have used leaflet bombs. The Revolutionary Armed Corps (CAR) was according to the Ecuadorian police "an extreme leftist group" which is only known for one attempted attack on February 20, 2001, when a leaflet bomb containing 150 pamphlets was discovered and successfully defused by the police. The communist Group of Popular Combatants (GCP) has used leaflet bombs on several occasions during 2001–2005. In 2001 it was blamed by authorities for a pamphlet bomb and later the same year the group claimed responsibility for detonating a pamphlet bomb in downtown Quito that let out hundreds of pamphlets protesting against Plan Colombia. In 2002 the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Ecuador set off a leaflet bomb in an Arcos Dorados restaurant in Guayaquil that injured three people and caused severe damage to the property. Advantages of leafleting The printed words on the leaflets were more authoritative before the advances in technology. One leaflet has the potential to reach many civilians. Leaflets can be hidden and easily destroyed in case of emergency. Leaflets can bypass circumvention techniques used to block other forms of propaganda, such as radio jamming. Disadvantages Due to illiteracy not all civilians are capable of reading the leaflets. In order to have accurate delivery, aircraft need to fly at low altitudes and low speeds making them easier targets for the enemy. Leaflets can be destroyed or altered by the enemy. Messages must cater to the cultural norm of society. Weather conditions can alter the message being delivered to civilians. See also Operation Cornflakes: A more subtle propaganda operation in World War II involving inserting propaganda leaflets by air into the mail system of Nazi Germany. References Bibliography Brockmann, R.J., & Sinatra, S. (1995). How the iterative process helped the Allies win the Persian Gulf War. STC Intercom, 42 (9), 1, 44. Clark, Andrew M. and Christie, Thomas B. "Ready ... Ready ... Drop". Gazette: The International Journal For Communication Studies. 2005, London. Sage Publications. Friedman, Herbert A. "Falling Leaves". Print: Krause Publications, 2003. . Garnett, David A. (1947), The Secret History of PWE: The Political Warfare Executive 1939–1945, St Ermins Press. 2002. Haulman, Dr. Daniel L. "USAF Psychological Operations, 1990–2003". Air Force Historical Research Agency, 2003. . Oyen, Orjar and De Fleur, Melvin L. "The spatial Diffusion of an Airborne Leaflet Message". The American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 59, No 2. Sep., 1953, 144–149. . Richards, Lee. PsyWar.Org Schmulowitz, Nat and