Air traffic control in Australia is provided by two independent organisations, one civilian and one military. The civilian provider is Airservices Australia, which controls civilian airfields and airspace. The military provider is the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF), which controls military airfields and adjoining airspace. This includes Australian Army and Royal Australian Navy aviation bases. Some airfields in Australia are categorised as Joint User airfields, where there are both civilian and military operations based at the airfield. Normally, Joint User airfields have air traffic control provided by the RAAF. Air traffic controllers manage the safe and orderly flow of aircraft into, out of, and between airports throughout Australia and with overseas regions adjoining Australian airspace. Australian civilian air traffic controllers are employed under an Air Traffic Control Enterprise Agreement. History Civilian air traffic control developed after WWII when returning servicemen gained employment as both aircrew and ground control. From 1988 to 1995 air traffic control in Australia was the responsibility of the Civil Aviation Authority. The CAA was split into two separate government organisations in July 1995: Airservices Australia and the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA). Airservices Australia took responsibility for airspace management, aeronautical information, communications, radio navigation aids, airport rescue fire fighting services, and aviation search and rescue, while CASA assumed control of safety regulations, licensing of pilots and aviation engineers, and certification of aircraft and operators. The role of aviation search and rescue was transferred from Airservices Australia to the Australian Maritime Safety Authority in 1997. Civilian air traffic control Airservices Australia is a government-owned corporation that provides air traffic control (ATC) services, as well as other related services such as communications, navigation, surveillance, aeronautical data and airfield fire services. ATC services include tower, approach and centre (en route) services. Currently, most Airservices Australia ATC units use The Australian Advanced Air Traffic System. The introduction of the new computerised system increased controllers' productivity. Towers Airservices Australia operates from the following air traffic control towers: Major airports Adelaide Airport (YPAD), SA Brisbane Airport (YBBN), QLD Cairns Airport (YBCS), QLD Canberra Airport (YSCB), ACT Gold Coast Airport (YBCG), QLD Hobart Airport (YMHB), TAS Melbourne Airport (YMML), VIC Perth Airport (YPPH), WA Sydney Airport Air Traffic Control Tower (YSSY), NSW Other airports Albury Airport (YMAY), NSW Alice Springs Airport (YBAS), NT Archerfield Airport (YBAF), QLD Avalon Airport (YMAV), VIC Bankstown Airport Air Traffic Control Tower (YSBK), NSW Broome Airport (YBRM), WA