operations, such as the tour, to compare the groups. It is becoming common terminology to call the persistent operation painting, Identification: which could also be called labeling or label brushing, is another plot manipulation that can be linked. Bringing the cursor near a point or edge in a scatterplot, or a bar in a barchart, causes a label to appear that identifies the plot element. It is widely available in many interactive graphics, and is sometimes called mouseover. Scaling: maps the data onto the window, and changes in the area of the. mapping function help us learn different things from the same plot. Scaling is commonly used to zoom in on crowded regions of a scatterplot, and it can also be used to change the aspect ratio of a plot, to reveal different features of the data. Linking: connects elements selected in one plot with elements in another plot. The simplest kind of linking, one-to-one, where both plots show different projections of the same data, and a point in one plot corresponds to exactly one point in the other. When using area plots, brushing any part of an area has the same effect as brushing it all and is equivalent to selecting all cases in the corresponding category. Even when some plot elements represent more than one case, the underlying linking rule still links one case in one plot to the same case in other plots. Linking can also be by categorical variable, such as by a subject id, so that all data values corresponding to that subject are highlighted, in all the visible plots. Other perspectives There are different approaches on the scope of data visualization. One common focus is on information presentation, such as Friedman (2008). Friendly (2008) presumes two main parts of data visualization: statistical graphics, and thematic cartography. In this line the "Data Visualization: Modern Approaches" (2007) article gives an overview of seven subjects of data visualization: Articles & resources Displaying connections Displaying data Displaying news Displaying websites Mind maps Tools and services All these subjects are closely related to graphic design and information representation. On the other hand, from a computer science perspective, Frits H. Post in 2002 categorized the field into sub-fields: Information visualization Interaction techniques and architectures Modelling techniques Multiresolution methods Visualization algorithms and techniques Volume visualization Within The Harvard Business Review, Scott Berinato developed a framework to approach data visualisation. To start