its in-house simplifications are called Asahi characters. For example, (KEIREN; cramp, spasm, convulsion) is simplified following the model of and . This is also said to have been done because in the age of typewriter-based printing, more complicated kanji could not be clearly printed. The Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) contain numerous simplified forms of Kanji following the model of the shinjitai simplifications, such as (the simplified form of ); many of these are included in Unicode, but are not present in most kanji character sets. Ryakuji for handwriting use, such as the abbreviations for (in simplified Chinese, this abbreviation, , has become official) and (which exists in Unicode as 㐧 ) are not a part of the shinjitai reforms and therefore do not carry official status. Methods of simplifying Kanji Adoption of grass script forms Cursive script (also known as grass script) and semi-cursive script forms of kanji were adopted as shinjitai. Examples include: (religion/ceremony radical) → Standardization and unification of character forms Characters in which there were two or more variants were standardized under one form. The character (TŌ, shima; island) also had the variant forms (still seen in proper names) and , but only the form became standard. The 辶 radical was previously printed with two dots (as in the hyōgaiji ) but was written with one (as in ), so the written form with one dot became standard. The upper 丷 portion of the characters and was previously printed as 八 and written 丷 (as in the aforementioned examples), but the old printed form is still seen in the hyōgaiji characters and . The character (SEI, SHŌ, ao; blue) was once printed as but written as , so the written form became standard; the old printed form is still found in the standard form in hyōgaiji characters such as and , but is used in some fonts. Change of character indicating On reading Characters of the keisei moji () group each contain a semantic component and a phonetic component. A choice was made to replace the phonetic parts with homophones which had fewer strokes. For example, was changed to , because and were homophones. Other simplifications of this method include . There are also colloquial handwritten simplifications (otherwise known as ryakuji) based on this model, in which various non-kanji symbols are used as onpu, for example (MA; demon) [simplification: ⿸广マ, 广+マ {Katakana ma}], (KEI; jubilation) [⿸广K, 广+K],