Noyabrsk (; Tundra Nenets: Нюдя Пэвдей мар, romanized: Njudja Pəvdej mar; Forest Nenets: Нюча пэ”дя”й марˮ, romanized: Njuča pəꜧdjaꜧj marꜧ) is the second largest city in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located in the middle of the West Siberian oil fields, on the Tyumen–Novy Urengoy railway about north of Surgut. Population: History The city history dates back to 1975 when a landing party arriving by helicopter disembarked on the ice of the Itu-Yakha River to start developing Kholmogorskoye oil field. In November 1976, the first party of railway builders arrived at the site of the future city and camped out by Lake Khanto with the task of creating a settlement. On October 26, 1977, the settlement of Noyabrsk, which grew around the railway station of Noyabrskaya, was officially registered. It was decided to choose the name of "Noyabrsk" instead of the other proposal, "Khanto", to perpetuate the memory of the first arrival in November 1976, as the Russian word for November is "" (noyabr). The settlement was granted work settlement status on November 12, 1979 and that of a town on April 28, 1982. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the city of okrug significance of Noyabrsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the city of okrug significance of Noyabrsk is incorporated as Noyabrsk Urban Okrug. Demographics Graph of population growth: The average age of the population is just over 30. Economy The economy of Noyabrsk is based on hydrocarbons production. Noyabrsk is the base of operations for two major companies. Gazpromneft–Noyabrskneftegaz is a major oil producing subsidiary of Gazprom Neft. It is the largest oil company in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and accounts for 6% of Russia's total oil production. In the natural gas sector, Gazprom dobycha Noyabrsk—one of the three leading Gazprom subsidiaries—has an annual production of 85 billion cubic meters. This corresponds to 9.3% of Gazprom's total yearly gas production. It operates several gas fields around the city. To the northeast: the Vyngapurovskoye (launched in 1978) and Vyngayakhinskoye (launched in 2006) fields; and to the northwest: the Komsomolskoye (launched in 1993) and Zapadno-Tarkosalinskoye (launched in 1996) fields. The main business advantage of Gazprom dobycha Noyabrsk is the low prime cost of production. The company also provides operator services in gas and consensation production and gas treatment. In addition, there are over 1,000