and help them find refuge. In Bayburt, they were stopped by Turkish soldiers and ordered to surrender the Armenian family. When they refused, the caravan drivers were apprehended. Consequently, Pietschmann and Schlimme were forced to drive the caravans themselves. When Turkish soldiers demanded the Armenian family once more, Pietschmann and Schlimme confronted them with guns and thus secured a passage for themselves out of Bayburt, headed towards Erzincan. Upon arrival in Erzincan, the Armenian family was apprehended and stationed in a local prison under the pretext of concealing weapons in their belongings. According to Schlimme, this was a false accusation since he had searched their belongings for any sort of weapon himself. During this time, Pietschmann witnessed mass deportations and acts of violence committed against the Armenian deportees. In his accounts, he indicates that the first wave of deportees were the more prominent members of the local Armenian community. He describes how Armenian deportees were sent further west where they were ultimately killed by being hurled into gorges. This was confirmed by Schlimme's earlier report, in which he described those sent to the Kemah gorge as mostly hungry and half-naked women and children. Schlimme reported that when they gave the deportees some bread, the latter were immediately beaten by the gendarmes for having accepted it. Pietschmann lamented thus over the Armenian children on their way to their destination: Pietschmann and the others reached the port city of Trabzon, where they departed for Constantinople. Photographs and publications recording the Armenian genocide Throughout his journey out of Erzurum, Pietschmann took numerous photographs of the deportees along their route. The photos were held in the archives of the Deutsche Bank in Vienna until they were discovered in 2007 by Artem Ohandjanyan, an ethnic Armenian resident of Austria. Ohandjanyan donated them to the Armenian Genocide Museum-Institute in Yerevan, Armenia. The Museum-Institute subsequently incorporated the photos into an exhibition that was showcased worldwide. Pietschmann published two books about his experiences during the genocide. In his first book, published in 1927 entitled Unter Eis und Palmen (Under Ice and Palms), Pietschmann recalls his travels and writes extensively about the violence suffered by the Armenian deportees. Pietschmann's second publication, entitled Durch kurdische Berge und armenische Städte (Through Kurdish Mountains and Armenian Cities) was published in 1940. It is essentially the diary of his time in the region during that period and is replete with numerous illustrations and