28 October. Santa Cruz then summoned to the city of Tacna representatives of both legislatures together with those of the Bolivian Congress assembled at Tapacarí, to establish a Constitution for the new state. Under his direction, they signed a pact on which named him Supreme Protector for a ten-year period. Structure of the republic There was, from 1837 until the dissolution, a provisional president and a congress, both with limited powers and under the control of Marshal Andrés de Santa Cruz who was styled the supreme protector. First president: General Luis Orbegoso (21 August 1837 – 30 July 1838). He declared secession of the Republic of North Peru from the Peru-Bolivian Confederation on but continued as Provisional President until Second president: General José de la Riva Agüero (11 August 1838 – 24 January 1839) Development and dissolution Invested with considerable powers, Santa Cruz endeavoured to establish in Peru the same type of authoritarian order he had imposed in Bolivia. He issued civil code, a penal code, a trade regulation, customs regulation and reorganized tax collection procedures allowing an increase in state revenues while restraining expenditures. However, the Confederation generated resistance among several groups in both countries, which resented the dilution of national identities, and also among neighbouring countries. An important number of Peruvian politicians opposed to the idea of the Confederation fled to Chile where they received support and this led to the War of the Confederation. Chile declared war on 28 December 1836 and Argentina followed suit on . The Chilean military expedition against Santa Cruz, led by Admiral Manuel Blanco Encalada failed, and he had to submit to signing the Treaty of Paucarpata, on . The Chilean government then organized a second expedition, which defeated the Supreme Protector at the Battle of Yungay on and forced the dissolution of the Confederation. On 25 August 1839 General Agustín Gamarra after assuming as president of Peru, officially declared the dissolution of the Confederation and of the merging of the Northern and Southern Peruvian Republics into one to be called again Peru and separated from Bolivia. See also History of Peru Peru-Bolivian Confederation War of the Confederation References Former countries in South America Peru–Bolivian Confederation War of the Confederation States and territories established in 1836 States and territories disestablished in 1839 1836 establishments in South America 1839 disestablishments in South America North Peru