A caipira (; Old Tupi ka'apir or ka'apira, which means "bush cutter") is an inhabitant of rural or remote areas in the interior of the south-central part of Brazil. Their racial origins and traditional culture is similar to those of the caiçaras, who inhabit the coastal regions of the south, and the ribeirinhos, who are riverbank dwellers in the Amazon region. By extension, the term caipira can also be applied to the different cultural manifestations of the caipiras, such as their folk music. It is also the name of a group of dialects of Portuguese spoken in the interior part of the State of São Paulo and adjacent areas of neighbouring states. "Caipira" is often used in Brazil as a pejorative term, conveying a ethnocentric and stereotyped attitude, for populations of the rural areas (mainly in the central and southern regions of the country). For example, in the book Urupês by Monteiro Lobato, the Caipira are portrayed as an "old plague", "parasite caboclo", "parasite of the earth", "unimportant people", "seminomadic", "unadaptable to civilization", "urumbeba",<ref group=nt>Term used in the State of São Paulo, to designate a gullible person, easy to be deceived.</ref> etc. The term can also be used as a self-identifier without negative connotations (akin to "melungeon"). In the traditional June Festivals (Festas Juninas), people dress in simple countryside attire, stereotyped as representing the Caipira people. See also Caipira dialect Caipira music Caipira guitar Caboclos Gauchos Ribeirinhos Caiçaras Caipirinha, alcoholic drink whose name is a diminutive of caipira. Notes References Cândido, Antônio. Os parceiros do Rio Bonito Sp, José Olympio, 1957. Monteiro Lobato, José Bento de. Urupês, Editora Monteiro Lobato e Cia., 1923. Nepomuceno, Rosa., Música Caipira, da roça ao rodeio, Editora 34, 1999. Queiróz,Renato da Silva. Caipiras Negros no Vale do Ribeira, Editora da USP, 1983 Pires, Cornélio . Conversas ao pé do fogo'' – IMESP, edição fac-similar, 1984. Brazilian folklore Ethnic groups in Brazil Stereotypes of rural people