Baron Bo Gustaf Bertelsson Carpelan (25 October 1926 – 11 February 2011) was a Finland-Swedish poet and author. He published his first book of poems in 1946, and received his PhD in 1960. Carpelan, who wrote in Swedish, composed numerous books of verse, as well as several novels and short stories. In 1997, he won the Swedish Academy Nordic Prize, known as the 'little Nobel'. He was the first person to have received the Finlandia Prize twice (in 1993 and 2005). He won the 2006 European Prize for Literature. His poem, Winter was Hard, was set to music by composer Aulis Sallinen. He also wrote the libretto for Erik Bergman's only opera, Det sjungande trädet. Carpelan died of cancer on 11 February 2011. He is buried in the Hietaniemi Cemetery in Helsinki. He was a member of the Finnish noble family Carpelan. Carpelan went to Svenska normallyceum i Helsingfors and then studied history of literature at University of Helsinki. He became Doctor of Philosophy in 1960. Selected bibliography I de mörka rummen, i de ljusa (poetry collection, 1976) Urwind (novel, 1993) Berg (novel, 2005) References External links 1998 Interview with Bo Carpelan Bo Carpelan in 375 humanists 28.03.2015, Faculty of Arts, University of Helsinki 1926 births 2011 deaths Writers from Helsinki Finnish writers in Swedish Finlandia Prize winners 20th-century Finnish nobility Finnish literary critics Nordic Council Literature Prize winners 20th-century poets Burials at Hietaniemi Cemetery Opera librettists Swedish-speaking Finns 21st-century Finnish nobility