exterior and production characteristics of Buša are a reflection of the poor conditions under which cattle was raised over the centuries in hilly and mountainous regions with primitive cattle breeding. Early weaning of calves, premature fertilization of young cows, poor nutrition and accommodation affected the morphological and physiological characteristics of Buša. Resident herders who lived in multi-member cooperative families where the division of labor was carried out according to gender and age, managed to provide the basic necessities of life with their work. The livestock breeding system (sheep, goats and cattle) meant summer grazing on mountain pastures and descent before winter to permanent settlements at lower altitudes. The main raw materials in the production of food for livestock farmers were milk and meat, i.e. making butter, cheese and dry meat. Buša have a solid and compact build, so they were used for work. It was used in traditional primitive cattle breeding for all three productions: work, milk and meat. Buša heifers become sexually mature at two years of age. The calves are very small, with a birth weight of about . Fertility is between 85 and 90%. Females stay fertile until an age of twelve years. The life span of the animal is about twenty years. Use The cattle are used as draught animals, and for beef and milk production. Although their work capacity is modest, the animals are disease-resistant, well-adapted to harsh climate, and require little food. The milk performance is 700–800 L per annum. The milk contains about 4–6% milk fat. They are robust and frugal, and well adapted to karst landscapes. In the winter the cattle are housed for 2–6 months, in the remaining time they are kept in the open. References Cattle breeds Fauna of Bosnia and Herzegovina Fauna of Croatia Fauna of Montenegro Fauna of Serbia