the juveniles will be nursed. Little is known about territory size and territorial behavior because observation is difficult in the wild. Males are thought to have home ranges between and females between with ranges of the sexes overlapping. High numbers of mice are attracted to sudden and temporary food supplies (such as ripened berries) but what appears to be a colony established in the vicinity of the food may only be a temporary camp while the supply lasts. In favorable habitat, the average population density is about 7.5 per ha, though population density estimates range though from 0.64 to 59 per ha. Reproduction The mating season occurs in May, with gestation about 29 days to three to six pink-skinned and hairless young. The eyes open about the 26th day, weaning occurs about the 30th day, and by the 34th the young look like adults. The mating season for the woodland jumping mouse starts at the beginning of summer (May) and ends at the end of summer (August). Females usually have 2 or more litters a year, each containing 1–12 juveniles. The female nurses the young while the male gets food to feed the young. The young first leave the nest after 16 days, leaving permanently after 34 days or less. About 90% of young are eaten, every 1 out of 10 lives. Parental care is little understood because observation in the wild is difficult and females in captivity normally commit infanticide shortly after giving birth. Parental care devolves upon the female rather than the male whose role in care of the young is unknown. Mothers and their young share the nest and mothers have been observed covering its entrance during the day. The young have a longer developmental period than most small rodents, and parental care consequently covers a longer period in comparison with other small rodents. Survival Eastern screech owls, timber rattlesnakes, bobcats, broad-banded copperheads, American mink, weasels, and striped skunks are known predators. The mouse probably has a lifespan of two years but some may live for three or four years. Conservation The woodland jumping mouse has no conservational status on the IUCN Red List, United States Federal List, or CITES. No major threats exist at present (2010) but land development reduces suitable habitat for species hibernation, and insufficient layers of insulating snowfall may result in high death rates during the winter. Southern populations are already confined to