Europe Events Emergence of the troubadour, trouvère and minnesänger traditions, in the Occitan, Langues d'oïl and Middle High German vernaculars respectively Major works 1180 to 1210 - Nibelungenlied Aiol and Mirabel in Old French The Tale of Igor's Campaign in Old East Slavic, dated near the end of the century Durham in Old English Ormulum in Middle English Chanson d'Antioche and other crusader tales at the beginning of the century. Poets Chakhrukhadze poet, author of Tamariani Shota Rustaveli poet of the 12th century, author of "The Knight in the Panther's Skin" Chrétien de Troyes flourishes in the 1170s and 1180s Marie de France flourishes from approximately 1170 through 1205/1210, author of lais in Anglo-Norman Jean Bodel Undated troubadors Bernart de Ventadorn (c. 1130s - c. 1190s) Cercamon (fl. 1130s and 1140s) Marcabru (fl. 1140s and 1150s) Arnaut de Mareuil (fl. late 12th century) Goliard poets, writing in Latin, flourish in European universities Nigel de Longchamps, writing in Latin in England John of Hauville, writing in Latin, probably in France Walter of Châtillon, writing in Latin in France Cynddelw Brydydd Mawr, fl. in the last half of the century in Wales Joseph ben Isaac Bekhor Shor, writing in Hebrew in France in the last half of the century Hartmann von Aue (c. 1160 - 1210s), writing in Middle High German Middle East Events Emergence of Turkic poetry Byzantine poets Michael Glykas Theodore Prodromos (c. 1100 - c. 1165/70) Nicholas Kallikles John Tzetzes (c. 1100 - 1180) Constantine Manasses (c. 1130 - c. 1187) Manganeios Prodromos Constantine Stilbes Niketas Eugenianos Arab world poets Ibn al-Farid (1181–1235) Muhyi al-din ibn al-'Arabi, (died 1240) Ahmad al-Tifashi (died 1253) Persia Persian poets Adib Sabir ادیب صابر Am'aq عمعق بخارائی Anvari انوری ابیوردی Nasrullah Monshi Farid al-Din Attar, poet (about 1130-about 1220) فریدالدین عطار نیشاپوری Omar Khayyám, poet (1048-1131) عمر خیام Nizami Ganjavi, poet (about 1141-1209) نظامی Nizami Aruzi Saadi, poet (1184-1283/1291?) سعدی Sheikh Ruzbehanشیخ روزبهان Abdul Qadir Jilaniعبدالقادر گیلانی Khaqani Shirvani خاقانی شروانی Sanaayiسنایی Zhende pil Muhammad Aufi Masudi Ghaznavi Jmaluddin Aburuh Falaki Shirvani Hassan Ghaznavi, poet Ardeshir Ebadi Sanai Ghaznavi, poet Abulfadhl Meybodi Mu'izzi Ein-ul Quzzat Hamedani Mihani Shahmardan Ibn Balkhi Muzaffer Esfazari The author of Mejmal al-tawarikh wal-qesas Mohammed Ghanemi Qattan Marvzi Uthman Mukhtari Ismail Jorjani Mahsati مهستی گنجوی, a woman poet from Azerbaijan Omar ibn Sahlan Rashid al-Din Muhammad al-Umari Vatvat خولجه رشید الدین وطواط Abulfotuh Razi Nizami Arudhi Samarqandiنظامی عروضی سمرقندی