in Loughton, Essex, England, in 1841. It was first set to music by Adams's sister, the composer Eliza Flower, for William Johnson Fox's collection Hymns and Anthems. In the United Kingdom, the hymn is usually associated with the 1861 hymn tune "Horbury" by John Bacchus Dykes, named for a village near Wakefield, England, where Dykes had found "peace and comfort". In the rest of the world, the hymn is usually sung to the 1856 tune "Bethany" by Lowell Mason. British Methodists prefer the tune "Propior Deo" (Nearer to God), written by Arthur Sullivan (of Gilbert and Sullivan) in 1872. Sullivan wrote a second setting of the hymn to a tune referred to as "St. Edmund". Mason's tune has also penetrated the British repertoire. The Methodist Hymn Book of 1933 includes Horbury and two other tunes, "Nearer To Thee" (American) and "Nearer, My God, To Thee" (T C Gregory, 1901–?), while its successor Hymns and Psalms of 1983 uses Horbury and "Wilmington" by Erik Routley. Songs of Praise includes Horbury, "Rothwell" (Geoffrey Shaw) and "Liverpool" (John Roberts/Ieuan Gwyllt, 1822–1877) Liverpool also features in the BBC Hymn Book of 1951 and the Baptist Hymn Book of 1962 (with Propior Deo) The original English Hymnal includes the hymn set to Horbury, while its replacement New English Hymnal drops the hymn. Hymns Ancient and Modern included Horbury and "Communion" (S S Wesley), although later versions, including Common Praise, standardise on Horbury. Other 19th century settings include those by the Rev. N. S. Godfrey, W. H. Longhurst, Herbert Columbine, Frederic N. Löhr, Thomas Adams, Stephen Glover, Henry Tucker, John Rogers Thomas, and one composed jointly by William Sterndale Bennett and Otto Goldschmidt. In 1955, the English composer and musicologist Sir Jack Westrup composed a setting in the form of an anthem for four soloists with organ accompaniment. RMS Titanic and SS Valencia "Nearer, My God, to Thee" is associated with the sinking of the RMS Titanic, as some survivors later reported that the ship's string ensemble played the hymn as the vessel sank. For example, Violet Jessop said in her 1934 account of the disaster that she had heard the hymn being played; Archibald Gracie IV, however, emphatically denied it in his own account, written soon after the sinking, and wireless operator Harold Bride said that he had heard "Autumn", by which he may have meant Archibald Joyce's then-popular waltz "Songe d'Automne" (Autumn Dream). Feature