and set alight by the inhabitants; retreating in the midst of a frigid winter, the army suffers great losses October 19: Beginning of the Great Retreat from Moscow October 24: Battle of Maloyaroslavets November: Crossing of the River Berezina December: Grande Armée expelled from Russia 1813 April 2: Battle of Lüneburg May 2: Battle of Lützen May 20–21: Battle of Bautzen May 26: Battle of Haynau June 4–26: Armistice of Poischwitz June 21: Battle of Vitoria August 15: Siege of Danzig August 23: Battle of Großbeeren August 26–27: Battle of Dresden August 26: Battle of Katzbach August 27: Battle of Hagelberg August 29–30: Battle of Kulm August 31: Battle of San Marcial September 6: Battle of Dennewitz September 16: Battle of the Göhrde September 28: Battle of Altenburg October 3: Battle of Wartenburg October 7: Battle of Bidassoa October 14: Battle of Liebertwolkwitz October 16–19: Battle of Leipzig October 30–31: Battle of Hanau November 10: Battle of Nivelle October 31: End of the Siege of Pamplona December 7: Battle of Bornhöved December 9–13: Battles of the Nive December 10: Battle of Sehestedt 1814 February 10–14: Six Days Campaign February 15: Battle of Garris February 27: Battle of Orthez April 10: Battle of Toulouse March 30–31: Battle of Paris April 4: Napoleon abdicates his rule and Louis XVIII, a Bourbon, is restored to the French throne April 11: Treaty of Fontainebleau (1814) Napoleon agrees to exile in Elba, the allies agree to pay his family a pension April 14: Battle of Bayonne May 4: Napoleon is exiled to Elba; his wife and son take refuge in Vienna 1815 February 26: Napoleon escapes from Elba March 20: Napoleon arrives in Paris Beginning of the Hundred Days June 16: Battle of Ligny June 18: Napoleon is defeated in the Battle of Waterloo June 28: Second restoration of Louis XVIII October 16: Napoleon is exiled to Saint Helena November 20: Treaty of Paris (1815) 1821 May 5: Napoleon dies References Jack Allen Meyer (1987). An Annotated Bibliography of the Napoleonic Era: Recent Publications, 1945-1985 Further reading William Leonard Langer & Peter N. Stearns. The Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically, Edition: 6, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2001 , Chapter "The Napoleonic Period, 1799-1815", pp. 435–441 External links Napoleon's itinerary day by day Napoleonic era