the runway having reached a maximum speed of during the attempted takeoff. Air traffic control (ATC) warned Flight 843 of "numerous flames" coming from the engines. The flight crew activated the thrust reversers and applied maximum braking without any effect, and the aircraft to continue rolling towards a blast fence at the end of the runway. Captain Kinkead turned the now-burning aircraft to the left and it went off the runway, finally stopping on an area of grass from runway 13R. In addition to the nine flight attendants on board, there were five additional off-duty flight attendants who assisted in the evacuation. Although only three of eight exit doors were available for use, the evacuation was completed within two minutes, and the airport rescue and fire fighting teams response was timely and adequate. Oakland rapper Saafir was a passenger on the plane and injured his back while jumping to the ground. Only 10 people (all of whom were passengers) were injured. Investigation The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) attributed the crash to pilot error and TWA training and maintenance issues. According to the report, the take-off was improperly aborted by the first officer shortly after liftoff, due to the erroneous activation of the stick shaker stall warning device, when in fact the aircraft was performing normally and could have taken off safely. The extremely hard landing caused damage to the right wing, spilling fuel that was then ingested into the engines and started the fire. The NTSB praised captain Kinkead for bringing the aircraft to a safe stop, the rest of the crew (including the off-duty flight attendants) for safely evacuating the aircraft, and the airport rescue and fire fighting services for responding in a timely and adequate manner. At the same time however, the NTSB also criticized the flight crew for deciding to abort the takeoff after V1 and their response to the stick-shaker activation, both of which were inappropriate. See also Aviation accidents and incidents 2008 South Carolina Learjet 60 crash, another high-speed aborted take-off Kenya Airways Flight 431, another accident caused by a false stall warning Tower Air Flight 41, another accident that occurred during take-off from JFK References External links First-person account by flight attendant Kaye Chandler Aviation accidents and incidents in the United States in 1992 1992 in New York City 843 Accidents and incidents involving the Lockheed L-1011 Airliner accidents and incidents in New