to Environment America, a federation of state-based, citizen-funded environmental advocacy organizations, there are concerns for farmers competing with oil and gas for water. A report by Ceres questions whether the growth of hydraulic fracturing is sustainable in Texas and Colorado as 92% of Colorado wells were in extremely high water stress regions (that means regions where more than 80% of the available water is already allocated for agricultural, industrial and municipal water use) and 51% percent of the Texas wells were in high or extremely high water stress regions. Consequences for agriculture have already been observed in North America. Agricultural communities have already seen water prices rising because of that problem. In the Barnett Shale region, in Texas and New Mexico, drinking water wells have dried as hydraulic fracturing water has been taken from an aquifer used for residential and agricultural use. Two types of water are produced after the injection of the fracturing fluid; the "flow-back" fluid which returns right after the fracking fluid is injected, and the "produced water" which returns to the surface over the lifespan of the well. Both by-products contain gas and oil as well as heavy metals, organic matter, salts, radioactive materials and other chemicals. The treatment of produced water is very critical since it contains "hazardous organic and inorganic constituents". Some organic detected compounds are polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), aliphatic hydrocarbons and long chain fatty acids. The chemical compounds related to HF are ethoxylated surfactants and the biocide 1,2,5trimethylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine-2-thione (a dazomet derivative). The majority of the by-product is disposed in reinjection on designated wells, but since they are limited and located far from the hydraulic wells alternative solutions have been implemented for example the excavation of pits, on side water tanks, local treatment plants, the spread over fields and roads, and the treatment for further reuse of the water for HF extractions. However, limited research has been conducted on the microbial ecology of this byproduct to determine the future impact on the environment. The treatment of the byproduct varies from well to well since the mixed fluids, and the geological formations around the wells are not the same. Therefore, most wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), besides being confronted with high volatile compounds, need to treat high saline wastewaters, which pose a problem since desalination of water requires large amounts of energy. Therefore, the university of Arkansas has conducted promising research in which the combination of