unquestionably enough to be a fourth amendment search requiring both probable cause and a warrant. In November 2017, the United States Supreme Court ruled in Carpenter v. United States that the government violates the Fourth Amendment by accessing historical records containing the physical locations of cellphones without a search warrant. See also Carpenter v. United States Cellphone surveillance Geolocation GLONASS Russian "Global Navigation Satellite System" Google Latitude GPS phone Indoor positioning Information privacy IMEI number Local positioning system Mass surveillance Mobile dating Mobile device forensics Mobile identification number Mobile phone tracking Mobile security Positioning technology Phone surveillance Radio resource location services protocol Real-time locating system Riley v. California Satellite navigation Secure telephone United States v. Jones (2012) United States v. Karo Vehicle tracking system 5G phone tracking vulnerabilities References External links GSM standard Mobile technology Crime prevention Criminal investigation Espionage techniques Mobile telecommunication services Privacy Geopositioning