33, 45, 52, and 58: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2/3 and cervical adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS). Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) grade 2 and grade 3. Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VaIN) grade 2 and grade 3. Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) grades 1, 2, and 3. boys and men 9 through 45 years of age for the prevention of the following diseases: Anal, oropharyngeal and other head and neck cancers caused by HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58. Genital warts (condyloma acuminata) caused by HPV types 6 and 11. boys and men 9 through 45 years of age for the following precancerous or dysplastic lesions caused by HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58: Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) grades 1, 2, and 3. In the European Union, Gardasil is indicated for active immunization of individuals from the age of nine years against the following HPV diseases: Premalignant lesions and cancers affecting the cervix, vulva, vagina and anus caused by vaccine HPV types Genital warts (Condyloma acuminata) caused by specific HPV types. Gardasil is a vaccine to prevent HPV, that, for maximum effect, is recommended for individuals prior to their becoming sexually active. Moreover, evidence supports the conclusion that women who were already infected with one or more of the four HPV types targeted by the vaccine (HPV types 6, 11, 16, or 18) were protected from clinical disease caused by the remaining HPV types in the vaccine. HPV types 16 and 18 cause an estimated 70% of cervical cancers, and are responsible for most HPV-induced anal cancers. Gardasil also protects against vulvar and vaginal cancers caused by HPV types 16 and 18, as well as most penile cancers caused by these two HPV types. In addition, protection against HPV types 6 and 11 may eliminate up to 90% of the cases of genital warts. Common plantar warts—e.g., caused by HPV types 1, 2, and 4—are not prevented by this vaccine. In 2010, Gardasil was approved by the FDA for prevention of anal cancer and associated precancerous lesions due to HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18 in people aged 9 through 26 years. HPV infections, especially HPV 16, contribute to some head and neck cancer (HPV is found in an estimated 26–35% of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma). In principle, HPV vaccines may help reduce incidence