quality of service (QoS) support in routers, packet flows may be identified by extracting information about the socket pairs. Raw sockets are typically available in network equipment and are used for routing protocols such as IGRP and OSPF, and for Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP). See also List of TCP and UDP port numbers Promiscuous traffic WebSocket References Further reading External links How sockets work - IBM information center Server Programming with TCP/IP Sockets Beej's Guide to Network Programming Java Tutorials: Networking basics Net::RawIP; module for Perl applications. Created by Sergey Kolychev. SOCK_RAW Demystified: article describing inner workings of Raw Sockets C language examples of Linux raw sockets for IPv4 and IPv6 - David Buchan's C language examples of IPv4 and IPv6 raw sockets for Linux.