of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine Serhiy Pirozhkov visited Transnistria and inspected enterprises, suspected in arms production. Based on the results of the inspection Zubakov and Pirozhkov stated that there have been no signs that any of the enterprises ever produced armaments or their components. In 2013 Ukrainian Foreign Minister and Acting Chairman of the OSCE Leonid Kozhara gave an interview to El País newspaper, commenting on situation in Transnistria and results of work of the EUBAM mission. According to Kozhara, there have been no cases of arms traffic found. Antisemitic incidents About 20 years ago, there were several antisemitic incidents in Transnistria. 14–15 April 2001 the Synagogue of Tiraspol suffered a pipe bomb attack. The building was damaged, but the guard was not hurt. 13–30 March 2004 over 70 tombstones in the Jewish cemetery of Tiraspol were vandalized. Local community leaders said the authorities refused to help clean up the anti-Semitic graffiti painted over the tombstones In May 2004, there was an attempt by a Russian neo-nazi organization to set on fire a synagogue in Tiraspol, using a Molotov Cocktail and a flammable liquid near a gas pipe. The attack failed when passers-by extinguished the fire. Terrorist incidents In July 2006, a bomb killed eight in a Tiraspol minibus. In August 2006, a grenade explosion in a Tiraspol trolleybus killed two and injured ten. In 2022, several incidents happened during the 2022 Transnistria attacks between 25 and 27 April and again on 6 May. No civilians were killed, but material damage did occur. Certain countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Spain, Bulgaria and Israel caution their citizens from traveling to both Moldova and Transnistria, especially after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Espionage In April 2010 the journalist Ernest Vardanean was arrested on accusations of espionage in favour of Moldova. In May 2011 Igor Smirnov signed a decree stating that Vardanean could be released from jail. See also Crime in Moldova References Politics of Transnistria History of Transnistria since 1991 Crime in Moldova