center-of-mass energies between 7 GeV and 10 GeV to measure the hadronic cross section ratio. CLEO made the first measurements of the π+ and K+ electromagnetic form factors above Q2 > 4 GeV2. Finally, CLEO has performed searches for Higgs and beyond SM particles: Higgs bosons, axions, magnetic monopoles, neutralinos, fractionally charged particles, bottom squarks, and familons. Collaboration Initial design of a detector for the south interaction region of CESR began in 1975. Physicists from Harvard University, Syracuse University and the University of Rochester had worked at the Cornell synchrotron, and were natural choices as collaborators with Cornell. They were joined by groups from Rutgers University and Vanderbilt University, along with collaborators from LeMoyne College and Ithaca College. Additional institutions were assigned responsibility for detector components as they joined the collaboration. Cornell appointed a physicist to oversee development of the portion of the detector inside the magnet, outside the magnet, and of the magnet itself. The structure of the collaboration was designed to avoid perceived shortcomings at SLAC, where SLAC physicists were felt to dominate operations by virtue of their access to the accelerator and detector and to computing and machine facilities. Collaborators were free to work on the analysis of their choosing, and the approval of results for publication was by collaboration-wide vote. The spokesperson (later spokespeople) were also selected by collaboration-wide vote, including graduate students. The other officers in the collaboration were an analysis coordinator and a run manager, then later also a software coordinator. The first CLEO paper listed 73 authors from eight institutions. Cornell University, Syracuse University and the University of Rochester have been members of CLEO for its entire history, and forty-two institutions have been members of CLEO at one time. The collaboration was its largest in 1996 at 212 members, before collaborators began to move to the BaBar and Belle experiments. The largest number of authors to appear on a CLEO paper was 226. A paper published near the time CLEO stopped taking data had 123 authors. Notes References AIP Study of Multi-Institutional Collaborations Phase I: High-Energy Physics Particle detectors