research a variety of mathematical concepts, such as non-equilibrium systems, constructing non-linear systems of arbitrary complexity, emergent chaotic dynamics, and discovering new dynamic behavior. They are often used in researching systemics, a trans-disciplinary, scientific field that studies natural systems. The goal of systemics researchers is to develop a conceptual and mathematical framework necessary to analyze, model, and understand systems, including, but not limited to, atomic, mechanical, molecular, chemical, biological, ecological, social and economic systems. Topics explored are emergence, collective behavior, local activity and its impact on global behavior, and quantifying the complexity of an approximately spatial and topologically invariant system. With another definition of complexity (MIT professor Seth Lloyd has identified 32 different definitions of complexity), it can potentially be mathematically advantageous when analyzing systems such as economic and social systems. Notes References The Chua Lectures: A 12-Part Series with Hewlett Packard Labs D. Balya, G, Tímar, G. Cserey, and T. Roska, "A New Computational Model for CNN-UMs and its Computational Complexity", Int’l Workshop on Cellular Neural Networks and Their Applications, 2004. L. Chua and L. Yang, "Cellular Neural Networks: Theory," IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems, 35(10):1257-1272, 1988. L. Chua and L. Yang, "Cellular Neural Networks: Applications" IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems, 35(10):1273:1290, 1988. L. Chua, T. Roska, Cellular Neural Networks and Visual Computing: Foundations and Applications, 2005. V. Cimagalli, M. Balsi, "Cellular Neural Networks: A Review", Neural Nets WIRN Vietri, 1993. S. Majorana and L. Chua, "A Unified Framework for Multilayer High Order CNN", Int’l Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications, 26:567-592, 1998. T. Roska, L. Chua, "The CNN Universal Machine: An Analogic Array Computer", IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems-II, 40(3): 163-172, 1993. T. Roska and L. Chua, "Cellular Neural Networks with Non-Linear and Delay-Type Template Elements and Non-Uniform Grids", Int’l Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications, 20:469-481, 1992. K. Yokosawa, Y. Tanji and M. Tanaka, "CNN with Multi-Level Hysteresis Quantization Output" Int’l Workshop on Cellular Neural Networks and Their Applications, 2006. T. Nakaguchi, K. Omiya and M. Tanaka, "Hysteresis Cellular Neural Networks for Solving Combinatorial Optimization Problems", Int’l Workshop on Cellular Neural Networks and Their Applications, 2006. K. Crounse, C. Wee and L. Chua, "Linear Spatial Filter Design for Implementation on the CNN Universal Machine", Int’l Workshop on Cellular Neural Networks and Their Applications, 2000. J. Poikonen1 and A. Paasio, "Mismatch-Tolerant Asynchronous Grayscale Morphological Reconstruction", Int’l Workshop on Cellular Neural Networks and Their Applications, 2005.