decrease disease prevalence on those animals (Synthesis of 45 experimental and observational studies), although a 2013 study offers more support showing that biodiversity may in fact enhance disease resistance within animal communities, at least in amphibian frog ponds. Many more studies must be published in support of diversity to sway the balance of evidence will be such that we can draw a general rule on this service. Greater species and trait diversity of plants may or may not increase long term carbon storage (Synthesis of 33 observational studies) Greater pollinator diversity may or may not increase pollination (Synthesis of 7 observational studies), but a publication from March 2013 suggests that increased native pollinator diversity enhances pollen deposition (although not necessarily fruit set as the authors would have you believe, for details explore their lengthy supplementary material). Services hindered Provisioning services Greater species diversity of plants reduces primary production (Synthesis of 7 experimental studies) Regulating services greater genetic and species diversity of a number of organisms reduces freshwater purification (Synthesis of 8 experimental studies, although an attempt by the authors to investigate the effect of detritivore diversity on freshwater purification was unsuccessful due to a lack of available evidence (only 1 observational study was found Effect of species diversity of plants on biofuel yield (In a survey of the literature, the investigators only found 3 studies) Effect of species diversity of fish on fishery yield (In a survey of the literature, the investigators only found 4 experimental studies and 1 observational study) Regulating services Effect of species diversity on the stability of biofuel yield (In a survey of the literature, the investigators did not find any studies) Effect of species diversity of plants on the stability of fodder yield (In a survey of the literature, the investigators only found 2 studies) Effect of species diversity of plants on the stability of crop yield (In a survey of the literature, the investigators only found 1 study) Effect of genetic diversity of plants on the stability of crop yield (In a survey of the literature, the investigators only found 2 studies) Effect of diversity on the stability of wood production (In a survey of the literature, the investigators could not find any studies) Effect of species diversity of multiple taxa on erosion control (In a survey of the literature, the investigators could not find any studies – they did, however, find studies on