hanged himself in his residence in Offenbach 1882 – William Jevons was drowned while bathing. 1900 – Friedrich Nietzsche died after a mental breakdown. 1901 – Paul Rée fell to his death from a mountain. 1903 – Otto Weininger committed suicide by shooting himself. 1906 – Ludwig Boltzmann hanged himself. 1910 – Carlo Michelstaedter killed himself with a pistol he had in his house. 1911 – Paul Lafargue died with his wife, Laura Marx, in a suicide pact. 1915 – Emil Lask was killed in action as soldier in World War I. 1916 – J. Howard Moore shot himself in Jackson Park, Chicago. 1917 – Adolf Reinach fell outside Diksmuide in Flanders during World War I. 1919 – Rosa Luxemburg was murdered by the Freikorps. 1924 – Vladimir Lenin died of a brain hemorrhage. 1928 – Alexander Bogdanov died as a result of one of his experiments in blood transfusion. 1930 – Frank P. Ramsey died after "contracting jaundice" at the age of 26. (Jaundice by itself is not a cause of death but instead indicates hemolytic or hepatic disease.) 1931 – Jacques Herbrand died in a mountaineering accident in the Alps at the age of 23. 1936 – Moritz Schlick was murdered by an insane student. 1937 – Gustav Shpet was executed after being accused of involvement in an anti-Soviet organization. 1937 – Pavel Florensky was shot dead after being sentenced by an extrajudicial NKVD troika to death. 1937 – Antonio Gramsci died during his imprisonment by Benito Mussolini. 1939 – Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz committed suicide by taking an overdose of Veronal and trying to slit his wrists a day after the Soviet invasion of Poland; it was planned to be a joint suicide with a close friend of his but she survived the attempt. 1940 – Walter Benjamin committed suicide at the Spanish-French border, after attempting to flee from the Nazis. 1940 – Leon Trotsky was assassinated on Stalin's orders in Mexico, by Soviet agent Ramón Mercader, along with most of his family. 1941 – Henri Bergson died of pneumonia in occupied Paris, which he supposedly contracted after standing in a queue for several hours in order to register as a Jew. 1941 – Kurt Grelling was killed by the Nazis. 1941 – Edith Stein died in a gas chamber in the Auschwitz concentration camp. 1942 – Georges Politzer was executed by the Nazis. 1943 – Simone Weil