to women, young adults, and rural populations. Pathfinder's programs also integrate HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment activities. The group has worked with UN Women, the UNFPA, the World Bank, and a number of other partners to organize different programs and projects. Pathfinder's programs in more than 15 countries in Africa and South Asia expand access to modern contraception and comprehensive abortion care, and improve adolescent and youth sexual and reproductive health, fostering gender equality and resilience. Locations Africa Burkina Faso Burundi Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of Congo Egypt Ethiopia Kenya Mozambique Niger Nigeria Tanzania Togo Uganda Asia and Pacific Bangladesh India Myanmar Pakistan Funding A little over half of the group's $130 million in funding came from the United States Agency for International Development in fiscal year 2019. In addition, the organization receives funding from multilateral organizations, private foundations, and individuals. As part of the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, U.S. government support for AIDS prevention was contingent on opposing prostitution starting in 2003. Pathfinder preferred to remain neutral so as not to alienate sex workers from its anti-HIV efforts, so it sued in federal court with other non-profit organizations. In 2013, the U.S. Supreme Court found that the requirement violated the First Amendment's prohibition against compelled speech in Agency for International Development v. Alliance for Open Society International, Inc. In early 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court returned with another ruling in favor of the Alliance for Open Society International. The latest decision affirmed a 2013 decision by the U.S. Supreme Court, which found that the government cannot tell its American grantees what they can and cannot say. Criticism Like many older birth control organizations, Pathfinder initially overlapped with the eugenics movement. The founder, Clarence Gamble, was a member of Human Betterment League of North Carolina and advocated forced sterilization of mental patients. During the 1970s, the organization was accused of distributing unsafe contraceptives. Specifically, Pathfinder continued to distribute the Dalkon Shield internationally after it had been withdrawn from the U.S. market due to high infection rates and used Depo-Provera when it was still considered experimental prior to FDA approval. References External links Non-Profit Report from GuideStar International medical and health organizations Watertown, Massachusetts Medical and health organizations based in Massachusetts HIV/AIDS prevention organizations Health charities in the United States Birth control providers Eugenics