only a kohen may declare purity or impurity. A non-kohen examiner may inform an accompanying inexpert kohen of his determination that a negah is or is not tzaraath and the kohen declares "purity" or "impurity". Nega'im do not render impurity on parts of the body that are naturally concealed by other parts of the body according to specific regulations. For skin eruptions on the legs, men are inspected standing as though they are hoeing and women standing as though they are rolling dough. For eruptions on the arms, men raise their arms as though they are picking olives and women raise their arms as though they are weaving or spinning. Nega'im do not render gentiles impure. A groom is exempt from visiting the kohen until the eighth day after his wedding for any nega'im on his flesh, garments or house. Similarly, there are no inspections carried out on the days of Passover, Shavuot or Sukkot. Even on the days when inspections are performed, they are only allowed for two hours each day: during the fourth and eighth hour of the day (corresponding roughly to 9–10 AM and 2–3 PM). The metzora: management of tzaraath of human flesh The individual who is declared impure with tzaraath is referred to as either a tzarua (צרוע) or a metzora (מצורע). The metzora is shunned and must live alone outside the confines of the community (Leviticus 13:46) The metzora tears his or her garments in mourning like those who are in mourning for a close family member and does not cut his or her hair. The metzora must also cover his or her face until the upper lip in the fashion of mourners, and he or she calls out "impure, impure" to warn others to keep their distance. They were required to wear torn clothes, keep their hair unkempt, cover the lower part of their face, cry out [ritually] impure, [ritually] impure, and reside away from other people. A few medical historians, such as Arturo Castiglioni, regard this as the first model of sanitary legislation. Nevertheless, several Talmudic laws treat tzaraath as noncontagious: non-Jewish victims of tzaraath were not considered ritually impure; in special circumstances (during a holy day, or for a bridegroom after his wedding) the cohen'''s inspection could be delayed until after the celebrations; in cases where white hair is a sign of tzaraat, if the white hairs were plucked before the