Jerome Lowenthal (piano) 1958 Otto Zykan (piano), Gábor Gabos (piano), Wolfgang Gayler (piano) 1959 Erika Haase (piano) 1960 Bruno Canino (piano) 1972 Gillian Bibby, Suzanne Stephens (clarinet) 1974 Detlev Müller-Siemens, Moya Henderson, Wolfgang Meyer (clarinet) 1976 Ulrich Stranz 1978 Wolfgang Rihm 1980 Clarence Barlow 1982 James Dillon, Steven Schick (percussion), Michael Bach (cello), Robert H.P. Platz 1984 Bernardo Kuczer 1986 Richard Barrett, Kaija Saariaho, Bunita Marcus, Steffen Schleiermacher (piano) 1990 Luca Francesconi, Roger Redgate, Rodney Sharman, Joël-François Durand 1992 James Clarke, Chaya Czernowin 1996 Mark Andre, Gerald Eckert, Isabel Mundry 2000 Jennifer Walshe 2002 Nam-Kuk Kim, , Seth Wrightington 2004 Hans Thomalla 2008 Simon Steen-Andersen 2010 Stefan Prins 2014 Ashley Fure Criticism During the late 1950s and early 1960s the courses were charged with a perceived lack of interest on the part of some of its zealot followers in any music not matching the uncompromisingly modern views of Pierre Boulez – the "party subservience" of the "clique orthodoxy" of a "sect", in the words of Kurt Honolka, written in 1962 in an effort to "make the public believe that the most advanced music of the day was no more than a fancy cooked up by a bunch of aberrant conspirators conniving at war against music proper." This led to the use of the phrase "Darmstadt School" (coined originally in 1957 by Luigi Nono to describe the serial music being written at that time by himself and composers such as Boulez, Maderna, Stockhausen, Berio, and Pousseur) as a pejorative term, implying a "mathematical", rule-based music. Recordings The courses presented in 70 years around 5,000 world premieres. The record label col legno has published recordings, often documenting world premieres and first performances in Germany. Notes References Sources Includes a photo of Brown and Bruno Maderna in Darmstadt. Further reading IMD (ed.): Darmstädter Beiträge zur Neuen Musik (Mainz: Schott Music, 1958ff.), . Rudolf Stephan (ed.): Von Kranichstein zur Gegenwart 1946–1996. 50 Jahre Darmstädter Ferienkurse (Stuttgart: DACO-Verlag, 1996), . Gianmario Borio, Hermann Danuser (eds.): Im Zenit der Moderne, 4 vols. (Freiburg: Rombach, 1997), . MusikKonzepte Sonderband Darmstadt-Dokumente I (Munich: edition text und kritik, 1999), . External links Karlheinz Essl: Darmstadt in den 90er Jahren? (in German) in MusikTexte No. 35 (1990) 20th century in music Darmstadt Modernism (music) Music festivals in Germany