date of the said Treaty, or sooner, if it be possible, which shall be done in the city of Buenos Ayres. In testimony whereof, the Undersigned Plenipotentiaries of his Excellency the Provisional Governor of the Oriental Republic of the Uruguay, of His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil, and of his Excellency the President of the Argentine Republic, in virtue of our full powers, do sign this Treaty and do cause to be put thereto our seals in the city of Buenos Ayres, the 1st of May, in the year of our Lord 1865. (Signed) C. DE CASTRO. F. OCTAVIANO DE ALMEIDA ROSA RUFINO DE ELIZALDE *************ProtocolTHEIR Excellencies the Plenipotentiaries of the Argentine Republic, of the Oriental Republic, of the Oriental Republic of the Uruguay, and of his Majesty the Emperor of Brazil being assembled at the Department for Foreign Affairs, agreed: 1. That in fulfilment of the Treaty of Alliance of this date, the fortifications of Humaitá shall be caused to be demolished, and it shall not be permitted that others of an equal nature should be erected, which might impede the faithful execution of that Treaty. 2. That it being one of the measures necessary to guarantee peace with the Government that shall be established in Paraguay not to leave arms or elements of war, those that are met with shall be divided in equal shares between the allies. 3. That the trophies and booty that may be taken from the enemy shall be divided between the allies who make the capture. 4. That the Chiefs in command of the allied armies shall concert measures to carry what is here agreed on into effect. And they signed this at Buenos Ayres on the 1st of May,1865. (Signed) CARLOS DE CASTRO. RUFINO DE ELIZALDE F. OCTAVIANO DE ALMEIDA ROSA Ratification The treaty could not take full effect until ratification. In Argentina, it was ratified by the Senate and the House of Representatives in secret session on 24 May 1865 but subject to a little-known exception. Instruments of ratification were exchanged between Argentina and Brazil on June 12 and between Argentina and Uruguay on June 13. Exception to ratification The legislature of the Argentine Republic did not fully ratify Article I of the Protocol to the Treaty, which omission was kept secret until after the war. In 1872, historian Louis Schneider wrote that the allies did not ratify all of the