for entertaining children. The yōkai comic artist Mizuki Shigeru published a story about how a chōchin-obake would surprise people and suck out their souls, but it did not cite any primary sources. Also, Yōkai considered to be chōchin in the legends are often described as atmospheric ghost lights like chōchinbi rather than as the tool itself. In an old story from the Yamagata Prefecture: at a shrine with an aged chōchin, a chōchin-obake would appear and frighten humans. The obake would no longer appear after the chōchin was put away. See also :ja:不落不落 ('Burabura', possibly a type of Chōchin-obake) Karakasa Obake Tsukumogami Yōkai Notes Further reading "Bakechochin." The Element Encyclopedia of the Psychic World. Harper Element. (2006) Bush, Lawrence. Asian horror encyclopedia: Asian horror culture in literature, manga and folklore. Writers Club Press. (2001) Kenkyūsho, Nihon Shakai Shisō. Japan interpreter: Volumes 8-9. (Tokyo, Japan), Nihon Shakai Shisō Kenkyūsho, Tokyo. (1974) Murakami, Kenji (ed.). Yōkai Jiten (妖怪事典). Mainichi Shimbun (2000). The Element Encyclopedia of the Psychic World. Harper Element. (2006) Screech, Timon. The lens within the heart: the Western scientific gaze and popular imagery in later Edo Japan. University of Hawaii Press (2002) Tsukumogami