through Arabic through the Arab Muslim conquest of the Iberian peninsula during the Middle Ages. ajedrez: chess, from Persian Shatranj from the Sanskrit Chaturang (four-armed) as was the shape of the original chess board in India, via From Arabic ash-shatranj (الشطرنج). asesino = Assassin. From Arabic hashshshin "someone who is addicted to hashish (marijuana)," originally used to refer to the followers of the Persian Hassan-i-Sabah (حسن صباح), the Hashshashin. ayatolá = from Persian آیت‌الله āyatollāh, from 'āyatullāh, "sign of God", from Arabic word Āyah pre-modified with the definite article al and post-modified with the word Allahazafrán = saffron, from Persian زعفران zaferān or زرپران zarparān, "gold strung", thru Arabic اَلزَّعْفَرَان az-za`farān.azúcar= sugar, from Persian shekar of the same meaning via Arabic (سكر) sukkar. babucha= Slippers, babouche, from Persian "Papoosh" پاپوش, literally meaning "foot covering" via Arabic Baboush بابوش. bazar= bazaar, from Persian بازار bāzār (="market"). berenjena = eggplant, aubergine, from Persian بادنجان (bâdenjân), of the same meaning, via Arabic بَاذِنْجَان (bāḏenjān). caravana = caravan, from Persian کاروان kārvān, a company of travelers, pilgrims, or merchants on a long journey through desert or hostile regions: a train of pack animals, thru Italian caravana, carovana.caravasar = caravanserai, caravansary, kārvānsarāy is a Persian compound word combining kārvān "caravan" with sarāy "palace", "building with enclosed courts", from کاروان kārvān caravan + سرا sarā palace, large house, inn; an inn in eastern countries where caravans rest at night that is commonly a large bare building surrounding a court. derviche = from Persian درویش darvish, a member of a Sufi Muslim fraternity, literally translated "mendicant". diván = from Persian دیوان dēvān (="place of assembly", "roster"), from Old Persian دیپی dipi (="writing, document") + واهانم (="house") escabeche: Pickle or marinade. From Persian Sekba via Arabic as-sukbaj. escarlata = scarlet: from Pers. سقرلات saqerlât "a type of red cloth". a rich cloth of bright color. a vivid red that is yellower and slightly paler than apple red jazmín: jasmine. From Persian yasmin via Arabic. kan/jan = from Persian khan () meaning "inn", derives from Middle Persian hʾn (xān, “house”) an honorific title from Turko-Mongol, adapted to Persian nenúfar: Water-lily. From Persian nilofer, niloofar, niloufar, via Arabic naylufar. roque = rook (chess piece), from Persian رخ rukh via Arabic روخ rukh. sah = shah شاه shāh, from Old Persian 𐏋 χšāyaþiya (="king"), from an Old Persian verb meaning "to rule" Teherán = Tehran (تهران Tehrân, Iranian capital), from Persian