dialects. Zhang (2000) selected four hundred core nouns from computer science and found that while 58% are identical in Standard and Taiwanese Mandarin, 22% were "basically" or "entirely" different. As cross-strait relations began to improve in the early 21st century, direct interaction between mainland China and Taiwan increased, and some vocabulary began to merge, especially by means of the Internet. For example, the words () píngjǐng 'bottleneck' and zuòxiù 'to grandstand, show off' were originally unique to Guoyu in Taiwan but have since become widely used in mainland China as well. Guoyu has also incorporated mainland phrases and words, such as qúdào, meaning 'channel (of communication)', in addition to the traditional Guoyu term, guǎndào. Words may be formed from abbreviations in one form of Mandarin but not the other. For example, in Taiwan, bubble tea, zhēnzhū nǎichá, is often abbreviated zhēnnǎi, but this is not common on the mainland. Likewise, traffic rules/regulations, () jiāotōng guīzé, is abbreviated as jiāoguī on the mainland, but not in Taiwan. Same word, different meaning Some identical terms have different meanings in Guoyu and Putonghua. There may be alternative synonyms which can be used unambiguously by speakers on both sides. The same word carry different connotations or usage patterns in Guoyu and Putonghua, and may be polysemous in one form of Mandarin but not the other. For example, () lǒngluò in Guoyu means 'to convince, win over', but in Putonghua, it carries a negative connotation (cf. 'beguile, coax'). () kuāzhāng means 'to exaggerate,' but in Taiwan, it can also be used to express exclamation at something absurd or overdone, a meaning that is not present in Putonghua. Another example is xiǎojiě, meaning 'miss' or 'young lady', regularly used to address young women in Guoyu. On the mainland, however, the word is also a euphemism for a prostitute and is therefore not used as a polite term of address. Differing usage or preferenceGuoyu and Putonghua speakers may also display strong preference for one of a set of synonyms. For example, both lǐbài () and xīngqí (xīngqī in Putonghua) are acceptable words for 'week' in Guoyu and Putonghua, but is more common in Taiwan.Guoyu tends to preserve older lexical items that are less used in the mainland. In Taiwan, speakers may use a more traditional zǎo'ān to say 'good morning', whereas mainland speakers generally default to zǎoshang hǎo, for instance. Both words are acceptable in either dialect.