using the relationships: and This deviation angle, which can be positive or negative, is added to the beam pointing angle to arrive at the more accurate estimate of the actual target bearing angle. Of course, if the array is 2-dimensional, such as a planar array, there are two del channels, one for elevation and one for azimuth, and therefore two monopulse ratios are formed. See also Very-long-baseline interferometry Amplitude-comparison monopulse Monopulse radar References Interferometry Radar