ones with the simplest morphologies: Abau, Iwam, Kwanga, Ambulas, Boiken, Iatmul, Ap Ma, Mikarew, Adjora, and Rao (these are all Sepik and Ramu languages). Pronouns The internal coherence of the two branches, Ramu and Lower Sepik, is based on similar pronoun paradigms, which however do not connect the two branches to each other. Foley was able to connect them lexically, but the primary evidence for a Ramu – Lower Sepik family is a number of irregular plural markers shared by the Lower Sepik languages and the Ramu languages Watam and Bosman. The pronouns themselves have little in common except for 3sg *man (proto-Ramu) ~ *mɨn (proto–Lower Sepik) and the non-singular affix *-ŋk- (dual in Ramu and paucal in Lower Sepik: See Ramu languages#Pronouns and Lower Sepik languages#Pronouns for details). Whereas the Ramu languages have *ŋgo ‘1sg’ and *nu ‘2sg’, the Lower Sepik languages have *ama ‘1sg’ and *mi ‘2sg’. {| ! !! Ramu !! Lower Sepik |- ! 1sg | *ŋgo || *ama |- ! 2sg | *nu || *mi |} Lexical comparison Reconstructions of proto-Lower Sepik and proto-Ottilien (proto-Watam-Awar-Gamay, a Lower Ramu branch) from Foley (2005) are as follows. Uncertain reconstructions are marked by question marks following the forms. {| class="wikitable sortable" ! gloss !! proto-Lower Sepik !! proto-Ottilien |- | one || *mb(w)ia- || *kaku |- | two || *ri-pa- || *mbuniŋ |- | person || *nor || *namot |- | fire || *awr || *s(u)ək |- | moon || *m(w)il ? || *kər(v)i |- | canoe || *kay || *kor |- | breast || *nɨŋgay || *mɨr |- | tooth || *sisiŋk ? || *nda(r) |- | bone || *sariŋamp || *ɣar |- | tongue || *minɨŋ || *mi(m) |- | eye || *tambri || *rəmeak |- | leg || *namuŋk || *or ? |- | ear || *kwand- || *kwar |- | leaf || *nɨmpramp || *(ra)par |- | oar || *(mɨ)naŋ || *anup |- | betelnut || *poruŋ || *mbok |- | lime || *awi(r) || *awi(r) |- | pig || *numpran || *rəkəm |- | snake || *wakɨn || *ndop |- | mosquito || *naŋgun || *ŋgit |- | feces || *mɨndi || *yu/o |- | hear || *and- || *varak |- | eat || *am(b) || *amb |- | go || *wa || *saŋg |- | come || *ya || *kɨp |- | sit || *sa || *mbirak |} Lexical resemblances are few.