The National Accountability Bureau (; abbreviated NAB) is an autonomous and constitutionally established federal institution responsible to build efforts against corruption and prepare critical national economic intelligence assessments against economic terrorism for the Government of Pakistan. It is headed by a chairman (Vacant), Deputy Chairman Zahir Shah assigned an acting charge of Chairman NAB till regular incumbent. The NAB is empowered to undertake any necessary prevention and awareness, by all means, in addition to enforcing its operations against economic terrorism and financial crimes. Since it was established by Pervez Musharraf on 16 November 1999, its sphere of operations has been expanded and extended. The constitution grants power to launch investigations, conduct inquiries, and issues arrest warrants against individuals suspected of financial mismanagement, economic terrorism, corruption (all in private-sector, state-sector, defense-sector, and corporate-sector), and directs cases to the accountability courts. Established by Ordinance No. XIX, its powers have been extended to conduct inquiries at higher levels by Article 270AA of the Constitution of Pakistan. With its chief headquarters located in Islamabad, it has four regional offices in the four provinces, as well as the four capital territories of Pakistan. Organization The bureau has two principal officers: the Chairman; and the Prosecutor General of Accountability in Pakistan. The Chairman is the head of investigation, and serves a four-year term. Lt-Gen Syed Mohammad Amjad was the first chairman of the bureau. Aftab Sultan is the present chairman of NAB. The Prosecutor General is the head of prosecution, and serves a three-year term. A retired justice Asghar Haider is current Prosecutor General of National Accountability Bureau (NAB). Performance and notable operations Financial recoveries Since its formation, the institution has recovered over ₨. 240 Bn (approximately US$ 4 Bn) from corruption committed by country's elite politicians, bureaucrats, former military officers, and those involved in the white-collar crimes. According to Musharraf the "NAB was created to put the fear of God in the corrupt, as Pakistan was on the brink of being declared a failed state before I came to power." In its research studies published by NAB in 2011, the institution has recovered ₨. 119.5Bn from bank defaults and provided ₨. 60Bn to restructured the banks. by September 2019 Prosecution and investigations In 2011, the NAB reported that it has 1791 cases that were under prosecution, out of which, 1093 cases prosecutions were completed. Infrastructure In 2013, inducted a large number of officers and conducted