The municipal government of Toronto (incorporated as the City of Toronto) is the local government responsible for administering the city of Toronto in the Canadian province of Ontario. Its structure and powers are set out in the City of Toronto Act. The powers of the City of Toronto are exercised by its legislative body, known as Toronto City Council, which is composed of 25 members and the mayor. The council passes municipal legislation (called by-laws), approves spending, and has direct responsibility for the oversight of services delivered by the city and its agencies. The mayor of Toronto serves as the chief executive officer and head of council. The day-to-day operation of the municipal government is managed by the city manager who is a public servant and head of the Toronto Public Service – under the direction of the mayor and the council. The government employs over 38,000 public servants directly, as well as affiliated agencies. Its operating budget was in 2020, including over $2.1billion for the Toronto Transit Commission and $2billion on emergency service agencies, such as the Toronto Police Service, Fire Services and Paramedic Services. Administration and governance As the City of Toronto is constituted by, and derives its powers from, the province of Ontario, it is a "creature of the province" and is legally bound by various regulations and legislation of the Ontario Legislature, such as the City of Toronto Act, Municipal Elections Act, Planning Act, and others. The City of Toronto Act lays down the division of powers, responsibilities and required duties of the corporation. It provides that if the City appoints a chief administrative officer (the city manager), then that person shall be responsible for the administrative management and operation of the City. The Toronto Public Service By-law (TPS By-law), Chapter 192 of Toronto's municipal code, further strengthens the separation of the administrative components (the public service) and the political components (mayor and council) of the City of Toronto. In general, the council determines the services provided to residents and develops programs and policies, while the public service implements the council's decisions. Toronto City Council The council is the legislative body of the City of Toronto. It is composed of 25 city councillors (each representing a ward of around 96,800 people), along with the mayor. Elections are held every four years, in October, with the mayor and councillors being elected by Canadian citizens who live or