that economic key positions now held by Jews are transferred to Christians as soon as possible". The government also allowed the left-wing opposition (except for the Communists) to function without much interference. In foreign affairs, Kállay supported the German war effort against the Soviet Union. However, he made numerous peaceful overtures to the Western Allies, even going as far as to promise to surrender to them unconditionally once they reached Hungary's borders. The Germans finally had enough of their ally's policies and occupied Hungary in March 1944, forcing Horthy to oust Kállay and replace him with the more pliable Döme Sztójay. Kállay was able to evade the Nazis at first, but he was eventually captured and sent first to the Dachau concentration camp and later to Mauthausen. In late April 1945 he was transferred to Tyrol together with other prominent concentration camp inmates, where the SS left the prisoners behind. He was liberated by the Fifth U.S. Army on 5 May 1945. In 1946 he went into exile, finally settling in the United States in 1951. In 1954, he published his memoirs, Hungarian Premier: A Personal Account of a Nation's Struggle in the Second World War (Columbia University Press). See also Diplomatic history of World War II Hungary in World War II References Sources Czettler, Antal. "Miklos Kallay's attempts to preserve Hungary's independence." Hungarian Quarterly 41.159 (2000): 88-103. Antal Ullein-Reviczky, Guerre Allemande, Paix Russe: Le Drame Hongrois. Neuchatel: Editions de la Baconniere, 1947. Nicholas Kállay, Hungarian premier: a personal account of a nation's struggle in the second world war; forew. by C. A. Macartney, New York : Columbia Univ. P., 1954. online review C A Macartney, October Fifteenth: A History of Modern Hungary, 1929–1945, 2 vols, Edinburgh University Press 1956–7. György Ránki, Unternehmen Margarethe: Die deutsche Besetzung Ungarns, Böhlau, 1984. Ignac Romsics, Hungary in the Twentieth Century, Budapest: Corvina, 1999.0 Antal Ullein-Reviczky, German War, Russian Peace: The Hungarian Tragedy. Translated by Lovice Mária Ullein-Reviczky. Reno, NV. Helena History Press, 2014. External links 1887 births 1967 deaths People from Nyíregyháza People from the Kingdom of Hungary Hungarian nobility Prime Ministers of Hungary Foreign ministers of Hungary Agriculture ministers of Hungary Miklos World War II political leaders Hungarian people of World War II Dachau concentration camp survivors Mauthausen concentration camp survivors Hungarian anti-communists Hungarian emigrants to the United States Heads of government who were later imprisoned Unity Party (Hungary) politicians