of Garden Ring to at least 30–40 meter width, and demolition of buildings set at the ends of Garden Ring boulevards to create wide open squares. Grand Stalinist buildings, envisioned on all the ring, were initially planned only for major squares like Kursky Rail Terminal Square and Triumphalnaya Square. However, one end-of-boulevard block survives, precisely on Triumphalnaya Square, atop the six-lane tunnel. The same plan required removal of tram tracks in line with Moscow Metro construction. In fact, the removal of tram tracks proceeded well in advance of subway construction; by 1938, tram remained only in southern and south-eastern segments of the Ring (this segment was closed in 1961 ). Stalinist construction proceeded after World War II, notably the three skyscrapers (Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Kudrinskaya Square and Red Gates Square buildings of 1947–1954). However, no part of the Ring was completely rebuilt in Stalinist style (or any other style). Any street of the Ring is a mixture of different style and sizes, from single-story 1820s mansions to recently built shopping malls and the 162-meter Swissotel in Red Hills (2005). From the 1990s till 2010, the city government has proposed conversion of the Garden Ring to a one-way street, completely separated from radial street traffic. The public and professionals equally reject the idea of a one-way, 18-lane street. Since 2010, with the arrival of the new city government, these plans were canceled. In 2016 a new reconstruction began. Trolleybus traffic was eliminated and replaced by diesel buses. All the unnecessarily wide sections of the Ring were narrowed down to 10 lanes, the width of each lane was also reduced and the sidewalks were expanded. All the overhead cables were dismantled and moved underground. Composition The Ring consists of the following streets and squares, in the clockwise direction, Kaluzhskaya Square Krymsky Val Crimean Square Zubovsky Boulevard Zubovskaya Square Smolensky Boulevard Smolenskaya-Sennaya Square Novinsky Boulevard Kudrinskaya Square Sadovaya-Kudrinskaya Street Bolshaya Sadovaya Street Triumphalnaya Square Sadovaya-Triumfalnaya Street Sadovaya-Karetnaya Street Sadovaya-Samotyochnaya Street Samotyochnaya Square Sadovaya-Sukharevskaya Street Malaya Sukharevskaya Square Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square Sadovaya-Spasskaya Street Red Gate Square Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya Street Zemlyanoy Val Square Zemlyanoy Val Street Serpukhov Square Korovy Val Street Zhitnaya Street Taganka Square Nizhnyaya Krasnokholmskaya Street Zatsepsky Val Street Valovaya Street It crosses the Moskva River over two bridges, Bolshoy Krasnokholmsky Bridge (which connects the Taganka Square with Nizhnyaya Krasnokholmskaya Street) and Krymsky Bridge (which connects Krymsky Val Street and the