clearly shaped in the manner of a documentary. In 1905, the Lumières ended their production of actualities, and within the next couple of years, major producers such as Edison and Biograph began to abandon the actuality genre; by 1907, American Biograph was no longer making them, and new start-up companies such as Kalem never produced them at all, concentrating instead on fiction films with actors. When Gaston Méliès arrived in the United States to found the American division of Star Film, he started out making actualities, but swiftly moved into making Westerns. This left production of actualities to smaller producers such as Mitchell and Kenyon in the UK, a company that made no other kinds of films, although Pathé continued to produce actuality films. In mid-1908, French Pathé introduced the first newsreel. The newsreel was a format in which actualities could be combined, and it provided a context for the views that was timely. Also that year, Charles Urban founded the Kinora Company, the first company established for the exclusive purpose of distributing documentaries and other kinds of non-fiction films. Although it is not altogether impossible to find actuality films made after 1910, the shift towards documentaries and newsreels rendered the genre irrelevant both commercially and artistically. Noted film-makers Alfred C. Abadie Raymond Ackerman Birt Acres Frederick S. Armitage Will Barker Billy Bitzer J. Stuart Blackton William K. L. Dickson Max Glücksmann William Heise Auguste and Louis Lumière Wallace McCutcheon Georges Méliès Miles Brothers Mitchell and Kenyon Paul Nadar William Daly Paley Gaston Quiribet R. W. Paul Albert E. Smith Manuel Trujillo Durán Charles Urban James H. White See also Documentary film Reality film Travelogue (films) References External resources The Library of Congress American Memory Collection Review of "The Lumière Brothers' First Films" from Silent Era The Cinématographe Lumière - The first public paying screening History of Edison Motion Pictures: Origins of Motion Pictures--the Kinetoscope The Spanish–American War in Motion Pictures Reviews of Films by White and Blechynden Film genres