Paavo Johannes Heininen (13 January 1938 – 18 January 2022) was a Finnish composer and pianist. Biography He was born in Helsinki, where he studied at the Sibelius Academy and was taught composition by Aarre Merikanto, Einojuhani Rautavaara, Einar Englund, and Joonas Kokkonen. He continued his studies in Cologne with Bernd Alois Zimmermann; at the Juilliard School of Music in New York City with Vincent Persichetti and Eduard Steuermann; and privately in Poland with Witold Lutosławski. He also studied musicology at the University of Helsinki. Heininen was one of the most important Finnish modernist composers. His works can be roughly divided into two periods: dodecaphonic (c. 1957–1975) and serialist (from 1976 onwards). Due to the hostile reactions to his early works, particularly the First Symphony, his works up to the 1980s can be roughly divided in two groups: more personal and complex pieces and more approachable, audience-friendly pieces such as the Second Symphony, "Petite symphonie joyeuse". As professor of composition at the Sibelius Academy, Heininen has been highly influential in educating the next generation of Finnish composers and his pupils have included Magnus Lindberg, Kaija Saariaho, Jukka Tiensuu, Jouni Kaipainen and Veli-Matti Puumala. In addition to composing original works, Heininen has reconstructed several pieces that his composition teacher Aarre Merikanto mutilated or destroyed, including the latter's Symphonic Study (1928) and String Sextet (1932) and written the violin concerto Tuuminki (A Notion) as a "re-imagining" of Merikanto's completely destroyed third violin concerto. Alongside composition, Heininen has been active as a pianist, premiering and recording several of his own works. He is also known as an essayist and has written a large number of composer portraits. Heininen died on 18 January 2022 in Järvenpää, at the age of 84. Selected works Symphonies Symphony no. 1 op. 3 (1958/60) Symphony no. 2 Petite symphonie joyeuse op. 9 (1962) Symphony no. 3 op. 20 (1969/77) Symphony no. 4 op. 27 (1971) Symphony no. 5 op. 80 (2001–02) Symphony no. 6 op. 132 (2015) Symphony no. 7 op. 144 (2020) Symphony no. 8 op. 145 (2021) Concertos Piano concerto no. 1 op. 13 (1964) Piano concerto no. 2 op. 15 (1966) Deux chansons for cello and orchestra (or piano) op. 31 (1976) Piano concerto no. 3 op. 46 (1981) Saxophone concerto op. 50 (1983) Cello concerto op. 53 (1985) Tuuminki (A Notion) ("...of what might have been Aarre Merikanto's 3rd Violin Concerto") (1993) Violin concerto