longitudinal arch of the foot avoiding the bone structure of the ball and the heel. The vaults are particularly touch-sensitive and therefore susceptible to pain due to the tight clustering of nerve endings. Corporal When exerted with a thin and flexible object of lighter weight, the corporal effects usually remain temporary. The numerous bones and tendons of the foot are sufficiently protected by muscular tissue, so the impact is absorbed by the skin and muscular tissue. The skin under the soles of the human feet is of high elasticity and consistence similar to the palms of the hands. Lesions and hematoma therefore rarely occur while beating marks are mostly superficial. Depending on the characteristics of the beating device in use and the intensity of the beatings, the emerging visible aftereffects remain ascertainable over a time frame of a few hours to several days. The receiving person usually remains able to walk without help right after the punishment. When the beating is executed with heavy sticks like clubs or truncheons according to the falaka method, bone fractures commonly occur as well as nerve damage and severe hematoma. The sustained injuries can take a long time to heal, potentially with lasting or irreversible physical damage to the human musculoskeletal system. When thin and flexible instruments are used, the immediate experience of pain is described as acutely stinging and searing. The instant sensations are disproportionately intense compared to the applied force and reflexively radiate through the body. The subsequent pain sensations of a succession of strokes are often described as throbbing, piercing or burning and gradually ease off within a few hours. A slightly stinging or nagging sensation often remains perceptible for a couple of days, especially while walking. As the nerve endings under the soles of the feet do not adapt to recurring sensations or impacts, the pain reception does not alleviate through continuous beatings. On the contrary, the perception of pain is further intensified over the course of additional impacts through the activation of nociceptors. Over a sequence of impacts applied with nearly constant force, the perception of pain is therefore progressively intensifying until a maximum level of activation is reached. For that reason, a relatively gentle impact can cause an acute pain sensation after a certain number of preceding strokes. The subjective experience of corporal suffering can, however, largely diverge according to a person's individual pain tolerance. The pain reception