Stanisław Grabski (; 5 April 1871 – 6 May 1949) was a Polish economist and politician associated with the National Democracy political camp. As the top Polish negotiator during the Peace of Riga talks in 1921, Grabski greatly influenced the future of Poland and the Soviet Union. Stanisław Grabski was the brother of Władysław Grabski, another prominent Polish economist and politician who served as prime minister, and of political activist Zofia Kirkor-Kiedroniowa. Biography Stanisław Grabski became a political activist early in his life. In 1890, in Berlin, he edited (The Workers' Gazette). In 1892 he cofounded the Polish Socialist Party (PPS), but in 1901 he detached himself from that political movement to become a member of Roman Dmowski's "nationalist" camp (later known as National Democracy). A member of the National League since 1905, a year later he became one of its leaders. From 1907 he was a member of Dmowski's party, the National-Democratic Party. During World War I Grabski, like Dmowski, supported the idea that Poles should ally with Russia, and later he joined Dmowski's Polish National Committee (Komitet Narodowy Polski) in Paris. From 1919 to 1925, in newly independent Poland (the Second Polish Republic), he was a deputy to the Sejm (the Polish parliament) from the right-wing Popular National Union (Związek Ludowo-Narodowy). During the Polish-Soviet War (1919–1921), he strongly opposed the alliance between Poland and the Ukrainian People's Republic (represented by Symon Petliura). He resigned as chair of the parliamentary commission on foreign relations in protest of this alliance. During the negotiations of the Peace of Riga (1921), he was the most influential Polish negotiator and was largely responsible for their outcome. The peace treaty resulted in partitioning of Ukraine and Belarus between Poland and the Soviet Union. While peace with Soviet Russia had been accomplished, the "federalist" objectives of Józef Piłsudski had thus been defeated. In 1923 and from 1925 to 1926 he was the Minister of Religious Beliefs and Public Education. In that time he further pursued nationalist policies, especially Polonization. He was the architect of the 1924 Lex Grabski, which de facto sought to eliminate the Ukrainian language from Polish schools. These policies resulted in a dramatic increase in Ukrainian private schools and served to alienate Ukrainian youths from Polish authority. In 1926 he was also one of the first Poles to speak on radio, during the Polish Radio inauguration ceremony. He was also one of