beaten is easy to apply in practice: if the board is played n times, the top result achieves 2n−2 matchpoints, the next 2n−4, down to zero. When there are several identical results, they receive the average. However, complications occur if not every board is played the same number of times, or when an "adjusted" (director-awarded) score occurs. These cases can result in non-integer matchpoint scores – see Neuberg formula. These matchpoints are added across all the hands that a pair plays to determine the winner. Scores are usually given as percentages of a theoretical maximum: 100% would mean that the partnership achieved the best score on every single hand. In practice, a result of 60% or 65% is likely to win the tournament or come close. In a Mitchell movement (see above) the overall scores are usually compared separately for NorthSouth pairs and for EastWest pairs, so that there is one winner in each group (unless arrow-switching has been applied - see above). In board-a-match team game, the matchpoints are calculated using a similar principle. Since there are only two teams involved, the only possible results are 1 (won), ½ (tied), and 0 (lost) points per board. International Match Point scoring In International Match Point (IMP) scoring, the difference in total points scored (or "swing") is converted to IMPs using the standard IMP table below. The purpose of the IMP table, which has sublinear dependency on differences, is to reduce results occurring from large swings. The score that is being compared against can be obtained in the following ways: In team events, it is the score from the teammates' table In pair events, it can be: The datum score, most often calculated as the average score on board, excluding a number of top and bottom results. Sometimes, the median score is used instead. In "cross-IMP" or "Calcutta" scoring, every score on board is compared against every other score (sometimes excluding top and bottom results) and IMPs summed up (and possibly averaged, to reduce "inflation"). Example of averaged cross-IMP scoring: Five North/South pairs play a board when vulnerable against non-vulnerable opponents. One pair makes a 4 contract, scoring +620, while the other North/South pairs score −100, −100, −300, and +650, respectively. To determine the average cross-IMP score for the pair making 4, the table at right is created, entering the contract points scored by each pair. Each of the other North/South's