"But most of the Gadabuursi inhabit the Somali Region of Ethiopia (the so-called region five) where their paramount chief (the Ugaas) resides... In present day Awdal, most of the prominent elders have their main venues in the capital city of the region, Booroma. However, the paramount chief of the Gadabuursi local community, the Ugaas, has his main venue in Ethiopia." In Ethiopia, the Gadabuursi exclusively inhabit both the Awbare district in the Fafan Zone and the Dembel district in the Sitti Zone. The Gadabuursi also exclusively inhabit the Harrawa Valley which is considered to be traditional Gadabuursi territory. The Department of Sociology and Social Administration, Addis Ababa University, Vol. 1 (1994), describes the Awbare district as being predominantly Gadabuursi. The journal states: "Different aid groups were also set up to help communities cope in the predominantly Gadabursi district of Aw Bare." Filipo Ambrosio (1994) describes the Awbare district as being predominantly Gadabuursi whilst highlighting the neutral role that they played in mediating peace between the Geri and Jarso: "The Gadabursi, who dominate the adjacent Awbare district north of Jijiga and bordering with the Awdal Region of Somaliland, have opened the already existing camps of Derwanache and Teferi Ber to these two communities." Filipo Ambrosio (1994) highlights how the Geri and Jarso both sought refuge on adjacent Gadabuursi clan territory after a series of conflicts broke out between the two communities in the early 1990s: "Jarso and Geri then sought refuge on 'neutral' adjacent Gadabursi territory in Heregel, Jarre and Lefeisa." The Research-inspired Policy and Practice Learning in Ethiopia and the Nile region (2010) states that the Dembel district is predominantly Gadabuursi: "Mainly Somali Gurgura, Gadabursi and Hawiye groups, who inhabit Erer, Dambal and Meiso districts respectively." Richard Francis Burton (1856) describes the Harrawa Valley in the Gadabuursi country, as within sight of Harar: "In front, backed by the dark hills of Harar, lay the Harawwah valley." Captain H.G.C Swayne R.E. (1895) describes the Harrawa Valley as traditional Gadabuursi territory: "On 5th September we descended into the Harrawa Valley in the Gadabursi country, and back on to the high ban again at Sarír, four days later. We then marched along the base of the Harar Highlands, reaching Sala Asseleh on 13th September. We had experienced heavy thunder-storms with deluges of rain daily, and had found the whole country deserted." Captain H.G.C Swayne R.E. (1895) describes the Harrawa Valley as occupying an