is used in the Shu style of Liu Shui to imitate the sound of water). Other issues In order to master the qin, there are in excess of 50 different techniques that must be mastered. Even the most commonly used (such as tiao) are difficult to get right without proper instruction from a teacher. Also, certain techniques vary from teacher to teacher and school to school. There are also a lot of obsolete fingerings and notation that are rarely used in modern tablature. There are now new books that have begun to be published about these fingerings and notation as qin culture and study gains momentum. Sometimes, guqin can played with violin bow. It has a tone similar to that of a cello, but raspier. Footnotes Guo, Ping. Guqin Congtan 【古琴丛谈】. Page 112. Zhang, He. Qinxue Rumen 【琴學入門】. Volume 1, leaves 39, 40, 43 and 47. Wu, Jinglüe and Wenguang. Yushan Wushi Qinpu 【虞山吴氏琴谱】 The Qin Music Repertoire of the Wu Family. Pages 507-526. Wang, Binglu. Mei'an Qinpu 【楳盦珡諩】. Volume 1 leaves 18-24. Yao, Bingyan and Huang, Shuzhi. Tangdai Chen Zhuo Lun Guqin Zhifa: Yao Bingyan Qinxue Zhu Shu zhi Yi 【唐代陳拙論古琴指法‧姚丙炎琴學著述之一】. References Gong, Yi (1999). Guqin Yanzoufa 【古琴演奏法】; 2nd ed., rev. inc. 2 CDs. Shanghai: Shanghai Educational Press. Zhang, Huaying (2005). Gu Qin 【古琴】. Guizhou: Zhejiang People's Press. Guo, Ping (2006). Guqin Congtan 【古琴叢談】. Jinan: Shandong Book Press. Zhang, He (1864, 1998). Qinxue Rumen 【琴學入門】. Beijing: Cathay Bookshop. /J‧236 Wang, Binglu (1931, 2005). Mei'an Qinpu 【楳盦珡諩】. Beijing: China Bookstore. /J‧331 Wu, Jinglüe and Wenguang (2001). Yushan Wushi Qinpu 【虞山吳氏琴譜】 The Qin Music Repertoire of the Wu Family. Beijing: Eastern Press. /I‧78 Gu, Meigeng (2004). Qinxue Beiyao (shougao ben) 【琴學備要（手稿本）】. Shanghai: Shanghai Music Press. Yao, Bingyan and Huang, Shuzhi (2005). Tangdai Chen Zhuo Lun Guqin Zhifa 【唐代陳拙論古琴指法】. Hong Kong: Yushi Zhai. P