UHD (7680 × 4320) @ 60Hz using 4:2:0 subsampling Designed to work for internal chip-to-chip communication Aimed at replacing internal FPD-Link links to display panels with a unified link interface Compatible with low-voltage signaling used with sub-micron CMOS fabrication Can drive display panels directly, eliminating scaling and control circuits and allowing for cheaper and slimmer displays Link training with adjustable amplitude and preemphasis adapts to differing cable lengths and signal quality Reduced bandwidth transmission for cable, at least 1920 × 1080p @ 60Hz at 24 bits per pixel Full bandwidth transmission for High-speed auxiliary channel for DDC, EDID, MCCS, DPMS, HDCP, adapter identification etc. traffic Can be used for transmitting bi-directional USB, touch-panel data, CEC, etc. Self-latching connector Comparison with HDMI Although DisplayPort has much of the same functionality as HDMI, it is a complementary connection used in different scenarios. A dual-mode DisplayPort port can emit an HDMI signal via a passive adapter. As of 2008, HDMI Licensing, LLC charged an annual fee of US$10,000 to each high-volume manufacturer and a per-unit royalty rate of US$0.04 to US$0.15. DisplayPort is royalty-free, but implementers thereof are not prevented from charging (royalty or otherwise) for that implementation. DisplayPort 1.2 has more bandwidth at 21.6Gbit/s (17.28Gbit/s with overhead removed) as opposed to HDMI 2.0's 18Gbit/s (14.4Gbit/s with overhead removed). DisplayPort 1.3 raises that to 32.4Gbit/s (25.92Gbit/s with overhead removed), and HDMI 2.1 raises that up to 48Gbit/s (42.67Gbit/s with overhead removed), adding an additional TMDS link in place of clock lane. DisplayPort also has the ability to share this bandwidth with multiple streams of audio and video to separate devices. DisplayPort has historically had higher bandwidth than the HDMI standard available at the same time. The only exception is from HDMI 2.1 (2017) having higher transmission bandwidth @48Gbit/s than DisplayPort 1.3 (2014) @32.4Gbit/s. DisplayPort 2.0 (2019) retook transmission bandwidth superiority @80.0Gbit/s. DisplayPort in native mode lacks some HDMI features such as Consumer Electronics Control (CEC) commands. The CEC bus allows linking multiple sources with a single display and controlling any of these devices from any remote. DisplayPort 1.3 added the possibility of transmitting CEC commands over the AUX channel From its very first version