he may bear the sins of Israel, and this is the Azazel that is referred to in the Torah." This passage of the midrash explains the words of Yoma 67b: "According to the school of R. Ishmael, Azazel is he who atones for the deed of Usa and Azael." In the editio princeps of the Yalkut Shimoni the source of the legend of the fallen angels (in § 44) as well as of the legend concerning the temptation of R. Mattithiah b. Ḥeresh by Satan (in § 161), who was successfully resisted by the pious hero, is simply the ordinary midrash, not the Midrash Abkir. The latter legend is found also in the Midrash of the Ten Commandments and in Tanḥuma. In several other excerpts from the Yalkut Shimoni, which, according to later editions, are derived from the Midrash Abkir, the source is indicated in the first edition merely by the word "Midrash," as in § 241, which discusses the legend of Usa, the patron of Egypt; here "Midrash" apparently means "Midrash Wayosha". Yalkut Shimoni 235 (on Ex. 14:24) relates that the Egyptian magicians Jannes and Jambres obtained wings by their art and soared to heaven, but were dashed down into the sea by the angel Michael. It cannot be determined, however, whether this passage belongs to the fragment excerpted from the Midrash Abkir in Yalkut Shimoni 234. Use in later works This midrash was known to the author of Shemot Rabbah, and was used or cited in the following works among others: Lekach Ṭob by R. Tobias b. Eliezer, Ha-Roḳeaḥ by Eleazar ben Judah of Worms, Pa'aneach Raza, the Ketab Tamim by Moses Taku, the Kad ha-Kemach of Bahya ben Asher, a manuscript commentary by a grandson of R. Samuel of Speier, and the Yalkut Re'ubeni. The entire midrash was likewise known to Azariah dei Rossi and to Abraham ibn Akra. The extracts in Yalkut Shimoni, which had been listed almost completely by Zunz, were collected by S. Buber and by Simon Chones. The legend of the two angels was also reprinted by Jellinek. Jannes and Jambres are mentioned also in Menachot 85a and Shemot Rabbah 9. References Jewish Encyclopedia bibliography Zunz, G. V. p. 282; Abraham Wilna, Rab Pc'alim, ed. Chones, pp. 22 et seq., 133 et seq., Wilna, 1894; S. Buber, Yeri'ot Shelomoh, pp. 9 et seq.; Adolf Neubauer, in R. E. J. xiv. 109; Brüll's Jahrb.