the Swedish linguist Elof Hellquist has derived from a Proto-Norse , and linguists have further derived them from the old Proto-Indo-European root (cf. PIE , "deep"), a root that is also attested in German Topel ("forested valley") and Old Slavic dublŭ ("hole"). There are several place names in Denmark, Norway and Sweden that are identified as related to Dovre: Denmark Døvregaarde in the narrow valley Døvredal, in Bodilsker parish on Bornholm. Dover a place with steep slopes in Lintrup parish in Haderslev amt. Dovergaard located among deeply cut banks of a small stream, in Skipdsted parish near Aalborg. Dover vestergaard, an old farm name, and the bay Doverkil, with hilly terrain, in Ydby parish, near Thisted. Dover sogn a parish in Hjelmslev hundred in Århus amt. It has a hilly terrain with steep slopes. Norway Dovre herred. was originally the name of an old farm and it later became the name for the entire hundred. Dofrar was the name of a lost farm in Biri hundred, but it survives in the name of a local meadow Dåvreænga. Døvre, where the name is derived from dofrar and vin ("meadow"). Sweden Dovra sjöar ("lakes of Dovra"), which are three lakes (Northern/Upper, Middle, and Southern) in a fissure valley in Närke. Ödesdovra, a farm located at the southernmost extension of the valley. Dovern, a long and narrow inlet of the lake Glan in Östergötland, and there is a strait named Doversund and a farm named Doverstorp. The name has also been given to giants in Scandinavian legends. The name has been given to the giant Dofri, at Dovrefjell, who was helped by Harald Fairhair and in return assisted him all his life. In Närke, the Dovra lakes were attributed to the giantess Dovra who wept for her husband. From the oldest times has Dovrefjell been the border region between the northern and southern parts of Norway, and the road over the mountain was well known. The expression "til Dovre faller" ('until the Dovre mountains fall') is widely used in Norwegian. It was used in the oath sworn during the Norwegian Constituent Assembly in 1814, when Norway formed an independent nation after being in union with Denmark. At this time it was assumed that Snøhetta in Dovrefjell was the highest mountain in Norway, since the higher peaks in Jotunheimen were fairly unresearched. Geology Dovrefjell is a residual massif, which is a mass of rock