and structural evidences they found. They used Ar-Ar and U-Pb dating methods and structural evidences including cleavages, lineation and dip and strike data to analyse the Precambrian history of the craton The timing of final amalgamation in their model is in-line with the timing proposed by Zhao, also around 1.8 to 1.9 billion years ago, but another time of significant deformation (2.1 billion years ago) have also been suggested. The division of micro-blocks deviated from Zhao's model. Faure and Trap identified 3 ancient continental blocks, the Eastern and Western Blocks, same as Zhao's model, as well as the Fuping Block, differing from the Trans-North China Orogen in Zhao's model. The 3 blocks were separated by two oceans, which were the Taihang Ocean and the Lüliang Ocean. They have also proposed the sequence and timing of the events occurred. Around 2.1 billion years ago, the Taihang Ocean closed with the Eastern Block and Fuping Block amalgamated through the Taihang Suture. From 1.9 to 1.8 billion years ago, the Lüliang Ocean closed, promoting the amalgamation of the Eastern and Western Blocks. Santosh proposed a model to explain the rapid pace of amalgamation of the continental blocks, thus providing a better picture of the mechanisms of cratonization of the North China Craton. For the time frame of the deformational events, he generally agreed with Zhao's model based on metamorphic data. He provided a new insight to explain the subduction direction of the plates during amalgamation, where the 2.5 Ga craton amalgamation model suggested westward subduction, and the 1.85Ga craton amalgamation model suggested eastern subduction. He did an extensive seismic mapping over the craton, making use of P-waves and S-waves. He discovered traces of a subducted plate in the mantle, which indicated the possible direction of subduction of the ancient plate. He finds that the Yinshan block (part of the Western Block) and the Yanliao block (part of the Eastern Block) subducted towards the centre around the Ordos Block (part of the Western Block)., in which the Yinshan block subducted eastward towards the Yanliao block. The Yinshan block further subducted to the south to the Ordos block. The Ordos Block was therefore experiencing double subduction, facilitating the amalgamation of different blocks of the craton and its interactions with the Columbia Supercontinent. Phanerozoic history (539 million years ago to present time) The North China Craton remained stable for a long time after the amalgamation of