OtherOS would be removed due to security concerns, as of PS3 Firmware 3.21 on April 1, 2010. Several methods of bypassing the updating and retaining the ability to sign into PlayStation Network have been discovered, most of which use third party DNS servers. George Hotz claimed to have created custom firmware for the PS3 called 3.21OO that re-enables OtherOS and published a video as proof. Some in the online community claim that this custom firmware was a hoax. On July 14, 2010, Hotz announced that he would not bring out his custom firmware to the PlayStation 3. On April 27, 2010, a class action lawsuit was filed in California. It claimed that the removal of the OtherOS feature was "unfair and deceptive" and a "breach of good faith". Most of the filing relates to violation of various consumer protection laws relating to the removal. Several other lawsuits were also filed and are somewhat similar in nature but are filed by other individuals. In January 2011, Sony sued Hotz and members of fail0verflow for their jailbreaking of the PS3. Charges included violating the DMCA, the CFAA, copyright law, and California's CCDAFA, and for breach of contract (related to the PlayStation Network User Agreement), tortious interference, misappropriation, and trespass. In February, 2011, U.S. District Judge Richard Seeborg dismissed most of the class claims with leave to amend, finding the plaintiffs failed to state a claim. Seeborg stated: "While it cannot be concluded as a matter of law at this juncture that Sony could, without legal consequence, force its customers to choose either to forego installing the software update or to lose access to the other OS feature, the present allegations of the complaint largely fail to state a claim. Accordingly, with the exception of one count, the motion to dismiss will be granted, with leave to amend." On May 4, 2011, Youness Alaoui from the PS3MFW team announced the release of a modified PS3 firmware that allows running OtherOS. On December 8, 2011, U.S. District Judge Richard Seeborg dismissed the last remaining count of the class action lawsuit, stating: "As a legal matter, ... plaintiffs have failed to allege facts or articulate a theory on which Sony may be held liable." In January 2014 the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit partially reversed the dismissal and sent the case back to the district court. In 2016, Sony settled with American