and polaroid borders) grew immensely in popularity alongside the idea of social photography, the causal sharing of everyday images. Social photos differ from "true" photography as they are not meant to carry the same value or artistic qualities. Recent research and innovation Research and development continues to refine the lighting, optics, sensors, processing, storage, display, and software used in digital photography. Here are a few examples: 3D models can be created from collections of normal images. The resulting scene can be viewed from novel viewpoints, but creating the model is very computationally intensive. An example is Microsoft's Photosynth, which provided some models of famous places as examples. Panoramic photographs can be created directly in camera without the need for any external processing. Some cameras feature a 3D Panorama capability, combining shots taken with a single lens from different angles to create a sense of depth. Virtual-reality photography, the interactive visualization of photos. High-dynamic-range cameras and displays are commercially available. Sensors with dynamic range in excess of 1,000,000:1 are in development, and software is also available to combine multiple non-HDR images (shot with different exposures) into an HDR image. Motion blur can be dramatically removed by a flutter shutter (a flickering shutter that adds a signature to the blur, which postprocessing recognizes). It is not yet commercially available. Advanced bokeh techniques use a hardware system of 2 sensors, one to take the photo as usual while the other records depth information. Bokeh effect and refocusing can then be applied to an image after the photo is taken. In advanced cameras or camcorders, manipulating the sensitivity of the sensor with two or more neutral density filters. An object's specular reflection can be captured using computer-controlled lights and sensors. This is needed to create attractive images of oil paintings, for instance. It is not yet commercially available, but some museums are starting to use it. Dust reduction systems help keep dust off of image sensors. Originally introduced only by a few cameras like Olympus DSLRs, they have now become standard in most models and brands of detachable lens cameras, except the low-end or cheap ones. Other areas of progress include improved sensors, more powerful software, advanced camera processors (sometimes using more than one processor; for instance, the Canon 7D camera has two Digic 4 processors), enlarged gamut displays, built-in GPS and Wi-Fi, and computer-controlled lighting. See also Analog photography Automatic image annotation Camcorder