England and Bohemia in the early fifteenth century. Lollards were followers of John Wycliffe (c. 1330–84) and later Jan Hus (c. 1369–1415), who called for reform of the Church and rejected its doctrine on the Eucharist. Despite evidence of a number of burnings of heretics and limited popular support for its anti-sacramental elements, it probably remained a small movement. There were also further attempts to differentiate Scottish liturgical practice from that in England, with a printing press established under royal patent in 1507 to replace the English Sarum Use for services. Notes References Barrow, G.W.S., The Kingdom of the Scots (Edinburgh, 2003). Barrow, G.W.S., Kingship and Unity: Scotland, 1000–1306 (Edinburgh. 1981). Broun, Dauvit and Clancy, Thomas Owen (eds.),Spes Scottorum: Hope of the Scots (Edinburgh, 1999). Clancy, Thomas Owen, "The real St Ninian", in The Innes Review, 52 (2001). Dumville, David N., "St Cathróe of Metz and the Hagiography of Exoticism," in Irish Hagiography: Saints and Scholars, ed. John Carey et al. (Dublin, 2001), pp. 172–6. Foster, Sally, Picts, Gaels and Scots: Early Historic Scotland (London, 1996). Stringer, Keith J., “Reform Monasticism and Celtic Scotland,” in Edward J. Cowan and R. Andrew McDonald (eds), Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages (East Lothian, 2000), pp. 127–65 Further reading Crawford, Barbara (ed.), Conversion And Christianity In The North Sea World (St Andrews, 1998) Crawford, Barbara (ed.), Scotland In Dark Age Britain (St Andrews, 1996) Medieval Catholic Church in Scotland