first syllable was short. When initial consonants were dropped and initial vowels shortened, the occurrence of the prestopped nasals was no longer predictable: Olgolo had innovated a series of prestopped nasal phonemes. List of initial-dropping languages For details about the extent of initial dropping in a particular language, see that language's article. Adjnjamathanha Arabana Arrernte Baagandji Bidjara (Gunggari and Yanjdjibara dialects) Dharambal (Wapabara dialect) Kalkatungu Kaytetj Maljangapa Mbabaram Muruwarri Nganjaywana Nhanta Ogh-Undjan Oykangand/Olgolo Many Paman languages Umbindhamu Uradhi Yaygirr Yugambal Western Desert Language (some dialects) See also Aphesis References Australian Aboriginal languages Sound changes