be taken for what it is worth. To France and to the world Gramont was responsible for the policy which put his country definitely into the wrong in the eyes of Europe, and enabled Bismarck to administer to her the "slap in the face" () as Gramont called it in the Chamber by means of the Bismarck-edited "Ems telegram," which was the immediate cause of the French declaration of war on the 15th. Later life After the defeat of Wissembourg (4 August) Gramont resigned his office with the rest of the Ollivier ministry (9 August), and after the revolution of September he went to England, returning after the war to Paris, where he died on 18 January 1880. During his retirement he published various apologies for his policy in 1870, notably (Paris, 1872). Personal life His marriage on 27 December 1848 to Emma Mary Mackinnon (1811–1891), daughter of William Alexander Mackinnon, 33rd Chief of the Scottish Clan Mackinnon, produced four children, including: Antoine Alfred Agénor de Gramont, 11th Duke of Gramont (1851–1925), who married Marguerite de Rothschild. After her death, he married Maria Ruspoli. Armand de Gramont, Duke of Lesparre (1854–1931), who married Hélène Louise Eugénie Duchesne de Gillevoisin. Antoine Albert de Gramont (1856–1915), who married Jeanne Marie Sabatier. He died in Paris on 18 January 1880. His widow died, also in Paris, on 15 November 1891. References Citations Cited sources External links Antoine Alfred Agénor, 10th duc de Gramont (1819-1880), French diplomat and statesman at the National Portrait Gallery, London 1819 births 1880 deaths People from Paris Dukes of Gramont French Foreign Ministers People of the Second French Empire École Polytechnique alumni Dukes of Guiche