The 39th Canadian federal election was held on January 23, 2006. The Conservative Party of Canada, led by Stephen Harper, won a minority government. The Conservatives won 124 seats. The former governing party, the Liberal Party of Canada, won 103 seats. The separatist Bloc Québécois won 51 seats and the social-democratic New Democratic Party 29. An independent candidate won a seat in Quebec. The Conservatives won only 40.3% of the seats, the smallest share of house seats ever won by a government in an election. The Conservative's 36.3% of the vote was also the smallest vote share of a first-placed party until the 2019 Canadian federal election. Gains and losses The following seats changed allegiance from the 2004 election: Conservative to Liberal Desnethé—Missinippi—Churchill River Newmarket—Aurora Newton—North Delta West Vancouver—Sunshine Coast—Sea to Sky Country Conservative to NDP British Columbia Southern Interior New Westminster—Coquitlam Vancouver Island North Liberal to Conservative Ancaster—Dundas—Flamborough—Westdale Avalon Barrie Beauce Burlington Chatham-Kent—Essex Edmonton Centre Edmonton—Mill Woods—Beaumont Glengarry—Prescott—Russell Halton Kitchener—Conestoga Lambton—Kent—Middlesex Northumberland—Quinte West Ottawa West—Nepean Ottawa—Orléans Parry Sound—Muskoka Peterborough Pontiac Sarnia—Lambton Simcoe North St. Catharines Tobique—Mactaquac Whitby—Oshawa Winnipeg South Liberal to Bloc Ahuntsic Brome—Missisquoi Brossard—La Prairie Gatineau Jeanne-Le Ber Papineau Liberal to NDP Hamilton East—Stoney Creek Hamilton Mountain Parkdale—High Park London—Fanshawe Trinity—Spadina Victoria Western Arctic Bloc to Conservative Beauport—Limoilou Charlesbourg—Haute-Saint-Charles Jonquière—Alma Lévis—Bellechasse Lotbinière—Chutes-de-la-Chaudière Louis-Hébert Louis-Saint-Laurent Mégantic—L'Érable Bloc to Independent Portneuf—Jacques-Cartier NDP to Liberal Churchill Independent to NDP Surrey North Results by electoral district Atlantic provinces The Liberals won 20 seats in the Atlantic Provinces, the Conservatives nine and the NDP three. This is a swing of two seats from the Liberals to the Conservatives. Newfoundland and Labrador The Liberals won four seats and the Conservatives three. The Avalon seat changed hands from the Liberals to the Tories. The seat had been held by Natural Resources Minister John Efford, who is retiring. Fabian Manning has won the seat for the Conservatives over Bill Morrow. Prince Edward Island All four Liberal incumbents have been re-elected. This is the sixth consecutive sweep of Prince Edward Island for the federal Liberals. Nova Scotia All incumbent MPs in Nova Scotia were re-elected. There are six Liberal, three Conservatives and two NDP MPs in the province. New Brunswick Conservative Mike Allen defeated incumbent MP Andy Savoy in Tobique—Mactaquac. In the open seat of Moncton—Riverview—Dieppe, formerly held by Claudette Bradshaw, Brian Murphy kept the seat for the Liberals. Québec The Conservatives replaced the Liberals as the