may have fought against Menander I around 150–140 BCE. (Demetrius III possibly c. 150 BCE). This ephemeral ruler was possibly identical with the Demetrius, king of the Indians, who fought with Eucratides. Civil wars and nomad invasions (c. 130 BCE – 50 CE) Territories of Gandhara or western Punjab A smaller kingdom seems to have emerged in the Kabul valley, between c. 130–115/110 BCE. Thrason Son of Menander, ruled very briefly c. 130 BCE. Nicias Theophilos Coin Philoxenus Territories of Arachosia, Paropamisadae, Gandhara, western and eastern Punjab Lysias Coins and Antialcidas Coins were the most important successors of Menander. They ruled most of the Indo-Greek kingdom, though perhaps as co-rulers, c. 130–110 BCE. Philoxenus (c. 115–105 or 100–95 BCE) Coins. Philoxenus temporarily united the major kingdom with the smaller state in the Kabul valley. Territories of Arachosia and the Paropamisadae Diomedes (c. 105–95 BCE) Coin Hermaeus (reigned c. 95–80 BCE). ( Yuezhi or Saka rulers) Territories of Gandhara, western and eastern Punjab A number of kings fought for hegemony during the period after Philoxenus' death to the advent of Maues. Agathokleia (c. 110–105 BCE), Probably widow of another king, she was presumably regent for her son Strato I. Coins Strato I (c. 110–85 BCE) Coin The territory of Mathura and eastern Punjab may have been lost after Strato's death. Heliokles II (c. 95–80 BCE) Coins Archebios (c. 90–80 BCE) Coins Amyntas Nikator (c. 80–65 BCE) Coins The following minor kings ruled parts of the kingdom: Polyxenos (c. 80 BCE - possibly in Gandhara) Peukolaos (c. 90 BCE) Demetrius III Aniketos (possibly c. 75 BCE) Epander (c. 95–90 BCE) Coins Territories of the Paropamisadae and Gandhara During the 1st century BCE, the Indo-Greeks progressively lost ground against the invasion of the Indo-Scythians. After the invasion of (Maues), the following kings maintained themselves in the Paropamisadae or Gandhara: Menander II (c. 70–65 BCE) Coins Artemidoros (c. 75–65 BCE) Coins. Telephos (c. 65–60 BCE) Coins Despite his Greek name, Artemidoros was the son of Maues and therefore formally a Scythian king, and the ethnicity of Telephus is unknown as well. Territories of Gandhara, western and eastern Punjab Apollodotus II (c. 65–55 BCE) Coins Apollodotus II temporarily united most of the Indo-Greek kingdom, but after his death it fragmented again. Territories of Gandhara and western Punjab Hippostratos (c. 60–50 BCE)Coins, who was defeated by the Indo-Scythian King Azes I. (Azes I). Indo-Scythian king. Last