of the National Lawyers Guild; participated in the founding convention of the racially integrated National Lawyers Guild in 1937, and later served as its national vice-president; first African American lawyer in the U.S. Department of Labor (1939–1943) Clarence Darrow (LAW 1878), Leopold and Loeb lawyer, defense attorney for John T. Scopes Terry Davis (BUS: MBA 1962), member of the UK Parliament for 28 years, now Secretary General of the Council of Europe and human rights activist Geoffrey Fieger (BA 1974; MA 1976), attorney; defense attorney for Jack Kevorkian Alan Haber, first president of the Students for a Democratic Society Tom Hayden, author of Port Huron Statement; member of Chicago Seven; co-founder of Students for a Democratic Society; member of each house of California's Legislature Alireza Jafarzadeh, Iranian activist and nuclear analyst Lyman T. Johnson (AM 1931), history graduate; the grandson of slaves; successfully sued to integrate the University of Kentucky, opening that state's colleges and universities to African-Americans five years before the landmark Brown v. Board of Education ruling Maureen Greenwood, human rights activist active in Russia Belford Vance Lawson, Jr., attorney who made at least eight appearances before the Supreme Court; attended Michigan and became the school's first African American varsity football player Michael Newdow (LAW: JD 1988), made headlines by challenging the constitutionality of the Pledge of Allegiance Carl Oglesby, writer, academic, and political activist; president of the radical student organization Students for a Democratic Society from 1965 to 1966 Laura Packard (BS 1997), health care activist, blocked by Donald Trump on Twitter, spoke at 2020 Democratic National Convention. Milo Radulovich, became a symbol of the excesses of anti-Communism when he challenged his removal from the Air Force Reserve (judged a security risk) and his story was chronicled by Edward Murrow in 1953 on the television newsmagazine program See It Now; in 2008 the Board of Regents approved a posthumous Bachelor of Science degree with a concentration in physics Ralph Rose, six-time Olympic medalist, began the tradition of refusing to dip the United States flag during opening ceremonies Eliza Read Sunderland (PH.B 1889; PH.D. 1892), writer, educator, lecturer, women's rights advocate Jack Hood Vaughn (BA, MA), second director of the United States Peace Corps, succeeding Sargent Shriver Raoul Wallenberg (ARCH: B.Arch. 1935), Swedish diplomat, rescued thousands of Jews during the Holocaust, primarily in Hungary Jerry White (BUS: MBA 2005), co-founder and executive director of the Landmine Survivors Network