and has the effect of a percussion instrument, with the participants bending forward while exhaling and stand straight while inhaling so that both the movement and sound contribute to the overall rhythm. The climax is usually reached through cries of "Allah! Allah!" or "hu hu" (which is either the pronoun "he" or the last vowel on the word "Allah" depending on the method) while the participants are moving up and down. Universally, the haḍra is almost always followed by Quranic recital in the tarteel style - which according to al-Junayd al-Baghdadi, was a prophetic instruction received through a dream. See also Dhikr Dua Hamd Durood Na`at References External links Nujum al Muhtadin - Abdelkebir Al Kattani Islamic culture Arab culture Ritual dances Arabic words and phrases Sufism Islamic terminology