International, this group proved a failure in its design to attract peasants and peasant organizations to the communist banner. The grim brutality of forced collectivization, followed by agrarian collapse and a massive famine in 1932–1933 essentially terminated any chance for a reestablishment of the so-called smychka between urban-oriented communist movement and the peasantry in ensuing years. See also International Agrarian Bureau Profintern Sportintern Kultintern Footnotes International gatherings Affiliated organizations Croatian People's Peasants Party (affiliated 1924–1925) Irish Working Farmers' Committee Mexican peasants' leagues (affiliated in 1923) Philippine Confederation of Peasants (Katipunan ng mga Anakpawis ng Pilipinas) (affiliated in 1929) Chinese Peasants‘ Association Further reading Lowell K. Dyson, "Red Peasant International in America," Journal of American History, vol. 58 (1972), pp. 958–973. Graeme J. Gill, Peasants and Government in the Russian Revolution. London: Macmillan, 1979. M.M. Goranovich, Крах зеленого интернационала, 1921–1938 (The Collapse of the Green International, 1921–1938). Moscow: Nauka, 1967. George D. Jackson, Jr., Comintern and Peasant in East Europe (1919–1930). New York: Columbia University Press, 1966. George D. Jackson, Jr., "The Krestintern and the Peasant as Revolutionary," Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas, vol. 14, no. 2 (June 1966), pp. 213–231. In JSTOR External links La Krestintern y La Liga Antiimperialista Le Parti communiste français à la campagne, 1920–1964. Organizations established in 1923 Organizations disestablished in 1939 Agrarian politics Comintern Political internationals 1923 establishments in Russia 1939 disestablishments in Russia