its defense of syndicalism. Salazar used to call the MNS "National Communists". Despite this official end the National Syndicalists carried on in secret and Rolão Preto helped to lead a conspiracy against the government, which also involved moderate monarchists, some members of the Portuguese Republican Party, and even a few socialists and anarchists who simply wanted to overthrow the regime. The revolt took place on September 10, 1935 but it failed to gain the support of all but a small group of soldiers on board the Bartolomeu Dias warship and in the Lisbon area of Penha de França, being crushed almost immediately. As a result of this Rolão Preto and his deputy Alberto Monsaraz were forced into exile in Spain and the National Syndicalists were fully repressed. The dissidents of the National Syndicalists were subsequently integrated in the União Nacional. See also National Syndicalism References Bibliography Costa Pinto, Antonio. 2019. "The Portuguese “Blue Shirts” and Salazar’s “New State”" in Reactionary Nationalists, Fascists and Dictatorships in the Twentieth Century. Springer. S. U. Larsen, B. Hagtvet & J. P. Myklebust, Who Were the Fascists: Social Roots of European Fascism, Oslo, 1980 Footnotes Political parties established in 1932 Defunct political parties in Portugal Far-right parties in Portugal National syndicalism Political parties disestablished in 1934 1932 establishments in Portugal 1934 disestablishments in Portugal Integralismo Lusitano Fascist parties Anti-communist parties