Portugal, superintendent () is an officer rank in the Public Security Police (PSP). It is senior to the police rank of intendant and inferior to the rank of chief superintendent, being roughly equivalent to a colonel in the military. Superintendents usually exercise the role of commanding officers of district commands or the role of second-in-command in the metropolitan and regional commands. The rank insignia of a superintendent consists of a dark blue epaulet with two crossed horsewhips inside a laurel wreath and three PSP stars arranged in an inverted triangle. Each PSP star consists of a six-point silver star with the "SP" monogram in the center. Singapore In Singapore, the rank is used in both the police (SPF) and immigration authorities (ICA) as both use the same rank structure. In the police, there are three ranks of superintendent: assistant superintendent of police (ASP), deputy superintendent of police (DSP), and superintendent of police (SP). These three ranks fall under the senior police officer category. South Africa Pre-Union The rank was introduced in 1825, for the head of the Cape Town police. It was discontinued in 1860. It was also used in the short-lived Griqualand Mounted Police from 1873 to 1880 and in the Natal Police from 1894 to 1913, the Transvaal Town Police from 1901 to 1908, the Transvaal Police from 1908 to 1913, and the Orange River Colony Police from 1908 to 1913. Post-Union The rank reappeared in the Union of South Africa as the rank of the head of the South African Railways & Harbours Police in 1944. It was equivalent to the military rank of colonel, with the same rank insignia. From 1946, there were three grades: chief superintendent (brigadier), deputy chief superintendent (colonel), and superintendent (lieutenant-colonel). The police titles were replaced by the military titles in the 1960s. The title was reinstated for the South African Police Service in 1995. There were two grades: senior superintendent (equivalent to colonel) and superintendent (lieutenant-colonel). The police titles were replaced by the military titles in 2010. Sri Lanka In Sri Lanka, superintendent of police (SP) is a senior gazetted officer rank senior to assistant superintendent of police and junior to senior superintendent of police. The latter was created in the 1980s. Superintendents are typically appointed as regional commanders of police divisions. United Kingdom The rank of superintendent is senior to chief inspector and junior to chief superintendent. The rank badge