to their own tribal structure, with each village belonging to a single tribe. As such, each village effectively has two names, the official Arabic name and the unofficial Assyrian name, with the latter being the name of the tribe that built the town. Al-Hasakah Governorate Villages in the Khabour River Valley Abu Tinah (Jilu) al-Kharitah (Tkhuma) Qaber Shamiyah (Diz) Tell Ahmar (Upper Tyari) Tell Arboush (Tkhuma) Tell Balouaah (Diz) Tell Baz (Baz) Tell Bureij (Tkhuma) Tell Damshij (Qodchanis) Tell Fuweidat (Nochiya) Tell Goran (Jilu) Tell Hefyan (Qodchanis) Tell Hermez (Tkhuma) Tell Jedaya (Gawar) Tell Jazira (Eiel) Tell Jemaah (Halmoun) Tell Kifji (Liwan) Tell Makhadah (Tkhuma) Tell Maghas (Gawar) Tell Massas (Barwar) Tell Najma (Sara) Tell Nasri (Upper Tyari) Tell Ruman Foqani (Baz) Tell Ruman Tahtani (Tkhuma) Tell Sakra (Tkhuma) Tell Shamah (Tkhuma) Tell Shamiram (Marbisho) Tell Tal (Tkhuma) Tell Talaah (Sara) Tell Tamer (Upper Tyari) Tell Tawil (Upper Tyari) Tell Wardiat (Tkhuma) Umm al-Keif (Timar) Umm Ghargan (Tkhuma) Umm Waghfa (Upper Tyari) Cities and towns with Syriac-Assyrian population Al-Darbasiyah Al-Hasakah Al-Malikiyah Al-Qahtaniyah Amuda Qamishli Ras al-Ayn Villages Berabeytê/Berebeyt (ܒܰܪ ܒܝܬܐܰ ,بره بيت) Ghardugah Khanik Kirku Shamu Mahriqan Qir Sharan Safiyah Tal Aluw Tall Jana Tell Halaf Tirbekay Damascus Governorate Note: Maaloula and neighboring Muslim-majority villages Jubb'adin and Al-Sarkha are the only villages left where a majority of the population speak the Western Aramaic dialects Damascus Saidnaya Maaloula Al-Sarkha Jubb'adin Homs Governorate Fairouzeh Zaidal Maskanah Al-Qaryatayn Sadad Turkey Diyarbakır Province Diyarbakır Batman Province Hesno d'Kefo Kafro 'Elayto Mardin province ʼArbo ʼAnḥel Beth Kustan Beth Debe, Turkish: Dibek Beth Man’am, Turkish: Bahminir Birguriya, Turkish: Birigirya Bnebil, Turkish: Benabil Boté, Turkish: Bardakçı Chtrako Dara, Turkish: Oğuz Derelya Dayro Daslibo Deyrqube Ehwo, Turkish: Güzelsu Eskikale Habsus, Turkish: Mercimekli Hah, Turkish: Anıtlı Harabale/Arkah, Turkish: Üçköy Harabémechka, Turkish: Dağiçi Kafro Tahtayto Iwardo Keferb Keferze Kelith, Turkish: Dereiçi Kerburan Kfarbé, Turkish: Güngören M’aré, Turkish: Eskihisar Ma'asarte, Turkish: Ömerli Mardin Midyat Mor Bobo, Turkish: Günyurdu Mzizah Nusaybin Qritho di‘Ito (Gundeké Sukru) Qritho Hanna (Gundeké Hanna) Saleh, Turkish: Barıştepe Séderi, Turkish: Üçyol Zaz Şırnak Province Azakh, Turkish: İdil Hoz, in Beytüşşebap Meer, Turkish: Kovankaya Öğündük Sare/Ester/Gawayto, Turkish: Sarıköy Hakkari Province The following is a list of Assyrian settlements in the Hakkari region prior to the Assyrian genocide of 1914. The Assyrian settlements in this region were divided into two groups, ashiret and rayyat. The ashiret settlements belonged to the five semi-independent tribes of Tyari, Tkhuma, Baz, Jilu, and Dez