without cause, one must endure it without feeling enmity, anger, resentment or anxiety. The concept of patience is explained as being more than trust, and as a value that reflects the state of one's body and mind. The term pariksaha is sometimes also translated as test or exam, in other contexts. Some of these concepts have been carried into the spiritual understanding of yoga. Sandilya Upanishad of Hinduism identifies ten sources of patience and forbearances: Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Brahmacharya, Daya, Arjava, Kshama, Dhriti, Mitahara and Saucha. In each of these ten forbearances, the virtuous implicit belief is that our current spirit and the future for everyone, including oneself, will be stronger if these forbearances are one's guide. Each source of those ten pariksaha (patience and forbearances) are: Ahimsa (non-violence) is not being violent to any human being and any living being at any time through one's action, with words one speaks or writes, or in one's thoughts. Satya is expressing and acting with truth. Asteya is not coveting of another’s property through any act of one’s mind, speech, or body. Brahmacharya is willingness to remain a bachelor by one's actions of mind, speech or body. Daya is unconditional kindness to everyone and all creatures. Arjava is the refusal to deceive or wrong others either by the performance or by non-performance of actions of one's mind, speech or body. Kshama is acceptance of suffering while forgiving all pleasant or unpleasant things, such as praise or blow by others. Dhriti is the will to remain of calm mind and spirit during periods of gain or loss of wealth or relatives. Mitahara is moderation and restraint in consumption of food, drinks and wealth. Saucha is the cleansing of the body by earth and water; and of the mind by the pursuit of understanding oneself. The classical literature of Hinduism exists in many Indian languages. For example, Tirukkuṛaḷ written between 200 BC and 400 AD, and sometimes called the Tamil Veda, is one of the most cherished classics on Hinduism written in a South Indian language. It too discusses patience and forbearance, dedicating Chapter 16 of Book 1 to it. Tirukkuṛaḷ suggests patience is necessary for an ethical life and one's long term happiness, even if patience is sometimes difficult in the short term. Some of the verse excerpts from this book are: "our conduct must always foster forbearance"; "one must patiently endure rude