that the state establishes military courts within the Chinese People's Liberation Army. There are three levels of military courts: military courts of the People's Liberation Army, military courts of military district-level units, and military courts of corps and military-level units. The military courts of the Chinese People's Liberation Army are responsible to the Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China and the General Political Department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and the military courts of other levels are responsible to the political organs at their own levels. The trial work of military courts at all levels is supervised by the Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China, and the trial work of military courts at lower levels is supervised by military courts at higher levels. The President of the Military Court of the Chinese People's Liberation Army shall be appointed and removed by the President of the Supreme People's Court upon request of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. In January 1983, the Military Affairs Department of the General Staff Department and the Organization Department of the General Political Department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army issued the Circular on the Establishment of Primary Courts, which provided that the military courts of provincial military districts had jurisdiction over criminal cases occurring within all troops stationed in the province. on June 10, 1983, the Central Military Commission issued the Regulations on the Authority to Grant Arrests and Trials, which provided that the military courts of provincial military districts had jurisdiction over persons below the rank of battalion to be In 1983, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the Decision on Strictly Combating Criminal Activities, and the Second Session of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress adopted the Decision on Strictly Punishing Criminals Who Seriously Endanger Social Security and the Decision on Procedures for Speedy Trial of Criminals Who Seriously Endanger Social Security In addition, the military courts at all levels, together with the defense and procuratorial organs, carried out the "strict crackdown" policy proposed by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, which was "to deal with the seriousness and speed of the crime and to eliminate it in one go". In 2012, the Supreme People's Court issued and implemented the Regulations on Certain Issues of Civilian Cases under the Jurisdiction of Military Courts. In