The addition of the prologue radically alters the significance of events in Eden. Rather than emphasizing a fall of human weakness in breaking God's command, Sethians (and their inheritors) emphasize a crisis of the Divine Fullness as it encounters the ignorance of matter, as depicted in stories about Sophia. Eve and Adam's removal from the Archon's paradise is seen as a step towards freedom from the Archons. Therefore, the snake in the Garden of Eden becomes a heroic, salvific figure rather than an adversary of humanity or a 'proto-Satan'. Eating the fruit of Knowledge is the first act of human salvation from cruel, oppressive powers. Sethian texts Most surviving Sethian texts are preserved only in Coptic translation of the Greek original. Very little direct evidence of Gnostic teaching was available prior to the discovery of the Nag Hammadi library, a collection of 4th-century Coptic translations of Gnostic texts which were apparently hidden in reaction to Athanasius of Alexandria's Easter letter of 367 which banned the use of non-canonical books. Some of these texts are known to have been in existence in the 2nd century, but it is impossible to exclude the presence of later syncretic material in their 4th-century translations. The Gospel of Judas (Codex Tchacos, c. 300; mentioned by Irenaeus, c. 180) Nag Hammadi library: The Apocalypse of Adam The Apocryphon of John (mentioned by Irenaeus, c. 180) The Thought of Norea The Trimorphic Protennoia (Codex XIII) The Holy Book of the Great Invisible Spirit (also known as the Coptic Gospel of the Egyptians) Zostrianos Three Steles of Seth Marsanes Melchizedek Allogenes The Thought of Norea The Second Treatise of the Great Seth The Reality of the Rulers, also known as The Hypostasis of the Archons The Thunder, Perfect Mind The Untitled Text (or Untitled Apocalypse or The Gnosis of the Light) (Bruce Codex, c. 5th century) The Coptic Apocalypse of Paul The Gospel of Judas is the most recently discovered Gnostic text. National Geographic has published an English translation of it, bringing it into mainstream awareness. It portrays Judas Iscariot as the "thirteenth spirit (daemon)", who "exceeded" the evil sacrifices the disciples offered to Saklas by sacrificing the "man who clothed me (Jesus)". Its reference to Barbelo and inclusion of material similar to the Apocryphon of John and other such texts, connects the text to Barbeloite and/or Sethian Gnosticism. See also Neoplatonism and Gnosticism John D. Turner Knights