design. They include a short history of asynchronous design, as well as a technical introduction to handshaking protocols and data encoding, hazard-free logic, and controller design. They also cover recent industrial successes in mainstream technologies (IBM, Intel, Philips Semiconductors, etc.), as well as recent application to emerging areas (neuromorphic computers, flexible electronics, quantum cellular automata, continuous-time DSPs, ultra-low voltage design, extreme environments). Highlights several application areas in depth, with a wide range of cited publications: GALS systems, networks-on-chip, computer architecture, testing and design-for-testability, and CAD tool development. Claire Tristram, "It's Time for Clockless Chips", cover story, MIT's Technology Review Magazine, vol. 104:8, pp. 36–41, October 2001. C.H. van Berkel, M.B. Josephs, and S.M. Nowick, , Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 87, No. 2, pp. 223–233, February 1999. (This entire issue is devoted to asynchronous circuits, with many other relevant articles.) L. Lavagno and S.M. Nowick, "Asynchronous Control Circuits", chapter 10 in , pp. 255–284,(Includes pointers to recent asynchronous chips, as well as coverage of CAD techniques for asynchronous control circuits.) Adapted from Steve Nowick's column in the ACM SIGDA e-newsletter by Igor Markov Original text is available at https://web.archive.org/web/20060624073502/http://www.sigda.org/newsletter/2006/eNews_060115.html External links ARM ARM996HS clockless processor Navarre AsyncArt. N-Protocol: Asynchronous Design Methodology for FPGAs Asynchronous design page at Newcastle University Workcraft: toolset for asynchronous circuit synthesis and verification https://workcraft.org/ Electrical circuits Synchronization Electronic design automation Network architecture Formal methods