preserved in other dialects, are in Bohairic (in non-final position) and respectively: "to me, to them" Sahidic , Akhminic and Lycopolitan , Fayyumic , Bohairic . Sahidic and Bohairic preserve before (etymological or from lenited or tonic-syllable coda ),: Sahidic and Bohairic 'to you (fem.)' < < . may also have different reflexes before sonorants, near sibilants and in diphthongs. Old surfaces as after nasals and occasionally other consonants: 'god' > has acquired phonemic status, as is evidenced by minimal pairs like 'to approach' < ẖnn vs. 'inside' < ẖnw. An etymological > often surfaces as next to and after etymological pharyngeals: < 'street' (Semitic loan). Most Coptic dialects have two phonemic vowels in unstressed position. Unstressed vowels generally became , written as or null ( in Bohairic and Fayyumic word-finally), but pretonic unstressed /a/ occurs as a reflex of earlier unstressed near an etymological pharyngeal, velar or sonorant ('to become many' < ꜥšꜣ ) or an unstressed . Pretonic [i] is underlyingly : Sahidic 'ibis' < h(j)bj.w . Thus, the following is the Sahidic vowel system c. AD 400: Phonotactics Earlier Egyptian has the syllable structure CV(ː)(C) in which V is long in open stressed syllables and short elsewhere. In addition, CVːC or CVCC can occur in word-final, stressed position. However, CVːC occurs only in the infinitive of biconsonantal verbal roots, CVCC only in some plurals. In later Egyptian, stressed CVːC, CVCC, and CV become much more common because of the loss of final dentals and glides. Stress Earlier Egyptian stresses one of the last two syllables. According to some scholars, that is a development from a stage in Proto-Egyptian in which the third-last syllable could be stressed, which was lost as open posttonic syllables lost their vowels: > 'transformation'. Egyptological pronunciation As a convention, Egyptologists make use of an "Egyptological pronunciation" in English: the consonants are given fixed values, and vowels are inserted according to essentially arbitrary rules. Two of these consonants known as alef and ayin are generally pronounced as the vowel . Yodh is pronounced , w . Between other consonants, is then inserted. Thus, for example, the Egyptian name Ramesses is most accurately transliterated as ("Ra is the one who bore him") and pronounced as . In transcription, , , and all represent consonants. For example, the name Tutankhamun (1341–1323 BC) was written in Egyptian as ("living image of Amun"). Experts have assigned generic sounds