the AKM. Artillery units were typically equipped with BM-21 Grad or BM-14 multiple rocket launchers, and 130mm M1954/M46 or 122mm 2A18/D-30 howitzers. They also possessed fifteen towed T-12 anti-tank guns. The KPRAF maintained a formidable arsenal of older Soviet main battle tanks. Tanks were typically operated and maintained on the battalion level and included a hundred T-55s, ten T-54s, and fifty obsolete PT-76s. All of these were second-hand and received as military aid from the Soviet government between 1983 and 1989. Some units were also known to have deployed Chinese Type 59s, which were probably transferred to the KPRAF by Vietnam. Other Soviet or Vietnamese-supplied armored vehicles in the KPRAF's inventory consisted of BTR-40, BTR-152, and BTR-60 wheeled armored personnel carriers, and ten BMP-1 infantry fighting vehicles. Combat aircraft consisted of Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 multirole fighters as well as a fleet of Mil Mi-8 helicopters. Infantry weapons Armored fighting vehicles Artillery Anti-aircraft artillery Aircraft Ships Uniforms and insignia Military uniforms in the KPRAF were worn by the main and by the provincial forces, although apparently not by the militia. In general, these uniforms resembled those of Vietnam and the Soviet Union. Battle dress for the soldiers consisted of green or khaki fatigues, with Soviet-style soft boonie hats (such as the Soviet Army wore in Afghanistan), or visored caps with a cloth chin strap. Although not part of the uniform, soldiers in an operation widely wore the krama, a checkered scarf knotted loosely about the neck. Junior officers serving on staff duty or attending service schools in Phnom Penh wore khaki shirts with ties, brown trousers, and the round service cap. The cap device for all ranks consisted of a five-towered, stylized rendition of Angkor Wat on a red field, surrounded by a wreath. The device for senior ranks showed more elaborate gold ornamentation around the wreath. The KPRAF owned a garment factory in Phnom Penh, and it may have produced at least some of the uniforms it needed at this facility. The KPRAF insignia between 1979 and 1986 resembled those of the Vietnamese army. A new system of rank and branch insignia was adopted in July 1987 and was in use until 1993. They were worn on collar tabs of varying colors: scarlet for the army, dark blue for the navy, and sky blue for the air force. These branch insignia were worn by personnel up to the rank of deputy