of reference, it is important to distinguish between the "Motobu-ryū" which Chōsei teaches, and "Motobu Udundi", the unique style of the Motobu family, which bears a resemblance to aikijutsu. Now Chōsei Motobu is the second Sōke of Motobu-ryū and the 14th Sōke of Motobu Udundi. Motobu's karate is characterized by its emphasis on kumite as well as kata. He learned kakidi (kakede in Japanese), an ancient form of kumite from Sakuma and Kōsaku Matsumora, and it is practiced at Motobu-ryū to this day. He also favored kumite matches based on this kakidi form, called kakidamishi (kakedameshi in Japanese). kakidamishi is often mistaken for brawling, but it was a rules-based kumite match. Motobu published a series of kumite drills in 1926. These are among the earliest kumite drills. In these drills, Motobu drew on the theory of Naihanchi kata, which he emphasized, as well as on his experience in practicing kakidi and kakidamishi. Below are some of his ideas regarding the kata: "The position of the legs and hips in Naifuanchin (the old name for Naihanchi) no Kata is the basics of karate." "Twisting to the left or right from the Naifuanchin stance will give you the stance used in a real confrontation. Twisting one's way of thinking about Naifuanchin left and right, the various meanings in each movement of the kata will also become clear." "The blocking hand must be able to become the attacking hand in an instant. Blocking with one hand and then countering with the other is not true bujutsu. Real bujutsu presses forward and blocks and counters in the same motion." Motobu trained many students who went on to become noteworthy practitioners of karate in their own right, including: Nakamura Shigeru, founder of Okinawa Kenpo Tatsuo Yamada, founder of Nihon Kenpo Karate-dō Sannosuke Ueshima, founder of Kushin-ryū Yasuhiro Konishi, founder of Shindō jinen-ryū Kōsei Kokuba (Japanese: Yukimori Kuniba), founder of Seishin Kai Hironori Ōtsuka, founder of Wadō-ryū Tatsuo Shimabuku, founder of Isshin-ryū Shōshin Nagamine, founder of Matsubayashi-ryū Katsuya Miyahira, founder of Shōrin-ryū Shidōkan See also Pechin/Peichin Notes References Noble, Graham. "Master Motobu Choki: A Real Fighter." Dragon-Times, 2003 External links Motobu-ryū Okinawan Karate and World Peace The Hawaii Karate Seinenkai Salutes: Shoshin Nagamine Techniques of the Masters: Shoshin Nagamine Akari-ki Karate: Nagamine Shugyokan Shorin Ryu Dojo “Karate Ni Sente Nashi” á la Motobu Choki Okinawan male karateka Motobu,Choki Motobu,Choki Motobu,Choki sv:Motobu Chōyū