or camcorders. Increasingly these products have become based on digital technologies, and have largely merged with the computer industry in what is increasingly referred to as the consumerization of information technology. The CEA (Consumer Electronics Association) projected the value of annual consumer electronics sales in the United States to be over in 2008. Global annual consumer electronic sales are expected to reach by 2020. Effects on the environment Electrical waste contains hazardous, valuable, and scarce materials, and up to 60 elements can be found in complex electronics. The United States and China are the world leaders in producing electronic waste, each tossing away about 3 million tons each year. China also remains a major e-waste dumping ground for developed countries. The UNEP estimate that the amount of e-waste being produced – including mobile phones and computers – could rise by as much as 500 percent over the next decade in some developing countries, such as India. Increasing environmental awareness has led to changes in electronics design to reduce or eliminate toxic materials and reduce energy consumption. The Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (RoHS) and Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE) were released by the European Commission in 2002. Largest electronics industry sectors See also Consumer electronics Electronic engineering Electronics Microelectronics MOSFET Integrated circuit Nanoelectronics Power electronics Semiconductor Silicon Technology Notes References External links Joint Electron Device Engineering Council (JEDEC) Electronic Industry Citizenship Coalition Global Electronics Industry: Poster Child of 21st Century Sweatshops and Despoiler of the Environment?, Garrett Brown 20th-century introductions Industries (economics)