Japanese military against women who were forced into prostitution during World War II. Nanking Massacre Widespread atrocities were committed by the Imperial Japanese Army in and around Nanking (now Nanjing), China, after the capital's fall to Japanese troops on 13 December 1937. This event and associated atrocities breeds considerable anger in many Chinese today. The Japanese textbook in question only briefly mentions the atrocities committed and refers to Nanking Massacre as follows: many Chinese soldiers and civilians were killed or wounded by Japanese troops (the Nanking Incident). Documentary evidence has raised doubts about the actual number of victims claimed by the incident. The debate continues even today" (p. 49). While the use of the word "incident" is standard Japanese historiographical terminology for focal events, such as Tiananmen "Incident" (天安門事件) rather than massacre, it is objected to by Chinese as a deliberate playing down of the events in question. Japan's membership in the UN Security Council Another contributing to the spark in anti-Japanese sentiment in 2005 was Japan's bid for permanent membership on the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). Japanese Foreign Minister Aichi first applied for permanent member status in 1969, but failed to win support from the international community. In September 2004, the G4 nations (Brazil, Germany, India and Japan) issued a joint declaration supporting each other's bids for permanent membership status on the UNSC.. Current P5 members France and the United Kingdom supported their bid, but there was strong sentiment against the idea from Japan's Far Eastern neighbors, including P5 member, China.. Suggestions have been made that affording Japan too much power on an international level could result in the re-emergence of Japanese imperialism, and that Japan should not be given a seat given what many consider to be a lack of repentance for their wartime atrocities. Comfort women Comfort women were women who worked as sex slaves in brothels in Japanese-occupied countries during World War II. There is much controversy surrounding this subject namely, to what extent the women were forced and to who moral culpability falls on. On one side, some groups in Japan claimed that prior to Japanese expansion, brothels always existed in the eastern and southeastern regions of Asia in order to service European and American sailors and merchant vessels. According to Bradley Martin, a journalist and expert on Korean history, claims the majority of comfort women actually volunteered to work in the brothels, as