Joseph Fielding Smith (January 30, 1899 – August 29, 1964) was patriarch to the church and a general authority of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1942 until 1946. Early life and family Smith was born in Salt Lake City, Utah, the son of LDS Church apostle Hyrum M. Smith and Ida Elizabeth Bowman. He went to school at the University of Utah, where he majored in Theater. In 1929, he married Ruth Pingree. Together they had seven children, Ruth, Ida, R.P. "Joe", Denis, Lynne, Hyrum, and Pauline. Patriarch to the church At the time of his calling to the patriarchate, Smith was a member of the church's Mutual Improvement Association General Board, head of the Speech Department at the University of Utah (though he did not hold a Ph.D.), and president of the National Speech Association. His calling as patriarch to the church filled a vacancy that had lasted just over ten years, and his selection for the office has been seen by some as a departure from the expected line of patriarchal succession from father to his eldest son in good standing with the church. Some sources suggest this move came during a time when some members of the church's First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve Apostles were attempting to move away from the rule of primogeniture in selecting the presiding patriarch, giving church leaders the ability to pass over unsuitable candidates who would otherwise inherit the office somewhat automatically. Smith's official title was "Patriarch to the Church," in place of the previous style of "Patriarch over the Church" or "Presiding Patriarch," a change which was also accompanied by a reduction in the scope of the duties of the office; Smith was not permitted to ordain or formally supervise local stake patriarchs. Homosexual affairs At the age of 43, Smith was ordained a high priest and patriarch to the church on October 8, 1942, by church president Heber J. Grant. He served only four years before it was reported by the church that he had resigned for reasons of "ill health", but he was actually released due to the uncovering of his same-sex sexual activity. In 1946 it had been discovered that the patriarch was involved in several homosexual affairs, including two in the 1920s while employed at the University of Utah (with student Norval Service and a drama department colleague named