ancient Temple. However, many Hasidic Rabbis oppose smoking. In 2006, the Vaad Halacha (Jewish law committee), sponsored by the Rabbinical Council of America, ruled that the use of tobacco is forbidden to Jews, and the committee specifically cited and reversed precedents that permitted smoking. References Its bibliography: Ha-Maggid, viii., No. 37; Ha-Zefirah, i., No. 8 Keneset ha-Gedolah, iii., end A. K. Kaufman, Räuchert un Shikkert, Warsaw, 1900 Löw, Lebensalter, p. 351 Abrahams, Jewish Life in the Middle Ages, p. 139 Steinschneider, in Die Deborah (1894), vol. xl., No. 1. Bleich, J. D. "Smoking." Tradition 16, no. 4 (1977). ———. [Letter to the editor] Tradition 17 no. 3 (1978). ———. "Survey of Recent Halakhic Literature: Smoking." Tradition 23, no. 2 (1983). Etinger, Dov. Sefer Pe'er Tahat Efer: Ha-`Ishun Bi-Yeme Hol Uve-Yamim Tovim Le-or Ha-Halakhah. Yerushalayim: D. Etinger, 1988. Includes opinions by several important Orthodox rabbinic decisors. Feinstein, Moses. Sefer Igrot Moshe. RCA Roundtable. (Statement by progressive Orthodox Rabbis Saul Berman, Reuven Bulka, Daniel Landes and Jeffrey Woolf.) “Proposal on smoking” (unpublished) July 1991. Rosner, Fred. “Cigarette Smoking in Jewish Law” Journal of Halacha and Contemporary Society 4 (1982): 33-45 ———. Modern Medicine and Jewish Ethics. Hoboken, N.J. New York: Ktav Pub. House; Yeshiva University Press, 1986. Stone, Daniel. “Smoking in Halakhah” [Hebrew] Beit Yitzkhak 20 (1988) Waldenberg, Eliezer. Tzitz Eliezer. See: Schussheim, Eli and Eliezer Waldenberg. “Should Jewish law forbid smoking?” B’Or ha’Torah 8 (1993) Jewish medical ethics Jewish law Smoking Tobacco and religion