research in Latin America. On the Council of Canadians web site, Barlow wrote: "This agreement sets enforceable global rules on patents, copyrights and trademark. It has gone far beyond its initial scope of protecting original inventions or cultural products and now permits the practice of patenting plants and animal forms as well as seeds. It promotes the private rights of corporations over local communities and their genetic heritage and traditional medicines". On the weekend of April 20, 2001, the 3rd Summit of the Americas was a summit held in Quebec City, Canada. This international meeting was a round of negotiations regarding a proposed FTAA. Agreements There are currently 34 countries in the Western Hemisphere, stretching from Canada to Chile that still have the FTAA as a long-term goal. The Implementation of a full multilateral FTAA between all parties could be made possible by enlargement of existing agreements. At this point Agreements within the Area of the Americas include: Previous agreements Canada: Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement (1988; superseded by the NAFTA) Canada, Mexico and United States: North American Free Trade Agreement (1994; superseded by the USMCA) Costa Rica- Dominican Republic (superseded by DR-CAFTA) Costa Rica- Trinidad and Tobago (superseded by a Costa Rica – CARICOM FTA). Current agreements Canada, Mexico and United States: United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA; 2020) Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Dominican Republic and United States: Dominican Republic–Central America Free Trade Agreement (DR-CAFTA; 2008) Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru: Pacific Alliance (2012) Chile–United States Free Trade Agreement (2004) Peru–United States Trade Promotion Agreement (2007) United States–Colombia Free Trade Agreement (2011) Panama–United States Trade Promotion Agreement (2011) Canada – Chile Canada – Colombia Canada – Costa Rica Canada – Honduras Canada – Panama Canada – Peru Chile – Mexico Chile – Costa Rica Colombia – CARICOM Colombia – Costa Rica Colombia – Northern Triangle Costa Rica – Mexico Costa Rica – CARICOM Mexico – Nicaragua Mexico – Uruguay Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela – Mercosur (1991) Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru – Andean Community (1969) Proposed agreements Active negotiations Canada-CARICOM: Canada-Central America (CA4TA – Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Honduras) Canada-Mexico-Peru-Chile [among other Pacific nations]: Trans-Pacific Partnership Negotiations on hold CARICOM-Mercosur: United States-Ecuador: U.S.-Ecuador Free Trade Agreement CARICOM-North American Free Trade Agreement, first discussed in 1993–1994 Security pacts United States-Central America-Mexico (Mérida Initiative) United States-CARICOM-Dominican Republic (Partnership for Prosperity and Security in the Caribbean See also Rules