The Western Australian Certificate of Education (WACE) is the credential awarded to students who have completed senior secondary education (Year 11 and Year 12) in the state of Western Australia. It is the Western Australian graduation certificate of the Australian Senior Secondary Certificate of Education. Students are required to meet various breadth and depth requirements, achievement standards and literacy and numeracy standards across their final years of schooling. As of the 2020 WACE, there are 106 courses available for students to study. Many WACE students are awarded an Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR), summarising their results across all areas of study into one ranking for the purposes of university admission. Students may choose from ATAR courses, which count directly towards their ATAR, Vocational Education and Training courses, which are more practical courses and can lead to further vocational opportunities, and, from 2021, General courses, which provide pathways to university, employment, or further vocational education and training. From 2010, the WACE replaced the Tertiary Entrance Exam (TEE), as the standard academic examination for school leavers in Western Australia. Requirements As of 2020, for students to attain the WACE, they must meet requirements in breadth and depth of study, minimum achievement standards, and minimum literacy and numeracy standards. To meet the breadth and depth requirements, students must study at least 20 units, including 10 units of Year 12 courses; four units of English at a post-Year 10 level (i.e. across years 11 and 12), including a pair of units at Year 12 level; and a pair of Year 12 units from both List A, which consists of humanities subjects and List B, made up of STEM subjects. Subjects generally have four units studied across two years. Units 1 and 2 are generally studied in Year 11, and units 3 and 4 are generally studied in Year 12. The achievement standards require C grades, which signify "satisfactory achievement", or better, in at least fourteen units across both Year 11 and Year 12 units, including C grades or better in at least six Year 12 units. For Vocational Education and Training (VET) courses, completing all the requirements of a course is equivalent to a C grade for this purpose. Students must also complete at least four Year 12 courses or at least a Certificate II VET qualification, as per the Australian Qualifications Framework. The VET option may be met by partially completing a Certificate