and at least six squads of OMSBON NKVD special troops as well as scouts and saboteurs. On 23 February 1943 Soviets began a new advance. They reached only limited success. All spring and summer 1943 the front was quite. Only local clashes took place in the area. At the end of August 1943 the Soviet forces started a new strike. The 50th Army advanced from Kirov to the south, 3rd Army towards Lyudinovo and Zhukovka. On 2 September the 17th rifle division began its offensive towards Lyudinovo. On the morning of 9 September Soviet forces entered the eastern outskirts of Lyudinovo following the chaotic German retreat. Clashes inside the town lasted until 16, September when the last German soldiers retreated or surrendered. On the next day, 17 September, the whole territory of present-day Kaluga Oblast was liberated. On 16 February 1944 State Defense Committee decided to make a huge investment in Lyudinovo Locomotive Plant to help its reconstruction. On 5 June 1944 Kaluga oblast was created. Lyudinovsky raion was incorporated in this region. Post-war history In 1963 the town was granted a district significance status. From 28, April to 2, May 1986 the town was affected by radioactive cloud from Chernobyl. Since 18, December 1997 Lyudinovo have been included in Chernobyl affected towns list. Residents of the town have privileged socio-economic status. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Lyudinovo serves as the administrative center of Lyudinovsky District, to which it is directly subordinated. As a municipal division, the town of Lyudinovo, together with one rural locality (the village of Kolotovka), is incorporated within Lyudinovsky Municipal District as Lyudinovo Urban Settlement. Transport There are two railway stations in the town. Both of them have suburb train connection with Bryansk and Fayansovaya. Station Lyudinovo-2 also has long range train connection with Moscow and international train connection with Belarus(Moscow-Gomel train). Highway Р-68 connect the town with Bryansk and Kirov. Local bus station has bus connection to Kaluga, Bryansk and other cities of nearby regions. References Notes Sources External links Unofficial website of Lyudinovo Cities and towns in Kaluga Oblast Zhizdrinsky Uyezd