Hades, according to various Christian denominations, is "the place or state of departed spirits", borrowing the name of Hades, the Greek god of the underworld. It is often associated with the Jewish concept of Sheol. In the Bible Septuagint In the Septuagint (an ancient translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek), the Greek term ᾅδης (Hades) is used to translate the Hebrew term שאול (Sheol) in almost all instances, only three of them are not matched with Hades: (γῆ, "earth, land"), (θάνατος, "death") and (βόθρου or λάκκος, "pit".) New Testament The Hebrew phrase לא־תעזב נפשׁי לשׁאול ("you will not abandon my soul to Sheol") in is quoted in the Koine Greek New Testament, as οὐκ ἐγκαταλείψεις τὴν ψυχήν μου εἰς ᾅδου ("you will not abandon my soul to Hades"). In the Textus Receptus version of the New Testament the word ᾅδης (Hades), appears 11 times; but critical editions of the text of have θάνατος (death) in place of ᾅδης. Except in this verse of 1 Corinthians, where it uses "grave", the King James Version translates ᾅδης as "hell". Modern translations, for which there are only 10 instances of the word ᾅδης in the New Testament, generally transliterate it as "Hades". In all appearances but one, ᾅδης has little if any relation to afterlife rewards or punishments . The one exception is Luke's parable of Lazarus and the rich man, in which the rich man finds himself, after death, in Hades, and "in anguish in this flame", while in contrast the angels take Lazarus to "the bosom of Abraham", described as a state of comfort. Death and Hades are repeatedly associated in the Book of Revelation. The word "Hades" appears in Jesus' promise to Peter: "And I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overcome it." and in the warning to Capernaum: "And you, Capernaum, will you be lifted to the heavens? No, you will go down to Hades." Early Christian views Tertullian (c. 160 – c. 225), making an exception only for the Christian martyrs, argued that the souls of the dead go down beneath the earth, and will go up to the sky (heaven) only at the end of the world: The variously titled fragment "Against Plato" or "De Universo", attributed to Hippolytus of Rome (c. 170 – c. 236), has the following: In