book that would later be translated into English under the title Evolution above the species level. The book discussed how the evolutionary mechanisms that drove speciation could also explain the differences between higher taxa. He introduced the concept of Artenkreis (which Mayr translated as a "superspecies" and defined as "a monophyletic group of closely related and largely or entirely allopatric species”). It was considered a major document in the modern synthesis. That same year he became chairman of the zoology department and director of the zoological institute at the University of Münster. In 1953 he would take part in a zoological expedition to India. Later in his career he would work extensively in the areas of animal behavior (ethology), learning, and memory. Rensch also wrote on human behaviour and he suggested that the human evolutionary connection with organisms would lead to sympathy. He published an autobiography in 1979 and remained scientifically active until his death in 1990. Biological rules Rensche sought out universal patterns in biology. He was responsible for naming Allen's Rule and Gloger's Rule, and proposed what is now called Rensch's rule in 1950. It is an allometric law about the relationship between sexual size dimorphism and which sex is larger. It observes that across species size dimorphism increases with increasing body size when the male is the larger sex, and decreases with increasing average body size when the female is the larger sex. Awards and recognition He was awarded the Linnean Society of London's prestigious Darwin-Wallace Medal in 1958. Since 2004, the Society for Biological Systematics (GfBS, Germany) has awarded the Bernhard Rensch prize for achievements of young scientists, writing in German or English, in the field of systematics and biodiversity research. A species of Indonesian lizard, Cryptoblepharus renschi, is named in his honor. Works This is a select list of books alone and includes English translations. (1930) Eine biologische Reise nach den kleinen Sunda-Inseln. Berlin: Bornträger (1947) (1947) Evolution above the Species Level. London: Methuen. (German original 1947; 3rd enlarged ed. 1972.) (1971) Biophilosophy. New York: Columbia University Press. (German original 1968.) (1972) Homo sapiens: From Man to Demigod. London: Methuen. (German original 1959.) (1973) Gedächtnis, Begriffsbildung und Planhandlungen bei Tieren. Berlin: Parey. (1979) Lebensweg eines Biologen in einem turbulenten Jahrhundert. Stuttgart: Fischer. (1979) Gesetzlichkeit, psychophysischer Zusammenhang, Willensfreiheit und Ethik. Berlin: Duncker and Humblot. (1984) Psychologische Grundlagen der Wertung bildender Kunst. Essen: Die blaue Eule. (1985)