this token: the first having miniscule SJD initials on the token, of which were surreptitiously placed in the design by a retiring director of revenue; Sylvester J. Dobosz. The second order lacked the SJD initials, which were ordered removed by the NYCTA, and finally the "Archer Avenue Extension 12-88 Bulls-eye" to commemorate the opening of the Archer Avenue lines in Queens. The last iteration of tokens, which began use (they were sold prior to entering use) on November 12, 1995, featured a red brass plated steel core with a pentagon-shaped punch hole in the center and were called the "Five Borough Token". There are also two special fare tokens; the first a brass "Extra Large Y Cutout". Its 28mm diameter is the largest subway token. It was issued in 1966, and was used briefly for the 75 cent Special Fare to Aqueduct Racetrack, at which time it was stored. It was then reissued to be used as fare payment for the Express Buses. The second special fare token is a 22mm White Metal solid token. This token has SPECIAL FARE marked on the reverse and was also used for additional fare trains to Aqueduct Racetrack. There had been issues with "slug" use from the second day of use of very first token. Upon the introduction of the 16mm "Small Solid" token on July 25, 1953, it was found that F. W. Woolworth Company sold a pack of 16 metallic play money coins for 10 cents, and the play money dimes activated the turnstile mechanism. Sidney H. Bingham, General Manager of the NYCTA, stayed up all night with a turnstile mechanism in the Times Square workshop making various adjustments. About 2 pm the following day, he was successful in finding the correct rejection parameters, and turnstile technicians were sent out to adjust the other turnstiles throughout the Transit System. It should also be noted that Mr. Bingham was no stranger to the innards of a turnstile - his uncle was Frank Hedley (President of the IRT) who, with assistant James S. Doyle, had patented the first turnstile design for use on the Interborough Rapid Transit in 1921. In the later era of token use it was a common scam to circumvent the payment of fares by jamming the token slot in an entrance gate with paper. A passenger would insert a token into the turnstile, be frustrated when it did not