two stages because there is a slight setback about halfway up. A two-light Perpendicular window faces west from the ground floor. The original sound-holes are very small and in pairs, one pair for each cardinal direction and in different styles. Those facing west and north have triangular tops, while those facing east and south have arched tops. The pair facing west has a dividing colonnette in the form of a bulbous baluster and with oversized astragal mouldings. The pair facing north have a dividing slab which is a re-used late Saxon grave-slab with carved interlace. A replacement bell-chamber was put on top of the old tower in the 14th century. This is octagonal, in fine flintwork using split flints and with flushwork in limestone. Four faces each have a two-light sound-hole, the bottom part blocked with brickwork and the rest given a brickwork lattice in the form of tessellated equilateral triangles. The other four sides each have flushwork in the form of two-light window tracery. There are two bells in the tower, weights unrecorded, which are dated to . First reports after the fire indicate that they are undamaged. There is a clock on the tower, facing north. Exterior The nave and chancel are of the same width, but the roof of the latter is slightly lower. Both are thatched, with one combined pitch for the south side but two pitches on the north side to accommodate the height difference. On the north side, the west corner of the nave has quoins in long-and-short work which is considered an Anglo-Saxon architectural feature. The single 15th-century Perpendicular window has a flat top and tracery. The north porch is 15th century, with a simple two-light window without decoration in each side. The roof is in pantiles. The unusual stepped false gable in brick is later. The portal is a moulded pointed arch, with the inner order of mounding supported by a pair of engaged colonnettes. The actual doorway has double ogee moulding. The north side of the chancel has two large stepped buttresses, one at the corner, and a single, simple two-light window with a triangular top. In between the buttresses is a blocked doorway which used to lead out into a vestry, now demolished. Francis Blomefield described this in the 18th century as having originally been two-storey with a stone staircase and a lead roof, but the internal floor of the