small, with the fourth and fifth pairs located over the pectoral fin bases. The two dorsal fins are similar in size and shape, with blunt apexes. The first dorsal fin originates over the midpoint of the pelvic fin bases, while the second originates over the midpoint of the anal fin base. The pectoral fins are large and broad, with rounded corners. The pelvic and anal fins are low and angular in shape. The anal fin base is distinctively long compared to the other members of the G. arae complex, measuring 13–16% of the total length. The caudal fin has a small, rounded lower lobe and a ventral notch near the tip of the upper lobe. The body is covered by small, overlapping dermal denticles, each with a leaf-shaped crown bearing a horizontal ridge and three marginal teeth. A series of enlarged denticles form an obvious saw-toothed crest along the anterior dorsal edge of the caudal fin. This species is brownish above, with a marbled pattern of darker saddles and blotches along the body and tail that become indistinct past the origin of the first dorsal fin. The underside is uniformly light, and the inside of the mouth is dark. Biology and ecology Little is known of the natural history of the longfin sawtail catshark. Reproduction is oviparous; mature females have a single functional ovary, on the right, and two functional oviducts. A single egg matures within each oviduct at a time. The egg is enclosed within a flask-shaped capsule roughly long, across the top, and across the bottom; there are coiled tendrils at the upper two corners. Females mature at about long; adult males are unknown and the largest known immature male measured long. Human interactions The longfin sawtail catshark may be caught incidentally in bottom trawls meant for shrimp, though no specific information is available. Its small range potentially renders it susceptible to overfishing. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has listed this species as least concern. References longfin sawtail catshark Fish of Panama Fish of Colombia longfin sawtail catshark