Bhawanipatna is a city and headquarters of the Kalahandi district, in the Indian state of Odisha. Bhawanipatna has numerous temples dedicated to different deities of the Hindu pantheon. It is named after the presiding deity, Bhawani-Shankar and Patna which means "place" in Odia like "Padaa". Bhawanipatna municipality is the administrative head of the city, which is divided into twenty wards with different sub-areas called pada (pronounced "padaa"). Originally, these padaas were inhabited by people of different communities, but over the last few decades, these padaas have become homogeneous. Bhawanipatna has more than forty padaas. Geography and climate Bhawanipatna is located at . It has an average elevation of . Bhawanipatna is located in the center of large mountains and plateaus. It has eastern ghat mountains in its eastern frontier. Climate Bhawanipatna has a tropical wet and dry climate, temperatures remain moderate throughout the year, except from March to June, which can be extremely hot. The temperature in April–May sometimes rises above . The summer months also have dry and hot winds. In the summer, the temperature can also go up to . The city receives about of rain, mostly in the monsoon season from late June to early October. Winters lasts from November to January and are mild, although lows can fall to . Demographics India census, Bhawanipatna had a population of 69,045 and 83,756 including its suburbs. The population of children ranging from ages 0–6 is 7,407, which is 10.73% of total population of Bhawanipatna (M). In Bhawanipatna Municipality, the female sex ratio is 945 against the state average of 979. Moreover, the child sex ratio in Bhawanipatna is around 911 compared to the Orissa state average of 941. The literacy rate of Bhawanipatna city is 85.00% higher than state average of 72.87%. In Bhawanipatna, male literacy is around 90.95% while the female literacy rate is 78.72%, according to the 2011 census. Out of the total population, 23,705 were engaged in work or business activity. Of this 18,666 were males while 5,039 were females. In the census survey, a worker is defined as a person who engages in business, a job, service, cultivation, or other labour activities. Of a total working population of 23,705, 84.55% were engaged in main work while 15.45% of total workers were engaged in marginal work. Language and literature The language spoken by the people of Kalahandi is the Kalahandia and sambalpuri dialect of Oriya,