torque-split, the Pro system is also capable of left-and-right torque split to the rear wheels. This is done via an active rear LSD. Additionally, ATTESA E-TS Pro was marketed as controlling the ABS system to each wheel independently, while the previous ABS computer could sense the speed of each wheel its ABS pump is only 3-channel (both rear brakes are linked as a pair). Although this is not part of the AWD system, the computer makes use of the same sensors to determine wheel slip and traction. On ATTESA E-TS Pro equipped vehicles, the front differential remains a standard differential, not being linked to the ATTESA E-TS Pro system. The R33 Skyline regularly updates the speed of the rear wheels to the wheel speed sensors 100 times per second while the R34 Skyline regularly updates the speed of the rear wheels to the wheel sensors 1,000 times per second. The 2009 Nissan GT-R uses an updated version of the ATTESA E-TS, which is designed to work with the car's rear transaxle layout. The system is unique in the way that it utilizes two driveshafts under the vehicle's centerline, with a second driveshaft running slightly to the right of the main driveshaft which transfers power to the front wheels. Unlike the previous ATTESA systems which relied heavily on mechanical feedback, the system in the GT-R uses electronic sensors and hydraulically actuated clutches. It also has a yaw-rate feedback control system, effectively managing slip angle. Front-to-rear torque split can go from 2:98 during a standing start to a maximum of 50:50 Models and types ATTESA E-TS system is used in the following models: R32 and R33 (1989–1997) GT-R, GTS-4 Skyline 1990–1994 Nissan Cefiro SE4, LNA31 Nissan Skyline GT-R - 1989–2003 Nissan Stagea Nissan Laurel C34 (1994-1997) and C35 (1997–2002) 1997–2003 Infiniti QX4 Infiniti G35x/G25x/G37x/Nissan Skyline (V35 & V36) Infiniti M35x/45x/37x/56x/Nissan Fuga Infiniti QX70 Infiniti EX/Nissan Skyline Crossover (with Active Brake Limited Split for side-to-side torque split, as needed) Nissan Cedric (Gloria/Cedric with RB25DET engine) Nissan Skyline Sedan 350GT FOUR Hybrid/Infiniti Q50 ATTESA E-TS Pro system is used in the following models: R33 (1995–1997) Nissan Skyline GT-R (offered as a factory option) R33 Nissan Skyline GT-R V-spec R34 (1998–2002) Nissan Skyline GT-R (all models) 2008+ Nissan GT-R (different implementation) See also 4Matic - a four-wheel drive system from Mercedes-Benz 4motion - a four-wheel drive system from Volkswagen All-Trac - a four-wheel drive system