Electronic waste or e-waste describes discarded electrical or electronic devices. Used electronics which are destined for refurbishment, reuse, resale, salvage recycling through material recovery, or disposal are also considered e-waste. Informal processing of e-waste in developing countries can lead to adverse human health effects and environmental pollution. Electronic scrap components, such as CPUs, contain potentially harmful materials such as lead, cadmium, beryllium, or brominated flame retardants. Recycling and disposal of e-waste may involve significant risk to the health of workers and their communities. Definition E-waste or electronic waste is created when an electronic product is discarded after the end of its useful life. The rapid expansion of technology and the consumption driven society results in the creation of a very large amount of e-waste. In the US, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) classifies waste into ten categories: Large household appliances, including cooling and freezing appliances Small household appliances IT equipment, including monitors Consumer electronics, including televisions Lamps and luminaires Toys Tools Medical devices Monitoring and control instruments and Automatic dispensers These include used electronics which are destined for reuse, resale, salvage, recycling, or disposal as well as re-usables (working and repairable electronics) and secondary raw materials (copper, steel, plastic, or similar). The term "waste" is reserved for residue or material which is dumped by the buyer rather than recycled, including residue from reuse and recycling operations, because loads of surplus electronics are frequently commingled (good, recyclable, and non-recyclable). Several public policy advocates apply the term "e-waste" and "e-scrap" broadly to apply to all surplus electronics. Cathode ray tubes (CRTs) are considered one of the hardest types to recycle. Using a different set of categories, the Partnership on Measuring ICT for Development defines e-waste in six categories: Temperature exchange equipment (such as air conditioners, freezers) Screens, monitors (TVs, laptops) Lamps (LED lamps, for example) Large equipment (washing machines, electric stoves) Small equipment (microwaves, electric shavers) and Small IT and telecommunication equipment (such as mobile phones, printers) Products in each category vary in longevity profile, impact, and collection methods, among other differences. Around 70% of toxic waste in landfills is electronic waste. CRTs have a relatively high concentration of lead and phosphors (not to be confused with phosphorus), both of which are necessary for the display. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) includes discarded CRT monitors in its category of "hazardous household waste" but considers CRTs that have been