Tzaraath (Hebrew: ṣāraʿaṯ), variously transcribed into English and frequently mistranslated as leprosy, describes various ritually unclean disfigurative conditions of the skin, hair of the beard and head, clothing made of linen or wool, or stones of homes in the Bible. All variations are mainly referred to in chapters 13–14 of Leviticus. The Torah identifies three manifestations of tzaraath: as an affliction of human skin, of garments, and of houses. The manifestation of tzaraath is termed a negah () "affliction", nega'im (plural: ). Name The Hebraic root tsara or tsaraath (צָרַע, – tsaw-rah' – to be struck with leprosy, to be leprous) and the Greek (λεπρός–lepros), are of broader classification than the more narrow use of the term related to Hansen's disease. The linguistic root of tzaraath may mean "smiting"; the Arabic cognate صرع has a similar meaning. Variant transcriptions into English include saraath, zaraath, tzaraas, tzaraat, tsaraas, and tsaraat. Tzaraath was a general term for any progressive skin disease (a whitening or splotchy bleaching of the skin, raised manifestations of scales, scabs, infections, rashes, etc.), as well as generalized molds and surface discoloration of any clothing, leather, or discoloration on walls or surfaces throughout homes. The Talmud maintains a similar view, arguing that tzaraath referred generally to any disease that produces sores and eruptions on the skin. The Talmud (Sifra 63) make clear that tzaraath refers to various types of lesions or stains associated with ritual impurity and occurring on cloth, leather, or houses, as well as skin. All came under the "law of leprosy". The editors of the Septuagint translated the term tzaraath with Greek lepra (), which in classical sources referred to psoriasis and similar skin conditions. The connection with the bacterial infection now known as Hansen's disease increased as this disease spread more widely and was firmly established by Islamic works on medicine in the 9th century. The classical Greek term lepra stems from the noun lepis (a scale (of a fish)), which in turn stems from the verb lepó (to peel), hence 'leprosy' (literally, morbid scaliness). Variants of the word leprosy conflating tzaraath with Hansen's disease were used from the earliest English translations of the Bible, including Wycliffe's, Tyndale's, and Coverdale's. Affliction of the body There are three varieties of nega'im that relate to human flesh: on the skin () in a boil () or burn () bald patches or lesions of the scalp or beard