Tillamook is an extinct Salishan language, formerly spoken by the Tillamook people in northwestern Oregon, United States. The last fluent speaker was Minnie Scovell who died in 1972. In an effort to prevent the language from being lost, a group of researchers from the University of Hawaii interviewed the few remaining Tillamook-speakers and created a 120-page dictionary. Phonology Vowels Consonants Internal rounding The so-called "rounded" consonants (traditionally marked with the diacritic , but here indicated with ), including rounded vowels and (), are not actually labialized. The acoustic effect of labialization is created entirely inside the mouth by cupping the tongue (sulcalization). Uvulars with this distinctive internal rounding have "a kind of timbre" while "rounded" front velars have coloring. These contrast and oppose otherwise very similar segments having or coloring—the "unrounded" consonants. is also formed with this internal rounding instead of true labialization, making it akin to . So are vowel sounds formerly written as or , which are best characterized as the diphthong with increasing internal rounding. Notes Bibliography External links University of Oregon: The Tillamook Tillamook Language OLAC resources in and about the Tillamook language Coast Salish languages Indigenous languages of Oregon Indigenous languages of the Pacific Northwest Coast Extinct languages of North America Languages extinct in the 1970s 1970s disestablishments in Oregon