Soviet Union invaded from Soviet Outer Manchuria as part of its declaration of war against Japan. Soon afterwards, the Chinese Communist Party and Chinese Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) started fighting for control over Manchuria. The communists won in the Liaoshen Campaign and took complete control over Manchuria. With the encouragement of the Soviet Union, Manchuria was then used as a staging ground during the Chinese Civil War for the Chinese Communist Party, which emerged victorious in 1949. Ambiguities in the treaties that ceded Outer Manchuria to Russia led to disputes over the political status of several islands. The Kuomintang government in Taiwan (Formosa) complained to the United Nations, which passed resolution 505 on February 1, 1952, denouncing Soviet actions over the violations of the 1945 Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance. As part of the Sino-Soviet split, this ambiguity led to armed conflict in 1969, called the Sino-Soviet border conflict, resulting in an agreement. In 2004, Russia agreed to transfer Yinlong Island and one half of Heixiazi Island to China, ending an enduring border dispute. See also Indigenous peoples of Siberia Religion in Northeast China Tungusic peoples References Citations Bibliography Elliott, Mark C. "The Limits of Tartary: Manchuria in Imperial and National Geographies." Journal of Asian Studies 59, no. 3 (2000): 603–46. Gamsa, Mark, "Manchuria: A Concise History", Bloomsbury Academic, 2020. Hata, Ikuhiro. "Continental Expansion: 1905–1941". In The Cambridge History of Japan. Vol. 6. Cambridge University Press. 1988. Jones, Francis Clifford, Manchuria Since 1931, London, Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1949 Kwong, Chi Man. War and Geopolitics in Interwar Manchuria (2017). Masafumi, Asada. "The China-Russia-Japan Military Balance in Manchuria, 1906–1918." Modern Asian Studies 44.6 (2010): 1283–1311. Nish, Ian. The History of Manchuria, 1840-1948: A Sino-Russo-Japanese Triangle (2016) Tamanoi, Mariko Asano. Crossed Histories: Manchuria in the Age of Empire (2005) Tao, Jing-shen, The Jurchen in Twelfth-Century China. University of Washington Press, 1976, . KISHI Toshihiko, MATSUSHIGE Mitsuhiro and MATSUMURA Fuminori eds, 20 Seiki Manshu Rekishi Jiten [Encyclopedia of 20th Century Manchuria History], Tokyo: Yoshikawa Kobunkan, 2012, External links Inner Asia Northeast Asia Regions of China Historical regions in Russia Historical regions