the Principles which are Considered to Support the Practice of War. By a Lady (1825) IX. Thomas Hancock, The Principles of Peace, Exemplified in the Conduct of the Society of Friends in Ireland, during the Rebellion of 1798. In three parts (1825) X. Anon., Historical Illustrations of the Origin and Consequences of War (By the Author of Tract VIII) (1831) XI. M. Necker, Reflections on the Calamities of War, and the Superior Policy of Peace. Translated from the French (1831) XII. Joseph John Gurney, An Essay on War, and on its Lawfulness under the Christian Dispensation (1833) Late 19th century Lewis Appleton organized the International Arbitration and Peace Association (IAPA) in 1880. Unlike the Peace Society the IAPA accepted defensive war, was not restricted to Christians and claimed to be international. It also allowed women on the executive committee. In the spring of 1882, E. M. Southey, the main founder of the Ladies Peace Association, persuaded her group to disaffiliate from the Peace Society and join the IAPA. The Quaker Priscilla Hannah Peckover played a central role in organizing a new ladies auxiliary of the Peace Society that was launched on 12 July 1882. During the 1880s the Peace Society stagnated. Its Ladies' Peace Association was more dynamic, and claimed 9,217 members by the summer of 1885, of which 4,000 belonged to Peckover's Wisbech group. Early 20th century The society's failure to condemn the outbreak of the First World War in 1914 resulted in internal divisions and led to the resignation of its leader, Rev. William Evans Darby. His successor, Rev. Herbert Dunnico, led the society's unsuccessful campaign for peace negotiations. In 1930 the Peace Society merged with the International Christian Peace Fellowship and was renamed the International Peace Society. At sometime thereafter, with the Second World War looming and growing public unease towards British government policies of appeasement, it became defunct. Members Founder members As listed in The Origins of War Prevention by Martin Ceadel, the founding dozen in 1816 were: William Allen (1770–1843) - Quaker, philanthropist, chemist John Clarkson (1764–1828) - Abolitionist, founding father of Sierra Leone, brother of Thomas Clarkson Thomas Clarkson (1760–1846) - Abolitionist and campaigner, brother of John Clarkson, author of the society's third tract William Crawford (1788–1847) - Philanthropist and prison reformer (see WikiSource) Charles Stokes Dudley (1780–1862) - Born to a Quaker family, active in the British and Foreign Bible Society Rev. Thomas