Admiral Porter for assistance. He provided her a letter of introduction, which probably resulted in her employment with the U.S. Department of the Treasury. However, attempts to collect on a pension for widows were thwarted by the circumstances of Julius' death. The Pension Bureau assumed that the death was a result of the Panamanian environment. Sophia had to prove that the death was malaria, and that the malaria resulted from his military service. Attempts in 1880 and 1890 generated much paperwork, with sworn statements from neighbors attesting to their marriage and that she had not remarried, from Henry Kroehl about Julius' condition upon his discharge, a doctor's statement that he was diagnosed with malaria, and a statement from Alexander Strausz who served with him at Vicksburg. On top of that, she even had Archbishop John Ireland of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of St. Paul, Minnesota, to lobby personally with the bureau. At first, the Bureau turned down the appeals. However, a few months before she died, her pension was increased substantially, indicating that she at one time proved her case. Conclusion While researching records about Kroehl, statements about him have varied from being "a good officer, and a fine man, and under any circumstances would have sacrificed his life in the cause of his country" (Admiral Porter in widow's pension application) to being a "failure" (Admiral David Farragut). He had been cited in several Northern newspapers from the 1850s until his death. See also German inventors and discoverers References Notes Bibliography Delgado, James P. 2006. "Archaeological Reconnaissance of the 1865 American-Built Sub Marine Explorer at Isla San Telmo, Archipielago de las Perlas, Panama" International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 35 (2), 230–252. Delgado James P. 2012. Misadventures of a Civil War Submarine: Iron, Guns, and Pearls. Texas A&M University Press. 184pp. . Kahn, David. 1976. "Bogardus, Fire and the Iron Tower." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Vol. XXXV, No. 3, October 1976 Gayle, Margot and Gayle, Carol. 1998. Cast-Iron Architecture in America: The Significance of James Bogardus. New York: WW Norton & Company. 272 pp. Greenberg, Stephen. History of Medicine Division, National Library of Medicine, NIH. Technical Question. 22 June 2007. Email statement: "I do not see how they could have been confused. Malaria is a chronic fever, caused by a microorganism that is suppressed but not cured by quinine. Malaria attacks could easily become worse if the patient