Several leagues of cities (in German: Städtebünde, singular Städtebund) became influential in the history of the Holy Roman Empire. Military alliance and mutual assistance strengthened the position of imperial cities, especially during the interregnum period of the 13th to 14th century. 1167. The Lombard League was formed in 1167, supported by the Pope, to counter the attempts by the Hohenstaufen Holy Roman Emperors to assert influence over the Kingdom of Italy. At its apex, it included most of the cities of Northern Italy, but its membership changed with time. With the death of the third and last Hohenstaufen emperor, Frederick II, in 1250, it became obsolete and was disbanded. 1190. The Hanseatic League was a commercial and defensive confederation of merchant guilds and market towns in Northwestern and Central Europe. Growing from a few North German towns in the late 1100s, the league came to dominate Baltic maritime trade for three centuries along the coasts of Northern Europe. Hansa territories stretched from the Baltic to the North Sea and inland during the Late Middle Ages, and diminished slowly after 1450. 1197. The Tuscan League comprised the chief cities, barons and bishops of the Duchy of Tuscany, directed against the Holy Roman Emperor in alliance with the papacy. The original signatories were the communes of Lucca, Florence and Siena, the people living under the castles of Prato and San Miniato, and the bishopric of Volterra. They were later joined by the city of Arezzo. 1254. The First Rhenish League (Rheinischer Städtebund) existed only between 1254 and 1257. It comprised 59 cities. 1306. :de:Thüringer Dreistädtebund - the Three City League of Thuringia, was an alliance of Erfurt, Nordhausen and Mühlhausen against the princely Wettin family of Saxony. It lasted from 1306 - 1481. 1346. The Lusatian League () was a league of six towns in the Bohemian (1346–1635), later Saxon (1635–1815) region of Upper Lusatia, that existed from 1346 until 1815. The member towns were Bautzen (), Görlitz (), Kamenz (), Lauban (), Löbau () and Zittau () 1354. The Décapole (Dekapolis or ) was an alliance formed in 1354 by ten Imperial cities of the Holy Roman Empire in the Alsace region to maintain their rights. It was disbanded in 1679. 1367. The Confederation of Cologne was a military alliance against Denmark signed 1367 by cities of the Hanseatic League on their meeting called Hansetag in Cologne. 1381. A Second Rhenish