allegedly by poison: she was, no doubt, a potential focus of opposition to the usurper. Renier seems to have shared her fate, though his death is noted by very few sources. Alexios II was forced to recognise Andronikos as his co-emperor, and was soon murdered. The Latin massacre had not been forgotten, twenty years later, when the leaders of the Fourth Crusade found reasons to divert their expedition to Constantinople. Later sources suggest that Renier's surviving older brother Boniface based his claim to Thessalonica on his late brother's title. See also List of people who disappeared Notes Sources Nicetas Choniates, Historia, ed. J.-L. Van Dieten, 2 vols., Berlin and New York, 1975; trans. as O City of Byzantium, Annals of Niketas Choniates, by H.J. Magoulias, Detroit; Wayne State University Press, 1984, Bibliography Garland, Lynda, & Stone, Andrew, "Maria Porphyrogenita, daughter of Manuel I Comnenus", De Imperatoribus Romanis (external link) Queller, Donald E. & Madden, Thomas F. The Fourth Crusade: The Conquest of Constantinople (2nd Edition, 1999) Usseglio, Leopoldo. I Marchesi di Monferrato in Italia ed in Oriente durante i secoli XII e XIII, 1926. 1162 births 1183 deaths 12th-century Byzantine people 12th-century Italian nobility Aleramici Caesars (Byzantine nobles) Komnenos dynasty Missing person cases in Italy Murdered royalty Officials of Manuel I Komnenos