to the next, with Tunduru District typically receiving less than 900 mm of rain annually, while Mbinga District records the greatest annual average rainfall of 1,225 mm. Particularly early in the day, the location of Ruvuma experiences relatively high mean humidity. In the month of March, the humidity is approximately 88 percent during the day, while in the month of October, it may only be 37 percent at night. Fauna Woodlands, bushland thickets, and grasslands make up the fauna of Ruvuma Region. Arable land's typical vegetation consists of planted trees, bamboos, and shrubs. The majority of the area is covered by miombo forests, which also extend into some areas of Tunduru, Mbinga, and the rural Songea district. Plantations of eucalyptus and pine trees have been planted all around Mount Matogoro.There are three species of common trees in the area: branchstegia, julbernardia, and isoberlinia. In recent times, a sizable portion of the Ruvuma region was covered by the forests (Miombo). Lower slopes include the bushland. The growth of bushes is a result of tree-cutting, shifting cultivation, curing tobacco, and forest clearing. Due to the harmful human activities outlined above, as well as the impacts of drainage and rainfall, grasslands are typically widespread in lowlands and plateau. Ruvuma, Njuga, Ngembambili, Lukimwa, Luegu, Luhuji, Mbarang'angu, Lutukira, and Ruhuhu were just a few of the rivers in the region. Economy According to the 2012 Population and Housing Census, approximately 75.8% of the region's population 10 years of age and older are employed in agriculture, which also provides the majority of the region's cash income from the production of coffee, beans, maize, ground nuts, paddy, potatoes, tobacco, cassava, sesame, millet, coconuts, cashew nuts, sorghum, fruits, and sunflowers. Approximately 7.5 percent of the active population work in trade and commerce, which is the second-most significant industry after agriculture. Domestic services (2.2 percent), manufacturing (1.7 percent), sales of raw foods (1.5 percent), fishing, hunting, and raising livestock (1.4 percent), and communications and transportation (2.9 percent) are the next most common occupations (0.1 percent). Agriculture The prevalence of smallholder peasant subsistence farming is one of the general characteristics of agriculture in the area. Smallholder farmers use improved seeds and fertilizers at a relatively higher rate than smallholder farmers in other areas, which accounts for the abundance of perennial goods like coffee (mostly grown in Mbinga District) and cashew nuts as well as annual crops like maize, sunflower, and