aspired to their African American jazz counterparts’ idea of music’s ability to affirm one’s humanity and culture. For Asian American musicians, that meant experimenting with and incorporating Asian musical instruments, forms, scales, rhythms, and aesthetic concepts into jazz-based music. Part of Wong’s leaning toward intercultural explorations derives in part from the Association for the Advancement of Creative Music’s (AACM) idea of improvisation as a means for cross-cultural communication in developing one’s music. Wong’s albums, Pachinko Dreamtrack 10 with Glenn Horiuchi and Joseph Jarman (1999) and Mo’ Betta Butta with William Roper and Bobby Bradford (2008) represent his interracial and intercultural partnerships, as does the collaborative performance of “4X4,” featuring Wayne Wallace Latin Jazz Quartet meets Francis Wong Special Edition Quartet on May 23, 2012 at the Hall of Culture, African American Arts and Culture Complex. The intercultural mix of Wong’s “Persistence of Vision Project” combined the talents of Tatsu Aoki, Elliott Humberto Kavee, Jon Jang, John Carlos Perea, and Hafez Modirzadeh with poets Lawson Fusao Inada and Genny Lim. The piece was performed for Asian Improv Arts’ 20th Anniversary celebration in September 2007. As a pioneering member of the Asian American creative music scene in the San Francisco Bay Area, Wong’s interdisciplinary work with other Asian American artists stemmed from the communal activity at the I-Hotel (International Hotel). The community group Kalian Collective joined forces with Asian American gallery artists, poets, dancers, muralists, politicos, college students and Filipino tenants who set up operations in the hotel to save it from urban renewal. The Asian American movement in the 1970s that followed integrated political, social, cultural, and artistic ideas. Many artists spurred by the communal activity and the movement collaborated to create new work. This set the tone for Wong and many Asian American artists, resulting in interdisciplinary works promoted and produced by Asian Improv Arts. “Diaspora Tales #2: 1969” performed in April 2010 is an interdisciplinary piece featuring music by the Francis Wong Unit, spoken word by A.K. Black, dance by Lenora Lee, and media design by Olivia Ting. The project was a commission of the Oakland Asian Cultural Center with a grant from the East Bay Fund for Artists of the East Bay Community Foundation. Connecting to communities and forming relationships is important to Wong. Newly emerged Asian American creative music burgeoned in the 1970s when African American and Asian American musicians played together in clubs in the historic