In this stage ego, superego and id are consolidated in definite intrapsychic structures. By successfully completing all the developmental tasks, the child has developed a neurotic personality organization, which is the strongest personality structure. Kernberg's view on drives In contrast with Freud's perspective, drives are not inborn according to Kernberg. The libidinal and aggressive drives are shaped, developed over time by experiences of interactions with others. The child's good and bad affects become consolidated and shaped into libidinal and aggressive drives. Good, pleasurable interactions with others consolidate, over time, into a pleasure-seeking (libidinal) drive. In the same way bad, unsatisfying and frustrating interactions with others, become consolidated into a destructive (aggressive) drive over time. Publications Borderline conditions and pathological narcissism, New York, Jason Aronson, 1975 Object relations theory and clinical psychoanalysis, New York, Jason Aronson, 1976 Severe personality disorders: Psychotherapeutic strategies, New Haven, Yale University Press, 1984 Aggression in Personality Disorders and Perversions, Yale University Press, 1992 The suicidal risk in severe personality disorders: Differential diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Personality Disorders. The Guilford Press, 2001 Notes References Christopher, J.C., Bickhard, M.H., & Lambeth, G.S. (2001). "Otto Kernberg's object relations theory: A metapsychological critique." Theory & Psychology, 11,687-711. Clarkin, J.F., Yeomans, F.E., & Kernberg O.F. (1999). Psychotherapy for Borderline Personality. New York: J. Wiley and Sons. Cohen, M. (2000). Love Relations: Normality and Pathology: Otto Kernberg, Yale University Press. Journal of American Academic Psychoanalysis, 28, 181-184. Consolini, G. (1999). Kernberg Versus Kohut: A (Case) Study in Contrasts. Clinical Social Work Journal, 27, 71-86. Foelsch, P. A. & Kernberg, O. F. (1998). Transference-Focused Psychotherapy for Borderline Personality Disorders. In Session: Psychotherapy in Practise. 4/2:67-90. Kernberg, O.F. (1975). Borderline Conditions and Pathological Narcissism.. New York: Aronson. Kernberg, O.F. (1976). Object Relations Theory and Clinical Psychoanalysis. New York: Jason Aronson. Kernberg, O.F. (1984). Severe personality disorders: Psychotherapeutic strategies. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Kernberg, O.F., Selzer, M.A., Koenigsberg H.A., Carr, A.C. & Appelbaum, A.H. (1989). Psychodynamic Psychotherapy of Borderline Patients. New York: Basic Books. Kernberg, O.F. (2001). The suicidal risk in severe personality disorders: Differential diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Personality Disorders. The Guilford Press Koenigsberg, H.W., Kernberg, O.F., Stone, M.H., Appelbaum, A.H., Yeomans, F.E., & Diamond, D.D. (2000). Borderline Patients: Extending the Limits of Treatability. New York: Basic Books. Mitchell, S.A. & Black, M., (1995). Freud and beyond: A history of modern psychoanalytic thought. Basic Books: New York. Solan, R. (1998).