the Peace of Westphalia both prince-bishoprics became a fief of the Holy Roman Empire to the Swedish crown in 1648. Later events The defeat of Denmark-Norway reversed the historic balance of power in the Baltic. Sweden gained domination of the Baltic, unrestricted access to the North Sea and was no longer encircled by Denmark–Norway. The surprise attack assured that Denmark–Norway now looked for an opportunity to recoup their losses, while Sweden looked for opportunities to expand further, setting the stage for continued conflict on the Baltic over the next century. With Denmark–Norway out of the war, Torstenson then pursued the Imperial army under Gallas from Jutland in Denmark south to Bohemia. At the Battle of Jankau near Prague, the Swedish army defeated the Imperial army under Gallas and could occupy Bohemian lands and threaten Prague, as well as Vienna. References History of the Norwegian People, by Knut Gjerset, The MacMillan Company, 1915, Volume II Nordens Historie, by Hiels Bache, Forslagsbureauet, Kjøbenhavn, 1884. Sweden and the Baltic, 1523–1721, by Andrina Stiles, Hodder & Stoughton, 1992 The Struggle for Supremacy in the Baltic: 1600–1725, by Jill Lisk; Funk & Wagnalls, New York, 1967 The Northern Wars, 1558–1721 by Robert I. Frost; Longman, Harlow, England; 2000 Thirty Years' War Wars involving Denmark Wars involving Sweden Wars involving Norway 17th century in Sweden 17th century in Denmark 17th century in Norway 1643 in Sweden 1643 in Denmark 1643 in Norway Conflicts in 1643 Conflicts in 1644 Conflicts in 1645 Denmark–Sweden relations Christina, Queen of Sweden