Pardubice (; ) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 89,000 inhabitants. It is the capital city of the Pardubice Region and lies on the Elbe River. The historic centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation. Pardubice is known as the centre of industry, which represents by an oil refinery or an electronic equipment plant. The city is well known for its sport events, which include the Great Pardubice Steeplechase in horse racing, the Golden Helmet of Pardubice in motorcycle racing, and the Czech Open international chess and games festival. Administrative division Pardubice is divided into eight boroughs, which are further divided into 27 administrative parts (in brackets): Pardubice I (Bílé Předměstí (partly), Pardubice-Staré Město, Zámek, Zelené Předměstí (partly)); Pardubice II (Cihelna, Polabiny, Rosice (partly)); Pardubice III (Bílé Předměstí (partly), Studánka (partly)); Pardubice IV (Bílé Předměstí (partly), Černá za Bory, Drozdice, Mnětice, Nemošice, Pardubičky, Staročernsko, Studánka (partly), Žižín); Pardubice V (Dražkovice, Nové Jesenčany, Zelené Předměstí (partly)); Pardubice VI (Lány na Důlku, Opočínek, Popkovice, Staré Čívice, Svítkov, Zelené Předměstí (partly)); Pardubice VII (Doubravice, Ohrazenice, Rosice (partly), Semtín, Trnová); Pardubice VIII (Hostovice). Etymology The name Pardubice is derived from the personal Polish name Porydęb. It was the name of the leader of the monks who came here from Poland. For the first time the name was recorded in the form of Pordobice. Geography Pardubice lies about east of Prague. The city lies at the confluence of the Elbe and the Chrudimka rivers. There are several fish ponds, artificial lakes and oxbow lakes of the Elbe in the municipal territory. Pardubice is located in the East Elbe Table lowland, in the eastern part of the Polabí lowlands. The highest point is the hill Stropinský vrch with an elevation of , located on the southeastern municipal border. History The first written mention of Pardubice is from 1295, when Pope Boniface VIII took over the protection of the local Church of Saint Bartholomew with the order of Canons Regular of the Penitence of the Blessed Martyrs. In the first half of the 14th century, the settlement was acquired by a noble family, later known as Lords of Pardubice. In 1340, when Pardubice was inherited by Arnošt of Pardubice, it was first referred to as a city. In 1491, Pardubice was bought by Vilém II of Pernštejn, who continued to expand the town and made significant impact on