This list is incomplete. You can help by expanding it. This is a list of former European colonies. North America Northern and Central America Britain British America (New Britain) Canadian colonies Island of St. John Rupert's Land (A private estate stretching from the Atlantic to the Rocky Mountains, and from the prairies to the Arctic Circle.) Lower Canada Province of Quebec Upper Canada Newfoundland Colony "Thirteen Colonies" New England Colonies: Province of Massachusetts Bay Province of New Hampshire Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations Connecticut Colony Province of New York Province of New Jersey Province of Pennsylvania Delaware Colony Province of Maryland Colony of Virginia Province of North Carolina Province of South Carolina Province of Georgia Other North American colonies Province of East Florida Province of West Florida Indian Reserve Middle Colonies Chesapeake Colonies Southern Colonies Oregon Country (disputed with France) British Honduras Mosquito Coast Bay Islands Belgium Santo Tomás de Castilla, Guatemala Denmark Greenland Danish West Indies Iceland Greenland Vinland (Newfoundland?) France New France Newfoundland Île-Royale (Cape Breton Island) Saint-Domingue (Haiti) Acadia Quebec Guadelupe Netherlands New Netherlands (Nieuw-Amsterdam / New York) Norway Iceland Greenland Portugal Claim to Labrador Claim and settlement in Terra Nova (Newfoundland) Russia Fort Ross, California Kauai Russian Alaska Scotland Nova Scotia Spain México (1521) Viceroyalty of New Spain (1535–1821) Las Californias Nuevo Reino de León Nuevo Santander Nueva Vizcaya Santa Fe de Nuevo México Nueva Extremadura Nueva Galicia Captaincy General of Cuba Puerto Rico Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic) Captaincy General of Guatemala Costa Rica El Salvador East Florida and West Florida Settlement at Nootka, near Vancouver Island, Canada Sweden New Sweden Caribbean Brandenburg St Thomas Britain Bahamas Barbados Belize Jamaica Leeward Islands Antigua and Barbuda Dominica Saint Christopher (St Kitts)-Nevis Trinidad and Tobago Windward Islands Grenada Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Courland New Courland (Tobago) Denmark-Norway Saint John Saint Thomas Saint Croix France Anguilla Antigua and Barbuda Dominica Grenada Montserrat Nevis Saint Christophe (St Kitts) Saint Croix Saint-Domingue (Hispaniola) Sainte-Lucia (St Lucia) Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Sint Eustatius Tobago Knights of Malta Saint Barthélemy Saint Martin Saint Christopher (St Kitts) Saint Croix Tortuga (off coast of Haiti) Netherlands Anegada New Walcheren (Tobago) Saint Croix Tortola Virgin Gorda Portugal Barbados Scotland Caledonia (Gulf of Darién) Spain Belize Jamaica Spanish West Indies The Bahamas Cuba Hispaniola Puerto Rico Trinidad Sweden Saint-Barthélemy Sweden-Norway Cooper Island South America Britain British Guiana Berbice, Essequibo, Demerara Surinam