were open to these cultural influences, and the "hostiles" (or "Traditionalists" led by Yukiuma) who opposed them (those who desired to preserve Hopi ways) led to an event called the "Oraibi Split" in 1906. Tribal leaders on differing sides of the schism engaged in a bloodless competition to determine the outcome, which resulted in the expulsion of the hostiles (traditionalists), who left to found the village of Hotevilla. Subsequent efforts by the displaced residents to reintegrate resulted in an additional split, with the second group founding Bacavi. With the loss of much of its population, Oraibi lost its place as the center of Hopi culture. Although the Hopi tribal constitution, maneuvered into being by the coal mining interests in 1939, provides each village with a seat on the tribal council, Hotevilla, where most of the traditional Hopi settled, has declined to elect a representative and maintains independence from the tribal council. Kykotsmovi Village is now the seat of the Hopi tribal government. Today In spite of the "friendly" ("New Hopi") outcome of the Oraibi Split, Old Oraibi has since maintained a more traditional Hopi way of life and has resisted the adoption of the more modern culture visible in Kykotsmovi. While visitors to the pueblo are welcomed (a short road connects to Arizona State Route 264), the residents tend to be very private and do not allow photographs to be taken in the town. There are thus few ground-level photographs of the settlement as it exists in the modern day. (Public satellite imagery is, however, readily available.) Old Oraibi is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964. Cultural references Oraibi features prominently in an extended essay by Aby Warburg, Schlangenritual: Ein Reisebericht, a transcript of a lecture given in Kreuzlingen, Switzerland in 1923 (English translation "Images from the Region of the Pueblo Indians of North America"; also translated into many other languages). Warburg visited Oraibi in 1896 and with the help of Henry Voth attended a ritual spring dance. He found in the symbolism of the Hopi, in particular the snake symbol, a key to understanding similar symbols in other cultures. Warburg took several pictures of Oraibi and of the Hopi ceremonies. Hopi life in Oraibi is also described in Don C. Talayesva's autobiography, Sun chief, the Autobiography of a Hopi Indian. Talayesva was born in Oraibi in 1890, where