Algeria which culminated in the Algerian War of Independence Dialogue was very important for him; he also talked to the Iranian religious sociologist Ali Shariati who would later become extremely influential as a modernist Muslim thinker in Iran. Shariati had immense respect for Massignon and adored him as a teacher and a master in his book Kavir (book). Massignon died on October 30, 1962, and was buried on November 6 in Pordic, Brittany. Louis Gardet, his friend and colleague, assisted in the posthumous edition of Louis Massignon's work La passion de Hussayn Ibn Mansûr an-Hallâj, published in 1975. Teaching Among his students were many scholarly luminaries: Henry Corbin, whom he directed towards his major study of Suhrawardi (Shaykh Al-Ishraq) Eva de Vitray-Meyerovitch, convert to Islam and scholar of Jalâl ud Dîn Rûmî Abdel Rahman Badawi, the Egyptian scholar of Islamic philosophy Abd al-Halim Mahmud, Grand Shaykh of Al-Azhar University Vincent-Mansour Monteil George Makdisi Eliezer Paul Kraus, discovered Al-Farabi's commentaries The Philosophy of Plato and Aristotle, and the Commentary on Laws Herbert Mason (Boston University, n.d.) Ali Shariati, sociologist, philosopher and Iranian political activist Jean Mohamed Ben Abdejlil, Franciscan convert to Catholicism Religious views While firmly rooted in Catholic faith, Massignon was inspired by Islamic theology and practice as well, which made him a very independent thinker in religious matters, while he avoided any kind of heresy. Religious beliefs Massignon's faith can be characterized by the basic concepts of sacred hospitality and mystical substitution (). Sacred hospitality Sacred hospitality, a concept that was inspired by the Islamic commandment of hospitality, demands, in Massignon's eyes to accept anyone and even serve him without wanting to change him or wishing him to be different. It is also rooted in the life of Jesus Christ, "who asked for hospitality and died on a cross", thereby accepting even the violence of his executioners. This concept also forms the basis for his strong belief in peaceful coexistence among different ethnicities, which made him speak out against the displacement of the Arabs from Palestine, as well as (at least initially) the decolonization of Algeria that implied the emigration of the French Algerians and Algerian Jews, the Pieds noirs, and the end of a multi-religious Algeria. Substitution and intercession The concept of mystical substitution was first suggested to Massignon by Huysmans' biography of Saint Lydwine of Schiedam, "whose life exemplified the writer's belief that one could atone for