in words. Thus The Etymologies are preoccupied with them, and only a few Elvish phrases are presented. The Etymologies discuss mainly the Quenya, Old Noldorin, and Noldorin languages. The text gives many insights into Elvish personal and place names which otherwise would remain opaque. Christopher Tolkien stated that his father "wrote a good deal on the theory of sundokarme or 'base structure' ... but like everything else it was frequently elaborated and altered". In 2003 and 2004, Vinyar Tengwar issues 45 and 46 provided addenda and corrigenda to the original published text. See also Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien A Elbereth Gilthoniel Lhammas Notes References Primary This list identifies each item's location in Tolkien's writings. Secondary Sources Bibliography This section lists the many sources by Tolkien documenting Elvish texts. Books A small fraction of Tolkien's accounts of Elvish languages was published in his novels and scholarly works during his lifetime. The Hobbit (1937) and The Adventures of Tom Bombadil (1962) contain a few elvish names (Elrond, Glamdring, Orcrist), but no texts or sentences. 1954–1955 The Lord of the Rings. 1968 The Road Goes Ever On. 1981 the "Oath of Cirion" in Unfinished Tales. 1983 "A Secret Vice" in The Monsters and the Critics, with Oilima Markirya, Nieninqe, and Earendel. 1985 "Fíriel's Song", in The Lost Road and Other Writings, p. 72. 1985 "Alboin Errol's Fragments", in The Lost Road and Other Writings, p. 47. Posthumous articles Many of Tolkien's writings on his invented languages have been annotated and published by Carl F. Hostetter in the journals Vinyar Tengwar and Parma Eldalamberon, as follows: 1989 "The Plotz Quenya Declensions", first published in part in the fanzine Beyond Bree, and later in full in "Vinyar Tengwar 6, p. 14. 1991 "Koivieneni Sentence" in Vinyar Tengwar 14, pp. 5–20. 1992 "New Tengwar Inscription" in Vinyar Tengwar 21, p. 6. 1992 "Liège Tengwar Inscription" in Vinyar Tengwar 23, p. 16. 1993 "Two Trees Sentence" in Vinyar Tengwar 27, pp. 7–42. 1993 "Koivieneni Manuscript" in Vinyar Tengwar 27, pp. 7–42. 1993 "The Bodleian Declensions", in Vinyar Tengwar 28, pp. 9–34. 1994 "The Entu Declension" in Vinyar Tengwar 36, pp. 8–29. 1995 "Gnomish Lexicon", Parma Eldalamberon 11. 1995 "Rúmilian Document" in Vinyar Tengwar 37, pp. 15–23. 1998 "Qenya Lexicon" Parma Eldalamberon 12. 1998 "Osanwe-kenta, Enquiry into the communication of thought", Vinyar Tengwar 39 1998 "From Quendi and Eldar, Appendix D." Vinyar Tengwar 39, pp.