1783, the Cardinal Duke of York finally discovered the truth. In early May, Alfieri left Rome and Louise, in order to avoid being expelled by force. In November 1780, Louise formally left Charles, moving first to a convent and then eventually her brother-in-laws estate. In April 1784, Charles was induced by King Gustav III of Sweden to grant Louise a decree of separation. The couple did not divorce, since no such legal procedure existed in the Papal States, but Louise was thereby legally permitted to live separately from her husband, even though she had been doing so for time. The pope agreed also that Louise should receive half of Charles's pension. In June 1784, Louise left Rome, purportedly to summer at the baths of Baden. In August, she was reunited with Alfieri at Colmar. They spent the next two months together at the castle of Martinsburg. In order to continue to keep their meeting secret from the Cardinal-Duke of York (who was the chief source of Louise's income), they separated again, and Louise spent the winter of 1784/1785 in Bologna. She summered in Paris before returning to Martinsburg, where she was joined again by Alfieri in September. After two months, Louise returned to Paris. In 1786, the Cardinal-Duke of York learnt of the continued, ongoing relationship between Louise and Alfieri which he thought had ended. This caused a complete rupture between Louise and her brother-in-law. Henceforth, she made no attempt to hide her relationship with Alfieri. From December 1786 onwards, they lived together as a couple, with only occasional and brief separations. On the last day of January 1788, Louise's husband Charles died. This resulted in a substantial improvement in her financial situation, thanks to a previously agreed pension from the King of France. Although Louise now had the freedom to marry Alfieri, they did not regularise their relationship, since Alfieri had always opposed the institution of marriage. They lived at first together in Paris. There, Louise established a famous salon in her home, to which the most important writers, artists, and intellectuals were invited. They remained in France during the early stages of the French Revolution in 1789, but then proceeded to England for safety. While in England, she was received by the Royal Family but under the title "Princess Louise of Stolberg-Gedern". Alfieri and her explored London and toured the West Country of England before returning again to