Turner Suspension Bicycles, Inc is an American bicycle frame manufacturer, based in Murrieta, California, specializing in full suspension mountain bikes. Turner Bikes was founded in 1994 by David Turner, a former professional mountain bike rider who had ridden for the Marin and Mongoose teams. Turner had also worked with Horst Leitner at AMP Research whilst Horst developed the Horst Link suspension design. History David Turner started designing his own bicycles in 1992. By 1993, he was riding his own designs for the Mammoth Mountain Kamikaze Manufacturers Cup downhill race and finished 1st. In 1994, the first 150 production Turner mountain bike frames were built by Ventana Mountain Bikes USA. These bikes were known only as "the Turner bike" until reviewed by the magazine Mountain Bike Action, whichdubbed it the "Turner Burner". This name would be applied to many of Turner's future designs. Burner had 2.75” inches rear travel with a down hil race option of 3.6 inches. To meet demand for Turner's frames, production was carried out by FTW manufacturing out of Arizona in 1995. Bernard Unhasibiscay, riding a prototype Turner Afterburner, won the veteran silver medal at the UCI World Championships Downhill. By 1996, production had moved to Sportech. With this move came several improvements to the design of the Burner, including a single machined block to support the bottom bracket, rear shock mount, and chain stay swing-arm pivot. Another pivotal moment for the company was when the Turner Afterburner started production; it was Turner's first downhill specific frame, had 3.6" of rear wheel travel, and was identified by the large plate gussets on the front. Turner's one-off tandem, the "Twin Burner", was produced in 1997. Reflecting the rapid change in mountain biking, the Afterburner was re-designed to have 6" of rear wheel travel. There were now large holes in the plate gussets. Thomas Misser, riding a Kona stickered Turner Afterburner, achieved multiple wins and podium places in UCI World Cup races. A limited number of Turner Afterburners were sold by Kona as "Misser replicas". The Turner range expanded to four models in 1998, as the Burner XC and Afterburner were joined by the Turner Stinger (cross country racer) and the Turner RFX (freeride bike). The Stinger design with its proprietary pull shock was licensed to K2 in 1999, and produced as the "K2 Razorback". The Burner was replaced by a lighter weight Turner O2 and the beefier Turner