later hour," according to Bates, who noted that by the time the 52nd Pennsylvania was involved, CSA troops had already "turned the left flank" of the other Union troops at Fair Oaks, "broken through on the Williamsburg road," and opened up a "destructive cross-fire" on Naglee's main force. In response, the 23rd Pennsylvania arrived, freeing up part of the 52nd Pennsylvania to advance. As it did, that detachment sustained a significant number of casualties; the 23rd Pennsylvania and remainder of the 52nd Pennsylvania were then forced to retreat. As the 52nd Pennsylvanians regrouped at sheltering structures along the Nine Mile road, they were then able to render "most effective service." Crossing to the left of Couch's Union troops, they advanced again, and made their way through a forest near Seven Pines, "where they remained actively employed until dark." At that point, CSA troops advanced "rapidly in masses to the rear of Nine Mile road," forcing Union troops to retreat, but the 52nd Pennsylvania, "having their line of retreat cut off," were forced to find another route of retreat. Escaping "by passing through the woods to the left and rear of the saw-mill at the White Oak Swamp" and then on to another Union line, they were finally able to reconnect with the 1st Brigade. McClellan later commended the brigade for gallantry. According to Bates, "Of the two hundred and forty-nine officers and men who went into the conflict, one hundred and twenty-five ... were killed or wounded. Of the latter were Captains Davis, who lost an arm, Lennard, Chamberlain, Weidensaul, and Carskaden." As records were updated, the names of four more 52nd Pennsylvania Volunteers were added to the list, bringing the regiment's total number of casualties to 129. On June 2, details were sent to recover the wounded and bury the dead. Among the dead was a member of F Company, whose body was found near a house at Seven Pines by his brother, a fellow 52nd Pennsylvanian, according to Mott, who added that wounded men who had been located by Captain Pickering and his detail were loaded onto an ambulance and returned to the regiment's encampment. When he reached the former camp of the 104th Pennsylvania near a house at Fair Oaks, Mott found more members of the 52nd who had been killed in action. In total of the 125 casualties, 26 had been killed in action, or died