{{speciesbox |image = Harra (Terminalia chebula) leafless tree at 23 Mile, Duars, WB W IMG 5905.jpg |image_caption = A leafless T. chebula tree |genus = Terminalia |species = chebula |authority = Retz. |synonyms = {{Plainlist | style = margin-left: 1em; text-indent: -1em; | Buceras chebula (Retz.) Lyons Combretum argyrophyllum K.Schum. Myrobalanus chebula (Retz.) Gaertn. Myrobalanus gangetica (Roxb.) Kostel. Myrobalanus tomentella Kuntze Terminalia acutae Walp.Terminalia argyrophylla King & PrainTerminalia gangetica Roxb.Terminalia parviflora ThwaitesTerminalia reticulata RothTerminalia tomentella KurzTerminalia zeylanica Van Heurck & Müll. Arg. }} |synonyms_ref = }}Terminalia chebula, commonly known as black- or chebulic myrobalan, is a species of Terminalia, native to South Asia from India and Nepal east to southwest China (Yunnan), and south to Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Vietnam.Flora of China: Terminalia chebula In India, it is known as "Harad" in Hindi and Urdu, "Kadukkai" in Tamil, "Hirada" in Marathi, "Hilikha" in Assamese and "Horitoky" in Bengali. Taxonomy Swedish naturalist Anders Jahan Retzius described the species. Many varieties are known, such as:T. c. var. chebula – leaves and shoots hairless, or only hairy when very youngT. c. var. tomentella – leaves and shoots silvery to orange hairy DescriptionTerminalia chebula is a medium to large deciduous tree growing to tall, with a trunk up to in diameter. The leaves are alternate to subopposite in arrangement, oval, long and broad with a petiole. They have an acute tip, cordate at the base, margins entire, glabrous above with a yellowish pubescence below. The fruit is drupe-like, long and broad, blackish, with five longitudinal ridges. The dull white to yellow flowers are monoecious, and have a strong, unpleasant odour. They are borne in terminal spikes or short panicles. The fruits are smooth ellipsoid to ovoid drupes, yellow to orange-brown in colour, with a single angled stone. Distribution and habitatTerminalia chebula Is found throughout South and Southeast Asia including in India, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan and Thailand. In China, it is native in W Yunnan and cultivated in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi (Nanning), and Taiwan (Nantou). In India, it is found in the Sub Himalayan region from Ravi eastwards to West Bengal and Assam, ascending up to the altitude of in the Himalayas. This tree is wild in forests of Northern India, central provinces and Bengal, common in Madras, Mysore and in the southern part of the Bombay presidency. Its habitat includes dry slopes up to in