phosphor that emits one of the display's base colors. Neon lighting and artists in light The mid to late 1980s was a period of resurgence in neon production. Sign companies developed a new type of signage called channel lettering, in which individual letters were fashioned from sheet metal. While the market for neon lighting in outdoor advertising signage has declined since the mid twentieth century, in recent decades neon lighting has been used consciously in art, both in individual objects and integrated into architecture. Frank Popper traces the use of neon lighting as the principal element in artworks to Gyula Košice's late 1940s work in Argentina. Among the later artists whom Popper notes in a brief history of neon lighting in art are Stephen Antonakos, the conceptual artists Billy Apple, Joseph Kosuth, Bruce Nauman, Martial Raysse, Chryssa, Piotr Kowalski, Maurizio Nannucci and François Morellet in addition to Lucio Fontana or Mario Merz. Several museums in the United States are now devoted to neon lighting and art, including the Museum of Neon Art (founded by neon artist Lili Lakich, Los Angeles, 1981), the Neon Museum (Las Vegas, founded 1996), the American Sign Museum (Cincinnati, founded 1999). These museums restore and display historical signage that was originally designed as advertising, in addition to presenting exhibits of neon art. Several books of photographs have also been published to draw attention to neon lighting as art. In 1994, Christian Schiess has published an anthology of photographs and interviews devoted to fifteen "light artists". List of neon light artists Billy Apple(1935) New Zealand / USA Frida Blumenberg (1935) South Africa Chryssa (1962) Greek-American Michael Flechtner (1951) US Michael Hayden (1943) Canada Joseph Kosuth (1965) US Piotr Kowalski (1927) Poland, France Brigitte Kowanz (1957) Austria Lili Lakich (1944) US Mario Merz (1925) Italy Victor Millonzi (1915) US Maurizio Nannucci (1939) Italy Bruce Nauman (1941) US Carla O'Brien Australia LED neon flex Bill Parker (1950) US - plasma lamp Stepan Ryabchenko (1987) Ukraine Lisa Schulte (1956) US Keith Sonnier (1941) US Rudi Stern (1936) US Tim White-Sobieski (1961) Poland See also Crackle tube Plasma globe References Further reading Len Davidson operated a neon museum in Philadelphia until 2006; the museum exhibited pieces from his large private collection. See