This is a list of Austrian scientists and scientists from the Austria of Austria-Hungary. Economists Siegfried Becher, economist and government minister Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk Ernst Fehr Simon Gächter Friedrich Hayek, economist and social scientist, Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1974 Rudolf Hilferding (1877-1941), Marxist and politician (murdered by the Gestapo in Paris) Leopold Kohr, economist Carl Menger, founder of the Austrian School of economics Ludwig von Mises, free-market economist Oskar Morgenstern, co-founder of game theory Martin Nowak Joseph Schumpeter, economist (neoclassical), born in Triech, Austria-Hungary Othmar Spann, economist and philosopher Friedrich von Wieser, economist (regarded as follower of the Austrian School of economics) Engineers, inventors Carlo Abarth, motorcycle racer and car designer Igo Etrich (1879-1967), aviation pioneer and pilot Anselm Franz, pioneer in jet engine engineering Gaston Glock, inventor, founder of GLOCK GmbH Claire Gmachl, quantum cascade laser and mid-IR technologies pioneer Eduard Haas, inventor of Pez candy Ingeborg Hochmair, electrical engineer who developed the modern cochlear implant Viktor Kaplan, inventor of turbines for river power plants Wilhelm Kress, aviation pioneer, inventor of the stick control for airplanes Hedy Lamarr, known for research in frequencies, needed for mobile phones Siegfried Marcus, automobile pioneer (vehicles of 1870 and 1889), lived most of his life in Austria Alois Negrelli, engineer and railroad pioneer (created the plans for the Suez Canal) Ferdinand Porsche, automotive engineer, designed the Volkswagen (the "people's car"), born in Austria-Hungary Johann Puch, engineer and entrepreneur Josef Ressel, inventor of the marine screw propeller Edmund Rumpler, engineer, aviation pioneer Alois Senefelder, inventor of the printing technique of Lithography Nikola Tesla, inventor, mechanical engineer, and electrical engineer (prior to moving to Paris in 1882) Max Valier, rocketry pioneer Auer von Welsbach, inventor of gaslight Philosophers Nathan Birnbaum, philosopher (created the word "Zionism") Franz Brentano, philosopher and psychologist Martin Buber (1878-1965), philosopher, born in Vienna Christian von Ehrenfels, philosopher Herbert Feigl, philosopher (member of the Vienna Circle) Paul Feyerabend (died 1994), philosopher Philipp Frank, philosopher and physicist (member of the Vienna Circle) Heinrich Gomperz (1873-1942), philosopher, born in Vienna Edmund Husserl, philosopher (born in Prossnitz, Austria-Hungary) Victor Kraft, philosopher Nachman Krochmal, philosopher, historian and theologian Alexius Meinong (1853-1920), philosopher (theory of objects) Otto Neurath, socialist, economist and philosopher Karl Popper, philosopher (born in Austria, became British) Moritz Schlick, philosopher (member of the Vienna Circle) Othmar Spann, philosopher and economist Rudolf Steiner, mystic and philosopher Friedrich