many as 2,000 traps. Around the year 2000, owing to overfishing and high demand, lobster aquaculture expanded. However, as of 2008, no lobster aquaculture operation had achieved commercial success, mainly because of lobsters' tendency towards cannibalism and the slow growth of the species. Species The fossil record of clawed lobsters extends back at least to the Valanginian age of the Cretaceous (140 million years ago). This list contains all extant species in the family Nephropidae: Acanthacaris Acanthacaris caeca A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 Acanthacaris tenuimana Bate, 1888 Dinochelus Ahyong, Chan & Bouchet, 2010 Dinochelus ausubeli Ahyong, Chan & Bouchet, 2010 Eunephrops Smith, 1885 Eunephrops bairdii Smith, 1885 Eunephrops cadenasi Chace, 1939 Eunephrops luckhursti Manning, 1997 Eunephrops manningi Holthuis, 1974 Homarinus Kornfield, Williams & Steneck, 1995 Homarinus capensis (Herbst, 1792) – Cape lobster Homarus Weber, 1795 Homarus americanus H. Milne-Edwards, 1837 – American lobster Homarus gammarus (Linnaeus, 1758) – European lobster Metanephrops Jenkins, 1972 Metanephrops andamanicus (Wood-Mason, 1892) – Andaman lobster Metanephrops arafurensis (De Man, 1905) Metanephrops armatus Chan & Yu, 1991 Metanephrops australiensis (Bruce, 1966) – Australian scampi Metanephrops binghami (Boone, 1927) – Caribbean lobster Metanephrops boschmai (Holthuis, 1964) – Bight lobster Metanephrops challengeri (Balss, 1914) – New Zealand scampi Metanephrops formosanus Chan & Yu, 1987 Metanephrops japonicus (Tapparone-Canefri, 1873) – Japanese lobster Metanephrops mozambicus Macpherson, 1990 Metanephrops neptunus (Bruce, 1965) Metanephrops rubellus (Moreira, 1903) Metanephrops sagamiensis (Parisi, 1917) Metanephrops sibogae (De Man, 1916) Metanephrops sinensis (Bruce, 1966) – China lobster Metanephrops taiwanicus (Hu, 1983) Metanephrops thomsoni (Bate, 1888) Metanephrops velutinus Chan & Yu, 1991 Nephropides Manning, 1969 Nephropides caribaeus Manning, 1969 Nephrops Leach, 1814 Nephrops norvegicus (Linnaeus, 1758) – Norway lobster, Dublin Bay prawn, langoustine Nephropsis Wood-Mason, 1872 Nephropsis acanthura Macpherson, 1990 Nephropsis aculeata Smith, 1881 – Florida lobsterette Nephropsis agassizii A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 Nephropsis atlantica Norman, 1882 Nephropsis carpenteri Wood-Mason, 1885 Nephropsis ensirostris Alcock, 1901 Nephropsis holthuisii Macpherson, 1993 Nephropsis malhaensis Borradaile, 1910 Nephropsis neglecta Holthuis, 1974 Nephropsis occidentalis Faxon, 1893 Nephropsis rosea Bate, 1888 Nephropsis serrata Macpherson, 1993 Nephropsis stewarti Wood-Mason, 1872 Nephropsis suhmi Bate, 1888 Nephropsis sulcata Macpherson, 1990 Thaumastocheles Wood-Mason, 1874 Thaumastocheles dochmiodon Chan & Saint Laurent, 1999 Thaumastocheles japonicus Calman, 1913 Thaumastocheles zaleucus (Thomson, 1873) Thaumastochelopsis Bruce, 1988 Thaumastochelopsis brucei Ahyong, Chu & Chan, 2007 Thaumastochelopsis wardi Bruce, 1988 Thymopides Burukovsky & Averin, 1977 Thymopides grobovi (Burukovsky & Averin, 1976) Thymopides laurentae Segonzac & Macpherson, 2003 Thymops Holthuis, 1974 Thymops birsteini (Zarenkov & Semenov, 1972) Thymopsis