The Manual of Patent Examining Procedure (MPEP) is published by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) for use by patent attorneys and agents and patent examiners. It describes all of the laws and regulations that must be followed in the examination of U.S. patent applications, and articulates their application to an enormous variety of different situations. The MPEP is based on Title 37 of the Code of Federal Regulations, which derives its authority from Title 35 of the United States Code, as well as on case law arising under those titles. The first version of the MPEP was published in 1920 by the Patent and Trademark Office Society. The MPEP is used extensively by patent attorneys and agents to help make sure they and Examiners follow the proper USPTO regulations. The USPTO registration examination tests knowledge of the MPEP and the underlying laws and regulations. The MPEP is available in both PDF and HTML versions. The current version of the MPEP is the 9th Edition, which was released in March 2014. The MPEP has traditionally been available in paper form, but electronic versions are now used more often, particularly because an applicant only may consult the electronic versions while taking the USPTO registration examination, or the patent bar examination. As of March, 2014 the patent bar examination tests the 9th Edition. The MPEP provides guidance to members of the public on how to present persuasive arguments to a patent examiner as to why a patent should be granted on a given patent application. See in particular Chapter 2100 on patentability. Contents The MPEP comprises the following chapters: 0100, Secrecy, Access, National Security, and Foreign Filing 0200, Types, Cross-Noting, and Status of Application 0300, Ownership and Assignment 0400, Representative of Inventor or Owner 0500, Receipt and Handling of Mail and Papers 0600, Parts, Form, and Content of Application 0700, Examination of Applications 0800, Restriction in Applications Filed Under 35 U.S.C. 111; Double Patenting 0900, Prior Art, Classification, and Search 1000, Matters Decided by Various U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Officials 1100, Statutory Invention Registration (SIR) and Pre-Grant Publication (PG Pub) 1200, Appeal 1300, Allowance and Issue 1400, Correction of Patents 1500, Design Patents 1600, Plant Patents 1700, Miscellaneous 1800, Patent Cooperation Treaty 1900, Protest 2000, Duty of Disclosure 2100, Patentability 2200, Citation of Prior Art and Ex Parte Reexamination of Patents 2300, Interference Proceedings 2400, Biotechnology 2500, Maintenance Fees