3km wide active volcanic caldera, with many documented records of violent historic eruptions', the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) included 'The Cotacachi - Cuicocha volcanic complex' in its assemblage of 100 'geological heritage sites' around the world in a listing published in October 2022. The organisation defines an IUGS Geological Heritage Site as 'a key place with geological elements and/or processes of international scientific relevance, used as a reference, and/or with a substantial contribution to the development of geological sciences through history.' See also List of volcanoes in Ecuador The best tour to Cuicocha Lagoon References Stratovolcanoes of Ecuador Subduction volcanoes Calderas of Ecuador Geography of Imbabura Province Holocene calderas VEI-5 volcanoes First 100 IUGS Geological Heritage Sites