Gradient Lair, who both write about the anti-Black and/or racist misogyny against Black women, also known as misogynoir, a term coined by Bailey in 2008. In 2018, both these women wrote an article named "On Misogynoir: Citation, erasure and plagiarism", which talks about the works of Black feminists often being plagiarized or erased from most literary works, also implicitly and sometimes explicitly linked to gender oppression, particularly for women of color. Misogynoir is grounded in the theory of intersectionality; it examines how identities such as race, gender, and sexual orientation connect in systems of oppression. Modern-day Black activists, such as Feminista Jones, a feminist commentator, claim that "Misogynoir provides a racialised nuance that mainstream feminism wasn't catching" and that "there is a specific misogyny that is aimed at Black women and is uniquely detrimental to Black women." Critics Critics of Black feminism argue that divisions along the lines of race or gender weaken the strength of the overall feminist and anti-racist movements. See also Womanism African-American women's suffrage movement Black Girl Magic Black matriarchy Intersectionality Misogyny in hip hop culture From Black Power to Hip Hop: Racism, Nationalism, and Feminism Black Sexual Politics: African Americans, Gender, and the New Racism PaVEM Postcolonial feminism Purplewashing Separatist feminism Third World feminism Triple oppression References Further reading Books bell hooks, Ain't I a Woman?: Black Women and Feminism (1981) Molara Ogundipe-Leslie, Re-Creating Ourselves: African Women & Critical Transformations (1994) Patricia Hill Collins, Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness and the Politics of Empowerment (1990) and Black Sexual Politics: African Americans, Gender, and the New Racism (here) (Routledge, 2005) Third World Women's Alliance. Black Women's Manifesto (1970) Home Girls: A Black Feminist Anthology (here). Kitchen Table: Women of Color Press, 1983; Reed. 2000 This Bridge Called My Back: Writings by Radical Women of Color, (here) edited by Cherríe Moraga and Gloria E. Anzaldúa (Persephone Press, 1981; 2nd edn 1984, Kitchen Table: Women of Color Press; translated into Spanish in 2002 by Cherríe Moraga, Ana Castillo, and Norma Alarcón) Articles Chapman, Erin D. "A historiography of black feminist activism" History Compass (2019) https://doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12576 abstract Feminist theory Multicultural feminism Womanism