the Tower of London and Bolingbroke joined James Francis Edward in France. Deprived of his offices, in September 1715 the Earl of Mar launched a Rebellion at Braemar in Scotland, without prior approval from James. Murray and his brothers Tullibardine (1689–1746) and Lord Charles (1691–1720) joined the Jacobite army, each commanding a clan regiment. Atholl blamed their defection on Lady Nairne (1673–1747), a committed Jacobite married to his cousin Lord William Murray (1664–1726), whose husband and sons took part in the 1715 and 1745 Risings. Choice of sides was often complex, and many either avoided direct participation, or tried to balance the two. In 1689, the Marquess of Atholl (1631–1703) backed William, while his eldest son 'besieged' his ancestral home of Blair Castle, held by a 'Jacobite' garrison under a trusted family retainer. Both sides took great care not to damage it. In 1715, Atholl adopted the same approach. James Murray, later 2nd Duke of Atholl, took the government side. He wrote letters to his three sons forbidding them to participate in the Rebellion, which he later produced as evidence of his loyalty. Lord Charles was captured at the Battle of Preston and Tullibardine fought at Sheriffmuir; Lord George missed the battle, as he was collecting taxes in Fife. While Sheriffmuir was inconclusive, without external support the Rebellion collapsed; Lord Charles, who held a commission in the 5th Dragoons, was tried as a deserter and sentenced to be shot. Although he was pardoned, his brothers were excluded and fled to France. In 1717, the Murrays were involved in efforts to gain support for an invasion from Sweden, then in dispute with Hanover over Pomerania. This was resurrected as part of the 1719 Rebellion, whose main component was a Spanish landing in South-West England; its objective was to capture Inverness, and enable a Swedish naval expeditionary force to disembark. Charles XII of Sweden died in November 1718, ending any hope of Swedish support, and the entire purpose of the Scottish uprising. Tullibardine and Lord George arrived in Stornoway in April 1719, where they met up with other exiles, including 300 Spanish marines under George Keith. The rebellion collapsed after defeat in the Battle of Glenshiel on 10 June; Lord George was wounded, and later escaped to Rotterdam. This seemed to end hopes of a Stuart restoration; in a letter of 16 June 1719 to the Earl of Mar, Tullibardine concluded 'it