in Wayne Tower in the heart of Gotham City. The Bronze Age In 1970, Dennis O'Neil began writing stories for both Detective Comics and Batman, By issue #232 (June 1971) O'Neil had become the main writer on the Batman title, frequently collaborating with artist Neal Adams. O'Neil's early run as writer mainly featured original characters as villains; in issue #232 O'Neil and Adams introduced a new villain who would become a significant recurring antagonist, the mysterious immortal eco-terrorist Ra's al Ghul. Batman #237 (December 1971) featured a metafictional story by O'Neil and Adams which featured several comics creators appearing in the story and interacting with Batman and Robin at the Rutland Halloween Parade in Rutland, Vermont. In issue #251 (September 1973) O'Neil and Adams also revitalized the Joker by bringing him back to his roots as a homicidal maniac who murders people on a whim. Issues #254-261 (Jan.–Feb. 1974-March–April 1975) of the series were in the 100 Page Super Spectacular format, published bimonthly with several reprints of older stories included as backup features. O'Neil's run as the main writer on Batman concluded in 1975 with issue #268 (October 1975), although he would return to the title to write one-off issues several times afterwards. O'Neil was followed as the main writer on Batman by David Vern Reed, who had previously written for the series in the early 1950s. The series reached its 300th issue with a June 1978 cover date and featured a story by writer David Vern Reed and artists Walt Simonson and Dick Giordano. Len Wein became the writer of the series with issue #307 (January 1979) and in his first issue, created Wayne Foundation executive Lucius Fox, later portrayed by Morgan Freeman in the movies Batman Begins, The Dark Knight, and The Dark Knight Rises. Julius Schwartz ended his tenure as editor of the series with issue #309 (March 1979). After Wein, Marv Wolfman briefly wrote Batman and co-created the Electrocutioner in issue #331 (Jan. 1981). Gerry Conway, then the writer for Detective Comics, began writing Batman as well with issue #337 (July 1981), assisted with plotting in his earliest few issues by Roy Thomas. Conway included long-form story arcs that ran through both Batman-centric titles, effectively writing them as a single twice-monthly series rather than two separate monthly comics. One of the developments of Conway's run was to relocate Batman and Alfred back to Wayne Manor. Together