mainly for large excavations. |-style="vertical-align: top;" | Mini steel mills || Vertically integrated steel mills || By using mostly locally available scrap and power sources these mills can be cost effective even though not large. |-style="vertical-align: top;" | Plastic || Metal, wood, glass etc. || Bakelite and other early plastics had very limited use - their main advantages were electric insulation and low cost. New forms of plastic had advantages such as transparency, elasticity and combustibility. In the early 21st century, plastics can be used for many household items previously made of metal, wood and glass. |-style="vertical-align: top;" | rowspan="4" | Music and video || Digital synthesizer || Electronic organ, electric piano and piano || Synthesizers were initially low-cost, low-weight alternatives to electronic organs, electric pianos and acoustic pianos. In the 2010s, synthesizers are significantly cheaper than electric pianos and acoustic pianos, all while offering a much greater range of sound effects and musical sounds. |-style="vertical-align: top;" | Gramophone || Pianola |-style="vertical-align: top;" | Downloadable Digital media || CDs, DVDs || In the 1990s, the music industry phased out the vinyl record single, leaving consumers with no means to purchase individual songs. This market was initially filled by illegal peer-to-peer file sharing technologies, and then by online retailers such as the iTunes Store and Amazon.com. This low end disruption eventually undermined the sales of physical, high-cost recordings such as records, tapes and CDs. |-style="vertical-align: top;" | Streaming video || Video rental || Video on demand software can run on many Internet-enabled devices. Since licensing deals between film studios and streaming providers have become standard, this has obviated the need for people to seek rentals at physically separate locations. Netflix, a dominant company in this market, was cited as a significant threat to video stores when it first expanded beyond DVD by mail offerings. The Netflix co-founders approached rental chain Blockbuster LLC in 2000 trying to sell their company. Blockbuster declined and ultimately ceased operation ten years later. |-style="vertical-align: top;" | rowspan="2" | Photography || Digital photography || Chemical photography || Early digital cameras suffered from low picture quality and resolution and long shutter lag. Quality and resolution are no longer major issues in the 2010s and shutter lag issues have been largely resolved. The convenience of small memory cards and portable hard drives that hold hundreds or thousands of pictures, as well as the lack of the need to develop