scandalized when the Princess de Solms flouted the emperor by appearing at the betrothal ball on the arm of U.S. Minister Daniel. She was an early woman journalist, and through Sainte-Beuve, Marie contributed to Le Constitutionnel under the pen name "Baron de Stock". She also wrote for the Pays and the Turf. After Savoy was annexed to France (1860) as another part of the agreement between Napoleon III and Cavour, Marie went back to Paris where she played a prominent part in the literary and social events of the time. She gathered in her salon men of all shades of opinion. In 1863, her husband having died, she remarried the Piedmontese statesman Urbano Rattazzi, and lived with him in Italy where she was known as "Divina Fanciulla". After his death in June 1873, Madame Rattazzi returned to Paris, and a few months later married her Spanish friend, under-secretary Don Luis de Rute y Ginez (1844–89), whom she also outlived. Marie died a widow in 1902 in Paris. She had one son, Alexis de Solms (1852–1927), fathered by her lover, Count Alexis de Pommereu; one daughter, Romana Rattazzi (1871–1943), by her second husband; and two adopted daughters, Teresa de Rute (1883–89) and Dolores de Rute (1885–88), with her third husband. She was buried in Aix-les-Bains (France). Writings Her writings consist of miscellaneous sketches, verses, plays, and novels, such as Si j'etais reine (1868) and Les mariages de la créole (1866), reprinted under the title La chanteuse (1870). Her 1867 novel Bicheville, a thinly disguised attack on the society of Florence, capital of the new Kingdom of Italy, caused serious embarrassment to Rattazzi, who was serving as prime minister of the recently established kingdom. She also wrote L'Aventurier des colonies (1885), a drama; and the volume of tales Enigme sans clef (1894). In 1881 she edited Rattazzi et son temps, and in the last two or three years of her life published two volumes of her own memoirs, and edited the Nouvelle revue internationale, to which she also contributed a significant amount. References Literature Bridges, Peter. Pen of Fire: John Moncure Daniel (Kent, Oh.: Kent State University Press, 2002) Dictionnaire du Second Empire (Paris: Librairie Artheme Fayard, 1995), 1205 Grand Dictionnaire Universel du XIX Siecle (Larouse) (Paris: Slatkine, 1982), 13:730 Grierson, Parisian Portraits (New York, 1913) External links 1831 births 1902 deaths 19th-century French women writers French editors French salon-holders French journalists