Abbacy of Saint Mary of Grottaferrata. Main sights The has several courts, which lead to the famous portico designed by Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, with an arcade of nine bays supported by slender columns with Renaissance capitals. Of the abbey church consecrated by John XIX in 1024, little can be seen in the interior except the mosaics in the narthex and over the triumphal arch, the medieval structures having been covered or destroyed during the "restorations" of various abbots in commendam. Some fragmentary thirteenth-century frescoes were revealed in a partial restoration of the church in 1904 to commemorate its novecentennial, when it was made a Roman basilica. The mosaics portray the Twelve Apostles sitting beside an empty throne, evoking Christ's ascent to Heaven. Domenichino's frescoes, commissioned by Cardinal Odoardo Farnese in 1608, can be seen in the chapel of St. Nilus. Annibale Carracci executed the altarpiece of the Madonna with Child with St. Nilus and St. Bartholomew. The modern portico protects the ancient façade; the marble portal with a mosaic above it, an example of Italo-Byzantine art of the twelfth century. In the interior is a baptismal font supported on winged lions, of the tenth or eleventh centuries. Noteworthy also is the Romanesque campanile (twelfth century), with five storeys of tripartite arched windows. The library of the Abbey, which contains some 50,000 volumes, has a paper conservation Laboratorio di Restauro, which was entrusted with the conservation of Leonardo's Codex Atlanticus from the Biblioteca Ambrosiana; the library houses writings of St. Nilus and his pupils and a rare copy of Alvise Cadamosto's collected travel accounts, printed in the early sixteenth century. Pope Benedict IX died and was buried in this abbey. International relations Grottaferrata is twinned with: Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France Patmos, Greece Bethlehem, Palestine Bisignano, Italy Bracigliano, Italy Oria, Italy Rofrano, Italy Rossano, Italy Sant'Elia Fiumerapido, Italy San Mauro la Bruca, Italy Climate The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Csa" (Mediterranean Climate). References Sources External links Exarchic Abbey of St. Mary in Grottaferrata Abbey of St. Nile Italy's Byzantine Catholics 1004 establishments in Europe 11th-century establishments in Italy Populated places established in the 11th century Cities and towns in Lazio Monasteries in Lazio Italo-Albanian Catholic Church Castelli Romani 11th-century establishments in the Papal States