resources from higher education institutions that have been trained in the military field for the Malaysian Armed Forces, whether regular or reserves. The Structure of ROTU at universities and institutions The ROTU structures differ between universities and institutions. However, each university and institution has a commandant, who is an honorary position given to the vice chancellor of the university or the chief executive officer of the institution, and a deputy commandant, who is the highest position for a staff-in-charge. The Deputy Commandant is assisted by the Head Instructor, an regular officer with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel for universities with larger ROTU and Major or Lieutenant Commander for universities with smaller ROTU. There is an adjutant and a regimental sergeant major below the Head Instructor. All of them are supported by regular officers and other ranks for a variety of tasks. In addition to regular Malaysian Armed Forces officers and other ranks, the ROTU is assisted by university lecturers or staff who were commissioned from ROTU during their learning days or are still active as reserve officers in any branch of the Malaysian Armed Forces. Selection and training of ROTU cadets Before being commissioned as an officer, ROTU cadets must complete three phases of training, each lasting a year. According to Malaysian government statistics from 2017, the maximum quota for total cadets for a university is 450 cadets for all three phases, with the exception of the National Defence University of Malaysia, which has a quota of 650 cadets, and the Universiti Teknologi MARA campuses, which has a quota of 105 cadets for each campus. Each year, new selections are made available to first-year students, and the number of new students admitted to the training programme is determined by the quota. This quota, however, only applies to the Army ROTU. There is no mention of any other types of ROTU. ROTU is accessible to full-time first-year bachelor's degree students. The minimum physical requirements for males under the MK LAT CPL/SIMP 500/3/5/6 are for height, for weight, and BMI does not exceed 26.9, while females are for height, for weight, and BMI does not exceed 26.9. They must also not be colorblind. First-year students interested in joining ROTU must submit their names and wait for selection. Selection All ROTU branches have a three-stage selection process. The first and second stages take place in their respective universities and institutions, while the third