accompanied Pope Paschal to attend the synod. In the synod he repeated his objections to lay investiture, and he forbade clerics from wearing expensive secular clothes. He also consecrated Landolfo as Archbishop of Benevento on 8 November 1108. Bruno was present in Segni on 4 June 1109, to welcome the pope who had come to celebrate the canonization for Bruno's old friend Pietro di Anagni. Bruno is credited with having written the postulatio. Peter, a Crusader and church builder, had died only four years earlier. Pope Paschal made no objection to the pluralism involved in Bruno's episcopal and abbatial offices, until Bruno condemned the pope's signing of the Concordat of Ponte Mammolo in 1111. The pope and sixteen cardinals, including Bishop Pietro of Porto, had held captive for sixty-one days, while King Henry V pressed the pope to agree to his solution to the investiture controversy. In order to persuade the king to a compromise, Paschal granted the emperor a privilegium in the matter of investiture. On 18 April, at Ponte Mammolo on the Anio River, the cardinals who prisoners along with the pope were compelled to sign the papal promise to observe the agreement which Henry had drawn up. The privilegium was immediately denounced in all quarters. Bruno was minded to write a letter directly to Pope Paschal, complaining that he had heard that his enemies were telling Paschal that he was speaking badly about the pope; he condemned the treaty entered into so treacherously; he asked Paschal to confirm once again his apostolic constitution against investiture. When the bishops of Lucca and Parma and the ministers of the Camaldolese and Vallombrosian chapters asked his views on investiture as heresy and what the pope was thinking, Bruno imprudently wrote that the pope did not like him and did not consult him; but that he himself continued to follow the policy of Gregory VII and Urban II. He invited his correspondents to share his statements with whomever they wished. At a council held at the Lateran in March 1112, Paschal was compelled to retract his grant and modify his opinions in the investiture controversy. Bishop-Abbot Bruno, a vigorous opponent of investiture in any case, was present at the Lateran council of 1112. He made his opinion public in an extreme way in the Lateran synod of March 1116. Paschal gave another speech justifying his conduct, and Bruno arose to say,