helmet instead. Ferraù vows to win the helmet of Almonte, which now belongs to the greatest Christian knight, Orlando. He manages to possess it for a while but Ariosto predicts his ultimate death at the hands of Orlando. Like the character in the Pseudo-Turpin Chronicle and the 14th-century Italian epic La Spagna, Ferraù is completely invulnerable except via his navel. Ferragus in Valentine and Orson Ferragus is also the name of a completely different Saracen giant from Portugal in the medieval romance Valentine and Orson. Brother of Esclarmonde, he is responsible for imprisoning Bellissant, the sister of King Pepin, and is eventually beheaded by the Duke of Aquitaine . See also Fierabras (or Ferumbras): a Saracen knight (son of Balan, king of Spain), (sometimes also of gigantic stature), appearing in several chansons de geste and texts relating to the Matter of France. Unlike Ferragut, Fierabras converts to Christianity, joins Charlemagne's cause, and eventually becomes a ruler of Spain. Faraj ben Sālim, also known as Farragut of Girgenti, a Sicilian-Jewish physician and translator. Notes References Ariosto:Orlando Furioso, verse translation by Barbara Reynolds in two volumes (Penguin Classics, 1975). Part one (cantos 1–23) ; part two (cantos 24–46) Ariosto: Orlando Furioso ed. Marcello Turchi (Garzanti, 1974) Boiardo: Orlando innamorato ed. Giuseppe Anceschi (Garzanti,1978) Jessie Crosland. The Old French Epic. New York: Haskell House, 1951. Geneviève Hasenohr and Michel Zink, eds. Dictionnaire des lettres françaises: Le Moyen Age. Collection: La Pochothèque. Paris: Fayard, 1992. Luigi Pulci: Morgante: The Epic Adventures of Orlando and His Giant Friend a complete English translation by Joseph Tusiani. Introduction and notes by Edoardo Lèbano. (Indiana University Press, 1998) External links The character is depicted: as Ferracute in The History of Charles the Great and Orlando, a 19th-century English adaptation of the Historia Caroli Magni by Thomas Rodd: Archive.org (chapter XVII), Kellcraft Studios Web Textures as Ferragus in Jean Bagnyon's La Conqueste du grand roy Charlemagne des Espagnes a/k/a Fierabras: Lyon, 1497, Rouen, 1640 on Gallica Historia del emperador Carlo Magno, the Castillan translation of the Bagnyon text: 1765 edition on Google Books as Feragu in Entrée d'Espagne: Antoine Thomas, ed. 1913 (Feragu first appears in canto 3; the duel with Roland is depicted in verses 1630 to 4213, roughly) on Archive.org as Ferraù in La Spagna: Carlotta Gradi, ed. 1996. (Ferraù first appears in canto 2, stanza 6; his death occurs in canto 5) on Nuovo Rinascimento as