ground floor of his shop. Early ecclesiastical leadership Informal "Church of Christ" in 1829 and early 1830 Even before translation of the Book of Mormon was completed, Smith and Cowdery began baptizing several converts to the new faith. These adherents referred to themselves as the Church of Christ. In June 1829, in response to concerns by Cowdery, Smith dictated a revelation commanding Cowdery to "build up my church", based upon the theological principles Smith had been dictating, he said, from the golden plates. Possibly in conformance with this revelation, some time later in 1829 Cowdery said he received his own revelation, called the Articles of the Church of Christ, about "how he should build up his church & the manner thereof". Cowdery was described in his revelation as "an Apostle of Jesus Christ". Similarly, several of the other Twelve Witnesses to the Book of Mormon were described by people of the Palmyra area as "apostles" or "elders" in this new faith, and beginning in August 1829 some of them were given missions to preach the gospel. During the winter of 1829, when Smith was attempting to raise money for the publication of the Book of Mormon, Smith is said to have received a revelation through his seer stone sending Cowdery and Hiram Page on a mission to Canada to sell the Book of Mormon's Canadian copyright for $8,000. This mission, however, was unsuccessful, and the group returned empty-handed to the Whitmer home in Fayette, New York, where Smith was then visiting. As the group did not understand why the previous revelation had directed the group to carry out an unsuccessful mission, according to the recollection of David Whitmer, Smith received another revelation indicating that "[s]ome revelations are of God: some revelations are of men; and some revelations are of the devil." In early 1830, Smith reportedly discontinued the use of his seer stones in dictating revelations, from then on dictating the revelations based solely upon the impressions the Holy Spirit was said to have put in his mind. Formal organization of the Church of Christ By the spring of 1830, Smith had in mind the idea that his informal body of believers who called themselves the Church of Christ should be organized as a formal, legal body. Therefore, Smith traveled from Harmony to the Manchester-Palmyra area. In March 1830, just before publication of the Book of Mormon. Smith stayed in