flowering periods. The decline in specific palynivores can consequently lead to an increase in populations of general palynivores due to a decrease in competition and the increase in availability of resources. Bumblebee populations The interaction between general and specific species is best shown through members of the genus Bombus, more commonly known as bumblebees. Bumblebees have shown evidence of population decline within both Belgium and the UK with six of the sixteen non-parasitic bumblebees showing considerable decline and four showing possible signs of decline. These observational studies have shown that this decline has been similarly mirrored in the populations of wild plants with which these bumblebees correspond. However, this decline has not been prevalent among all populations of bumblebees. While many populations of bumblebees have shown a decline, there have been others that have stayed constant or even increased. In the same study of sixteen non-parasitic bumblebees there were six populations that stayed constant or even increased over the course of the study. Causes of palynivore decline Research has shown that a range of different environmental changes and climate changes such as habitat fragmentation, the introduction of different agrochemicals, and global warming are projected to lead to a decrease in palynivore populations and consequently a decrease in pollination services. Habitat fragmentation For many palynivores, especially colony insects such as bees and ants, suitable habitats are very important and must meet specific requirements. Habitat fragmentation can make these habitats inadequate to provide suitable and sustainable floral resources and suitable nesting sites within a reasonable flight range from each other. Depending on whether the pollinator is specific or general, the needs for the population may be different. Specific palynivores For specific palynivores exhibiting oligolecty, the adult seasonal emergence must coincide with the host plant's seasonal bloom. With these specific constraints in place, it can be inferred that specific palynivores must be located are heavily dependent on the seasonal variation of their host plants and the loss of even a small portion of their habitat can have drastic repercussions on the population size. General palynivores For general palynivores their foraging periods typically last longer than the seasonal bloom of one host. General palynivores must be located within flying distance of multiple different patches of floral plants each with their own flowering periods. Their survival is dependent on their ability to access each of these flower patches at different times during the season and