than or equal in potency to the EETs in suppressing inflammation; and 3) act oppositely from the EETs in that they inhibit angiogenesis, endothelial cell migration, endothelial cell proliferation, and the growth and metastasis of human breast and prostate cancer cell lines whereas EETs have stimulatory effects in each of these systems. Consumption of omega-3 fatty acid-rich diets dramatically raises the serum and tissue levels of EDPs and EEQs in animals as well as humans, and in humans is by far the most prominent change in the profile of polyunsaturated fatty acids metabolites caused by dietary omega-3 fatty acids. CYP2C9 may also metabolize linoleic acid to the potentially very toxic products, vernolic acid (also termed leukotoxin) and coronaric acid (also termed isoleukotoxin); these linoleic acid epoxides cause multiple organ failure and acute respiratory distress in animal models and may contribute to these syndromes in humans. Pharmacogenomics The CYP2C9 gene is highly polymorphic. At least 20 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been reported to have functional evidence of altered enzyme activity. In fact, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) often result from unanticipated changes in CYP2C9 enzyme activity secondary to genetic polymorphisms. Especially for CYP2C9 substrates such as warfarin and phenytoin, diminished metabolic capacity because of genetic polymorphisms or drug-drug interactions can lead to toxicity at normal therapeutic doses. Information about how human genetic variation of CYP2C9 affects response to medications can be found in databases such PharmGKB, Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC). The label CYP2C9*1 is assigned by the Pharmacogene Variation Consortium (PharmVar) to the most commonly observed human gene variant. Other relevant variants are cataloged by PharmVar under consecutive numbers, which are written after an asterisk (star) character to form an allele label. The two most well-characterized variant alleles are CYP2C9*2 (NM_000771.3:c.430C>T, p.Arg144Cys, rs1799853) and CYP2C9*3 (NM_000771.3:c.1075A>C, p. Ile359Leu, rs1057910), causing reductions in enzyme activity of 30% and 80%, respectively. Metabolizer phenotypes On the basis of their ability to metabolize CYP2C9 substrates, individuals can be categorized by groups. The carriers of homozygous CYP2C9*1 variant, i.e. of the *1/*1 genotype, are designated extensive metabolizers (EM), or normal metabolizers. The carriers of the CYP2C9*2 or CYP2C9*3 alleles in a heterozygous state, i.e. just one of these alleles (*1/*2, *1/*3) are designated intermediate metabolizers (IM), and those carrying two of these alleles, i.e. homozygous (*2/*3, *2/*2 or *3/*3) – poor metabolizers (PM). As a result, the metabolic ratio – the ratio of unchanged drug