If these are prosperous and serene, it has to be gentle and protective, but if they are calamitous and turbulent, it has to be severe and armed with a strength equal to the dangers." References External links Manifiesto de Cartagena – Analitica.com (text of the Manifesto, in Spanish) Manifiesto de Cartagena – Monografías.com (commentary on the Manifesto, in Spanish) Independence of Colombia Independence of Venezuela Simón Bolívar Colonial Colombia Colonial Venezuela Political manifestos 1812 in Colombia 1812 in Venezuela 1812 in the Viceroyalty of New Granada 1812 documents