Rite Catholic Church, priests' children often became priests and married within their social group, establishing a tightly-knit hereditary caste. In North America, by the provisions of the decree Cum data fuerit, and for fear that married priests would create scandal among Latin Church Catholics, Eastern Catholic bishops were directed to ordain only unmarried men. This ban, which some bishops determined to be null in various circumstances or at times or simply decided not to enforce, was finally rescinded by a decree of June 2014. Similarly, the Maronite Church does not demand celibacy vows from its deacons or parish priests; their monks, however, are celibate, as well as their bishops who are normally selected from celibate priests and sometimes from the monasteries. The current Patriarch of the Maronite Church is originally a monk in the Mariamite Maronite Order. A condition for becoming an Eastern Catholic bishop is to be unmarried or a widower. See also Children of the Ordained Clerical marriage Christian monks, religious sisters and nuns make vows of celibacy. List of sexually active popes References Further reading Priestly Celibacy Today—book by Thomas McGovern Priestly celibacy in patristics and in the history of the Church—Roman Cholij Priestly Celibacy. Ecclesiastical Institution or Apostolic Tradition?—Cesare Bonivento The Case for Clerical Celibacy:Its Historical Development and Theological Foundations —Alfons Stickler Celibacy Dates Back to the Apostles—Fr. Anthony Zimmerman, STD The Ancient Tradition of Clerical Celibacy—Mary R. Schneider (Ignatius Press) Celibacy in the Old Testament and Jewish Tradition—by Br. Anthony Opisso, M.D. Francis Speaks, Scalfari Transcribes, Brandmüller Shreds—by Sandro Magister "Why Does the Catholic Church Insist on Celibacy?" by Rafael Domingo External links Encyclical Sacerdotalis caelibatus—Pope Paul VI The radical importance of the graced gift of priestly celibacy—Congregation for the Clergy Catholic canon law of persons Catholic canon law of religious Clerical celibacy Major orders in the Catholic Church Sacramental law