adequate water supplies. The presence of soap and toilet paper is very important, but is largely non-existent in many regions. Missing or inadequate doors and partitioning are observed in both high- and low-income countries, which can affect the children's self-esteem, especially around puberty; in the case of girls, lack of menstrual hygiene management and privacy (such as the availability of functional toilet doors with locks, disposal facilities and menstrual hygiene products in schools, lack of soap and toilet paper) can severely impact upon their well-being and is considered a form of violation of girl's rights. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has funded several research projects for provision of community, shared or school toilets in developing countries since 2011 when they launched their "Reinvent the Toilet Challenge". Prisons It is today accepted in the countries of the Council of Europe that a lack of basic privacy is a violation of fundamental rights. For example, the European Court of Human Rights ruled in Szafrański v. Poland (2015) that the forcing of prisoners to use the toilet without adequate privacy amounts to a violation of Article 8 (right to respect for private life) of the European Convention on Human Rights. Gallery See also National Public Toilet Map (in Australia) Sanitation Spray-and-vac cleaning, a method of professional cleaning References External links British Toilet Association Campaigning for Better Public Toilets for All American Restroom Association America's advocate for the availability of clean, safe, well designed public restrooms Australia's National Public Toilet Map shows the location of more than 14,000 public and private public toilet facilities across Australia. Public Toilets Database Locations of public toilets in 18 countries. New locations and comments can be added. Detailed information includes the geographic coordinates and quality of the facility. Needaloo The Uk Online Disabled Loo Locator PHLUSH Volunteer advocacy group for public toilets Urinal Dot Net Rooms Sanitation Equality rights Social inequality Women's health