to be carried out. The skull was too fragile to make a plaster cast. On July 6 in the morning, after the construction of a special scaffolding, the coffin was lifted with cranes to the top of the mausoleum and placed in the sarcophagus, and the side wall was bricked up. Character and legacy Bem was a man respected for his courage and heroic temper, both of which were in contrast with his small stature. His influence is said to have been magnetic: although none of his Székely subordinates understood the language he spoke, most revered him. As a soldier Bem was remarkable for his excellent handling of artillery and the rapidity of his marches. In Hungarian, he is often referred to affectionately as "Bem apó", which roughly translates into "Grandpa Bem" or "Old man Bem". In the 1930s Hungary and Poland each had a regiment of mounted artillery named for him. A statue to his honour has been erected at Marosvásárhely (now Târgu-Mureş, Romania) but he lives still more enduringly in the verses of the Hungarian national poet Sándor Petőfi, who fell in the fatal action of 31 July 1849 at the Battle of Segesvár. The Hungarian Revolution of 1956 (which originally started as a sympathy protest, supporting the Polish Poznań protests) began on October 23 with a protest at the foot of the Bem Statue in Budapest. Works Józef Bem published also in French, Polish and German languages books about the history of Poland, technology and military aspects: Józef Bem – "La Pologne dans ses anciennes limites et l'empire des Russies" 1836 Józef Bem - "Notes sur les fusées incendiaires" Józef Bem – "Erfahrungen über die Congrevischen Raketen" (Uwagi o rakietach zapalających, Practical Knowledge of Incendiary Rockets) 1820 Józef Bem – "O machinach parowych" (About Steam Engines) Józef Bem – "Węgrzy i Polacy w dzisiejszym stanie Europy" (Hungarians and Poles in Contemporary Europe) Józef Bem – "O powstaniu narodowym" (About National Uprisng) Honors Three commemorative postage stamps were issued on 10 December 1950 by Hungary on account of his death centenary. A souvenir sheet was issued on 10 December 1950 by Hungary on Stamp Day. On 15 March 1952 his stamp appears in Heroes of the 1848 Revolution series. Poland issued a commemorative postage stamp on 15 July 1948 in Revolution Centenaries series. Poland issued postage stamp on 10 December 1950 on his death centenary. Gallery In popular