at least a year’s time. Conversely, Italo-Eritreans and Eritreans of mixed ethnicity were denied the vote. The Unionist Party won thirty-two out of sixty-eight seats of the constituency. Tedla Bairu of the Unionist Party became the first Chief Executive of Eritrea along with Ali Radai of the Muslim League of the Western Province (MLWP) whom became president of the new Eritrean Assembly. The Eritrean Assembly passed constitutional amendments that instated a unicameral, four-year assembly, the granting of Eritrean citizenship to federal nationals in accordance with Eritrean laws, the denial of the Ethiopian imperial representative’s right to comment on draft legislation, the establishment of Tigrinya and Arabic, along with English, as the official languages- and the creation of an Eritrean flag. These amendments came to be ratified on July 12, 1952. Taxes and custom duties were raised, and Eritreans were to procure identity cards costing an enormous sum. Economic policies established after the construction of the federation immensely disadvantaged ethnic Eritreans by maintaining their economic liberalization. The leadership style of Bairu drew rising opposition from the Eritrean people and opposing political parties which forced his resignation in July 1955. In 1954, Amharanisation of the population ensued. Tigrayan and Amhara governors and other political office holders were appointed to administrative posts. Freedom of the press was diminished, and central administrators sought to hire Tigrinya-speaking Christian Eritreans over Muslims, since the country was majority Christian. Asfaha Woldemicheal, whom obtained pro-unionist sentiment was elected following Bairu’s resignation. Woldemichael proposed the installation of an Eritrean administration, the adoption of the Ethiopian flag and the introduction of Ethiopian administrators and teachers in Eritrea. Educated Eritreans open to mobility were incentivized to mobilize against the Ethiopian state. Eritrean students were disadvantaged by the need to learn Amharic as well as English to achieve secondary-level education, rather than Tigrinya and Arabic. In 1956, Idris Mohammed Adem, a Muslim Eritrean was elected as President of the Assembly generating confrontational Eritrean and Ethiopian relations. The unwillingness of the Unionist Party and the Muslim League to compromise caused Adem to resign in the fall of 1957. As Eritrean mobilization ensued the prevalence of the Eritrean Liberation Movement (ELM) was established gaining support of Christians and Muslims alike, as well as those left behind by Ethiopia’s economic liberalization policies. By May 1960, the Eritrean flag was expelled from the Assembly and the seal and name of the government replaced by, “Eritrean Administration