cover the shortage. It is important to note, however, that unemployment elsewhere causes millions to leave home in the rural areas. By the end of 2009, for instance, 120 million workers, who lost their jobs due to the global economic crisis that affected China's manufacturing industry, trooped to areas such as Guangdong to find better opportunities. The government's recent response to the unemployment problem has been viewed favorably because of a shift in perspective. Today, the state approaches the issue, not as a political problem but a socio-economic problem that require socio-economic solutions. There are also related social problems to unemployment. These include the fact that the country's social insurance system is considered within the primitive stage of development, exposing employees to further problems in cases when the government allows the companies they work for to be liquidated. Government and law Bloated staffing in civil service and redundant government agencies Corruption (nepotism and cronyism (favorism over meritocracy), wasting public funds, bribery, legal system corruption (司法制度腐败), Corporate scandals etc.)Face projects (面子工程), including building useless roads, buildings, and huge government squaresTofu-dreg projects (豆腐渣工程), meaning poorly built infrastructure government-commerce relationships (官商勾结) Lack of the rule of law Fusion and unclear definition on the powers of the government and judiciary Crime Increase in corporate irregularity a.k.a. white-collar crime. Close tie between organized crime and corruption. Allegations of counterfeiting. Increased instances of alleged fraud and scams (including people claiming supernatural powers, quack medicines, etc.) The resurgence of Chinese organized crime. Social unrest Media censorship Dissatisfaction with corrupt government officials. Large protests against local government/businesses due to unfair treatment (usually land and expropriation-related issues) and ensuing persecution. Homeowners refuse to repay loans on unfinished properties. Discrimination Class Discrimination Regional elitism (mainly in Beijing and Shanghai) Gender Discrimination Since the establishment of the Chinese constitution, gender equality gained unprecedented importance for the Chinese state. Their efforts were focused towards extending women's rights politically, economically, culturally and socially. For example, throughout the past few decades China integrated a series of laws and programs forbidding sex-selective abortions, protecting mothers' rights, improving the livelihood of girls, and criminalizing discriminatory employer practices. However, despite being a pillar of their constitution, gender equality failed to translate as effectively in practice. In multiple sectors of Chinese society women still face discrimination. First, the employment sector reveals several mechanisms disadvantaging women from an equal position in the work force. Notably, the rising wage gap,