hundred years, until the demise of the Komnenian dynasty at the close of the 12th century. Bibliography Sources Norwich, John Julius (1997), A Short History of Byzantium, Viking, Haldon, John (2001), The Byzantine Wars, Tempus, Angold, Michael (1997), The Byzantine Empire, 1025–1204, A Political History, Longman, Memishoglu, Leon, Turks through History. 1091 in Europe 1090s in the Byzantine Empire 11th-century massacres Levounion Levounion Levounion Levounion Massacres in the Byzantine Empire Levounion Battles involving the Pechenegs