Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, commonly referred to as the Blue Bible or Goodman & Gilman, is a textbook of pharmacology originally authored by Louis S. Goodman and Alfred Gilman. First published in 1941, the book is in its thirteenth edition (as of 2017), and has the reputation of being the "bible of pharmacology". The readership of this book include physicians of all therapeutic and surgical specialties, clinical pharmacologists, clinical research professionals and pharmacists. While teaching jointly in the Yale School of Medicine's Department of Pharmacology, Goodman and Gilman began developing a course textbook that emphasized relationships between pharmacodynamics and pharmacotherapy, introduced recent pharmacological advances like sulfa drugs, and discussed the history of drug development. Yale physiologist John Farquhar Fulton encouraged them to publish the work for a broader audience and introduced them to a publisher at the Macmillan Publishing Company. Their new text was first published in 1941 under the title The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics: A Textbook of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics for Physicians and Medical Student. Because the volume was twice as long as a typical textbook, Macmillan printed few copies, but demand for a readable, up-to-date pharmacological text proved high, and several printings followed. Although rapid pharmacological innovations were made in the years immediately following—including the introduction of chemotherapy, steroids, antibiotics, and antihistamines—a second edition could not be completed until 1955 because of the authors' service in World War II. Thereafter, the text was revised every five years in collaboration with a large number of specialist coauthors. Gilman and Goodman remained the book's lead editors for the first five editions; Gilman remained an editor through the sixth edition, and Goodman through the seventh, which was published shortly after Gilman's death in 1984. Alfred Goodman Gilman, the son of Alfred Gilman and winner of the 1994 Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology, joined as senior editor for the book's sixth, seventh, and eighth editions, and a contributing editor to the ninth and tenth. Goodman died in 2000, and Goodman Gilman in December 2015. Editions Editions 1-5 The first five editions were published under the title The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics: A Textbook of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics for Physicians and Medical Students. 1st: 1387 pp. 2nd: 1831 pp. 3rd: 1785 pp. (London, Toronto: Collier-Macmillan) 4th: 1704 pp. (London, Toronto: Collier-Macmillan; Taipei: Mei-Ya) 5th: 1704 pp. (London, Toronto: Collier-Macmillan) Editions 6 onwards Editions 6 onwards