the KGB in October 1967, he was threatened with arrest if the book was published, but he ignored the threat and arranged for it to be published abroad as The Demonstration in Pushkin Square. He compiled a similar book about the Trial of the Four. On 25 August 1968, Litvinov was one of the participants in the 1968 Red Square demonstration against the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia that had taken place four days earlier. Among the others were Larisa Bogoraz, a philologist, the poets Natalya Gorbanevskaya and Vadim Delaunay, Viktor Fainberg, an art critic, and Vladimir Dremlyuga, a history student. They raised banners in Czech and Russian expressing support for Czechoslovak independence and solidarity with Alexander Dubček, the Czechoslovak leader who was the architect of the Prague Spring. The KGB arrested the protesters and beat them; they were tried in secret that October. Litvinov was sentenced to five years' exile in Chita, Zabaykalsky Krai, Siberia. In 1974, after his return from exile, Litvinov and his wife Maya left the Soviet Union and travelled to Vienna by train. From there, they relocated to Rome before moving to the United States. In New York, Litvinov joined fellow émigré dissident Valery Chalidze in publishing A Chronicle of Human Rights in the USSR, which documented political repression. Litvinov currently lives in the United States, where he taught physics and mathematics at the Hackley School in Tarrytown, New York from 1976 until his retirement in 2006. Other Pavel Litvinov is a son-in-law of the dissident and literary scholar Lev Kopelev. His son Dima Litvinov is an environmental activist with Greenpeace. In 2013, he was arrested as part of the Greenpeace Arctic Sunrise ship case. Pavel Litvinov is a member of the board of the Andrey Sakharov Foundation. In 2005 Pavel Litvinov participated in "They Chose Freedom", a four-part television documentary on the history of the Soviet dissident movement See also 1968 Red Square demonstration Notes Bibliography Further reading External links 1940 births Living people Scientists from Moscow Moscow State University alumni Soviet Jews Soviet schoolteachers Prague Spring Soviet dissidents Soviet human rights activists Jewish human rights activists Soviet prisoners and detainees Soviet emigrants to the United States Soviet people of British descent