force from the King. Outside France, the dissolution of the Order was achieved with far less bloodshed, and surviving members of the order were absorbed into other religious institutions. Significance In September 2001, Barbara Frale, MA, found a copy of the parchment in the Vatican Secret Archives. Frale published her discoveries in the Journal of Medieval History and has written a book on the subject, Il papato e il processo ai templari. In 2007, The Vatican published the Chinon Parchment as part of a limited edition of 799 copies of Processus Contra Templarios after centuries of obscurity, with an eight-hundredth (unnumbered) copy being presented to Pope Benedict XVI. Another Chinon Parchment Another Chinon parchment has long been known to historians, having been published by Étienne Baluze in 1693 and by Pierre Dupuy in 1751. This other parchment is dated August 20, 1308, also at Chinon; it was written by cardinals Bérenger Fredol (cardinal priest of Saints Nereus and Achileus), , and Landolfo Brancaccio (deacon of Sant'Angelo in Pescheria). Addressed to Philip IV of France, the parchment states that absolution had been granted to all those Templars who had confessed to heresy, and that the writers had "restored them to the Sacraments and to the unity of the Church". See also History of the Knights Templar Notes References Barber, Malcolm, The Trial of the Templars (Cambridge) 1978. Grishin, A. A., The Knights Templar Absolution: The Chinon Parchment and the History of the Poor Knights of Christ. CreateSpace, 2013 Frale, Barbara. "The Chinon chart. Papal absolution to the last Templar, Master Jacques de Molay". Journal of Medieval History, 30,.2, April 2004, pp. 109–134 Frale, Barbara. Il papato e il processo ai templari : l'inedita assoluzione de Chinon alla luce della diplomatica pontificia. Le edizioni del Mulino. 2004 Frale, Barbara. Processus contra Templarios Vatican Secret Archive. 2007. Haag, Michael. The Templars: History and Myth, Profile Books, London 2008. Frale, Barbara. The Templars: The secret history revealed, Maverick House Publishers, Dunboyne 2009. External links Vatican Secret Archives Employees: Barbara Frale, MA Le edizioni del Mulino Foreign Rights The Chinon Parchment, a rough English translation - InRebus.com 14th-century Catholicism 1308 works Knights Templar 14th-century documents 2001 in Christianity Archives in Vatican City 2000s in Vatican City 1300s in France History of Indre-et-Loire