in 1886, This new method of joining pieces of stained glass used copper/copper foil instead of lead sashes. By using copper foil, one could now make cylinders, cones, and globe-shaped shades or many other irregular forms. Tools Tools to complete a glasswork project can include: brushes: toothbrush, scrub brush, flux brush or cotton swabs carbide grinding stone cloths cork-backed straightedge crimper or burnisher, for copper foil glass cutter glass grinder glazing hammer gloves hammer and horseshoe nails lathekin mask: dust mask or respirator metal files patinas permanent marker pliers: breaker-grozier, combination, running safety glasses saw: miter came saw, hacksaw or side cutters scissors soldering iron sponge utility knife vise wire brush See also Qamariya Notes References Further reading Heinz, Thomas A. (September/October 1989). "Use & Repair of Zinc Cames in Art-Glass Windows". Old House Journal. pp. 35–38. Stained Glass Association of America (1992). SGAA Reference & Technical Manual. Second Edition. Lee's Summit, MO: The Stained Glass Association of America. Restoration Department of Interior (2004). The Preservation of Historic Architecture: The U.S. Government's Official Guidelines for Preserving Historic Homes. Lyons Press Series. Globe Pequot. pp. 397–403. . The Census of Stained Glass Windows in America (1988). The Conservation and Restoration of Stained Glass: An Owner's Guide. Raleigh, NC: Stained Glass Associates. Glass art Artistic techniques Medieval art Stained glass ar:زجاج معشق بصفائح النحاس de:Bleiglasfenster