(in office 2003–2004) Mamadu Ture Kuruma (major general) (in office April–May 2012) Ivory Coast Robert Guéï (brigadier general) (in office 1999–2000) Lesotho Justin Lekhanya (major general) (in office 1986–1991) Elias Phisoana Ramaema (major general) (in office 1991–1993) Liberia Samuel Doe (master sergeant→field marshal) (in office 1980–1990) Libya Muammar al-Gaddafi (lieutenant→colonel) (in office 1969–1979, de facto leader 1979–2011) Madagascar Gabriel Ramanantsoa (major general) (in office 1972–1975) Gilles Andriamahazo (major general) (in office February–June 1975) Didier Ratsiraka (rear admiral→vice admiral) (in office 1975–1993) Charles Rabemananjara (general) (in office 2007–2009) Albert Camille Vital (brigadier general) (in office 2009–2011) Mali Moussa Traoré (lieutenant→general) (in office 1968–1991) Amadou Toumani Touré (lieutenant colonel→brigadier general) (in office 1991–1992) Amadou Sanogo (captain→general) (in office 2012–2013) Mauritania Mustafa Ould Salek (colonel) (in office 1978–1979) Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Louly (lieutenant colonel) (in office 1979–1980) Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla (colonel) (in office 1979–1984) Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya (colonel) (in office 1981–1992) Ely Ould Mohamed Vall (colonel) (in office 2005–2007) Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz (brigadier general) (in office 2008–2009) Niger Seyni Kountché (lieutenant colonel→major general) (in office 1974–1987) Ali Saibou (brigadier general) (in office 1987–1993) Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara (colonel) (in office 1996) Daouda Malam Wanké (major) (in office April–December 1999) Salou Djibo (colonel→lieutenant general) (in office 2010–2011) Nigeria Nnamdi Azikiwe (in office 1963–1966) Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi (major general) (in office January–July 1966) Yakubu Gowon (lieutenant colonel→general) (in office 1966–1975) Murtala Mohammed (brigadier→general) (in office 1975–1976) Olusegun Obasanjo (lieutenant general→general) (in office 1976–1979) Muhammadu Buhari (major general) (in office 1983–1985) Ibrahim Babangida (major general→general) (in office 1985–1993) Sani Abacha (general) (in office 1993–1998) Abdulsalami Abubakar (general) (in office 1998–1999) Rwanda Juvénal Habyarimana (major general) (in office 1973–1992) Paul Kagame (major→major general) (de facto 1994–2003) São Tomé and Príncipe Manuel Quintas de Almeida (lieutenant) (in office August 1995) Fernando Pereira (major) (in office July 2003) Sierra Leone Andrew Juxon-Smith (brigadier) (in office 1967–1968) John Amadu Bangura (brigadier) (in office 1968) Valentine Strasser (captain) (in office 1992–1996) Solomon Musa (lieutenant) (in office 1992–1993) Julius Maada Bio (brigadier) (in office 1993–1995, January–March 1996) Johnny Paul Koroma (major) (in office 1997–1998) Somalia Siad Barre (major general) (in office 1969–1991) Mohammad Ali Samatar (major general→lieutenant general) (in office 1987–1990) Sudan Ibrahim Abboud (general) (in office 1958–1964) Gaafar Nimeiry (colonel→major general) (in office 1969–1985) Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab (general→field marshal) (in office 1985–1986) Omar al-Bashir (brigadier→field marshal) (in office 1989–2019) Togo Kléber Dadjo (colonel) (in office January–April 1967) Gnassingbé Eyadéma