A field trial is a competitive event for gundogs. Field trials are conducted for pointing dogs and setters, retrievers and spaniels, with each assessing the different types various working traits. In the United States, field trials are also conducted for Basset Hounds, Beagles and Dachshunds. Pointer and setter trials Pointer and setter trials are trials for both pointing dogs and setters. During pointer and setter trials the dogs are run in a brace (pair of dogs run together) with two judges observing, the dogs are worked into the wind on live gamebirds, they are required to quarter their assigned beat, finding and pointing any game in the beat. Once on the point the dog must remain staunch until the judge indicates then move in and flush the bird, once the bird is flushed a shot is fired and dog must drop to the ground. Dogs are judged for their ability to find game, their style and staunchness on point, their backing of the other dog, their quartering ability and their pace, eliminating faults include flushing the game early, chasing the game, running out of control or giving tongue (barking). In the United States, dog handlers, judges and observers at American Kennel Club run pointer and setter trials often follow on horseback. Handlers, judges and observers at United Kennel Club trails are all on foot. The first pointer and setter field trial was conducted in Bedfordshire in 1865. HPR trials HPR trials are trials for hunt, point, retrieve or "versatile" pointer breeds, in these trials the dog is expected to find an point game like in a pointer and setter trial, but after the game is shot they are also expected to retrieve the shot game. HPR trials are usually conducted on varying terrain to test the dogs in different environments, and they usually include at least one retrieve from water. Spaniel trials Spaniel trials are designed to replicate the rough shoot that is typically undertaken by spaniels, where the spaniel quarters the ground in front of its handler flushing game and afterwards retrieving it. Usually two dogs are trialled simultaneously with a judge walking in line approximately apart judging each dog, the dogs are expected to work independently with the judges watching the dog's manner whilst quartering, courage in cover and game finding ability. It is desirable for both winged and ground game to be available during spaniel trials, once