FBI staged a massive paramilitary raid on the property of Leonard Crow Dog. "We shall never sell our sacred Black Hills." On September 10, 1976, Fools Crow delivered a lengthy speech to the Congressional Subcommittee on Interior and Insular Affairs. The speech, entitled the Joint Statement of Chief Frank Fools Crow and Frank Kills Enemy on Behalf of the Traditional Lakota Treaty Council Before Honorable Lloyd Meads Sub–Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, was a plea for the return of the Black Hills to his people. Later, the speech was printed up in poster form and widely disseminated over the reservations. The full speech can be read here. Family and death His first wife, Fannie Afraid of Hawk, died in 1954. His second wife, Kate, died in October 1988. Fools Crow died on November 27, 1989, near Kyle, SD. He is believed to have been 99 years old. Quotations Film, cassette, and books Screenwriter John Fusco was an adopted "hunka" relative of Fools Crow and based the character Grandpa Sam Reaches on his film Thunderheart. In 1990, Fusco brought actor Robert De Niro to the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation to meet Fools Crow. Fools Crow traded gifts with De Niro in the traditional Lakota manner. Native Spirit and the Sun Dance Way, DVD documentary, 2007, World Wisdom Audio Cassette: Fools Crow Holy Man (January 21, 2000)Original Release Date: May 1, 1993; Label: Etherean Books with Thomas E. Mails:Fools Crow, University of Nebraska Press, 1979, 1990 Fools Crow: Wisdom and Power, Council Oak Books, 1990, 2002; Suzanne Dupree, Frank Fools Crow Knowledge and Truth - Gift from The Ancestors 2nd Edition, CreateSpace Publishing, 2014. References Bibliography Anderson et al., Voices from Wounded Knee 1973 (Akwesasne Notes, 1974) Ward Churchill and Jim Vander Wall, Agents of Repression (South End Press, 1988,'02) Thomas E. Mails, Fools Crow (University of Nebraska Press, 1979,'90) Peter Matthiessen, In the Spirit of Crazy Horse (Viking Penguin, 1983,'92) Russell Means, Where White Men Fear to Tread (St. Martin's Press, 1995) The New York Times Obituary, "Frank Fools Crow, a Sioux Tribal Leader", printed 29 November 1989 * Paul Chaat Smith and Robert Allen Warrior, Like a Hurricane: The Indian Movement from Alcatraz to Wounded Knee (The New Press, 1997) Luther Standing Bear, Land of the Spotted Eagle (Houghton Mifflin Company, 1933) Steve Talbot, Roots of Oppression: The American Indian Question (International Publishers, 1981) External links Publisher webpage for