remaining in Istanbul to flee to Greece. The population profile of Crete was significantly altered as well. Greek- and Turkish-speaking Muslim inhabitants of Crete (Cretan Turks) moved, principally to the Anatolian coast, but also to Syria, Lebanon and Egypt. Conversely, Greeks from Asia Minor, principally Smyrna, arrived in Crete bringing in their distinctive dialects, customs and cuisine. According to Bruce Clark, leaders of Greece and Turkey, and some circles in the international community, saw the resulting ethnic homogenization of their respective states as positive and stabilizing since it helped strengthen the nation-state natures of these two states. Nevertheless, the deportations brought significant challenges: social, such as forcibly being removed from one's place of living, and more practical such as abandoning a well-developed family business. Countries also face other practical challenges: for example, even decades after, one could notice certain hastily developed parts of Athens, residential areas that had been quickly erected on a budget while receiving the fleeing Asia Minor population. To this day, Greece and Turkey still have properties, and even villages such as Kayaköy, that have been left abandoned since the exchange. See also Outline and timeline of the Greek genocide Cappadocian Greeks Caucasus Greeks Cretan Turks Fire of Manisa Fridtjof Nansen Great Fire of Smyrna Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922) Greek genocide Greek Muslims Greek refugees Greeks in Turkey Karamanlides Pontic Greeks Turks of Western Thrace Twice A Stranger: How Mass Expulsion Forged Modern Greece and Turkey Vallaades – Greek-speaking Muslims of Macedonia Further reading Filippidou, A. (2020). "The Impact of Forced Top-Down Nation Building on Conflict Resolution: Lessons from the 1923 Compulsory Population Exchange between Greece and Turkey." Nationalities Papers, 48(1), 144–157 Kostis, Kostas History's Spoiled Children The Story of Modern Greece, translated by Jacob Moe, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018, . References Further reading External links The Exchange of Populations: Greece and Turkey Ethnic cleansing in Asia Ethnic cleansing in Europe Deportation History of the Republic of Turkey History of Greece (1909–1924) Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922) 1923 in Greece 1923 in Turkey Greece–Turkey relations